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Objective To study the effect and safety of posterior Tenon subtenon triamcinolone acetonide (TA) injection as treatment for diffuse diabetic macular edema.Methods Forty-two patients (54 eyes) with diffuse diabetic macular edema were diagnosed by fundus fluorescence angiography and optical coherence tomography,posterior Tenon subtenon injection of TA 20 mg for treatment.All eyes were examined before treatment and the different time points after treatment by testing visual acuity,intraocular pressure,thickness of macular fovea.Results Preoperative visual acuity was 0.26 ± 0.15,postoperative was 0.29 ± 0.13,0.34 ± 0.14,0.43 ± 0.16,0.41 ± 0.13,0.38 ± 0.17 at 2 weeks,1 month,2 months,3 months and 6 months,respectively,visual acuity improved significantly,there was no significant difference between 2 weeks postoperative and preoperative (P ＞ 0.05),the remaining time points compared with preoperative differences were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.01).Preoperative thickness of macular fovea was (473.9 ±121.8) μ m,postoperative was (462.6 ± 93.3) μ m,(342.8 ± 87.1) μ m,(302.6 ± 67.8) μ m,(321.1 ±79.1) μ m,(355.2 ± 47.6) μ m at 2 weeks,1 month,2 months,3 months and 6 months,respectively,there was no significant difference between 2 weeks postoperative and preoperative (P ＞ 0.05),the remaining time points compared with preoperative differences were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.01).The intraocular pressure at 2 months were significantly higher than preoperative (P ＜ 0.05).No other complications were observed.Conclusion Posterior Tenon subtenon injection of TA as treatment for diffuse diabetic macular edema is safe and effective,which can inject repeatly.
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Objective: To investigate the effects of Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb 761) on the morphology and function of retinal ganglion cells (RGC) in guinea pigs with optic nerve transection. Methods: Seventy-five albino guinea pigs were randomly divided into five groups: normal control group, sham-operated group, untreated group, normal saline group and EGb 761 group. No operation was performed in the normal control group. Optic nerve was merely exposed in the sham-operated group, but transected at 1.0 mm from posterior pole of the eye ball in the untreated, normal saline and EGb 761 groups. Guinea pigs in the EGb 761 group or the normal saline group received daily intraperitoneal injection of EGb 761 (100 mg/kg) or corresponding volume of normal saline from 7 days before experiment to 28 days after experiment. Three guinea pigs in each group were sacrificed for apoptosis assay (TUNEL method) of RGC. Pattern electoretinograms (PERGs) were recorded 14 and 28 days after transection, respectively. At the end of the examination, six guinea pigs were killed for histological examination and RGC count. Results: No TUNEL-positive cells were observed in the normal control, sham-operated and EGb 761 groups, but there were TUNEL-positive cells in the untreated group and the normal saline group. The numbers of RGCs in the untreated and normal saline groups were less than those in the normal control and sham-operated groups at 14 days or 28 days (P0.05) at 14 days or 28 days. The number of RGCs was positive correlated to N(95) amplitude (r=0.859, P=0.001 5). Conclusion: EGb 761 can inhibit the apoptosis of RGCs in guinea pigs after optic nerve transection, thus protect the morphology and function of RGCs.
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Objective To study the correlation between the rabbit glucocorticoid receptor(GR) and steroid-induced glaucoma(SIG).Methods The GR binding in peripheral blood leukocytes and plasma cortisol were measured in 15 adults pigmented rabbits on the first day of experiment, 0.5mg dexamethasone was injected in the right eyes of each rabbit once every 2 days, totally 15 times for 30 days. Right eyes intraocular pressure(IOP) and aqueous outflow facility were measured every week, the relation between GR, plasma cortisol, IOP and aqueous outflow facility(C) was analyzed. Results After the experiment the IOP increased by 0.67kPa±0.49kPa(P＜0.01),C decreased by 0.08±0.11(P＜0.01).GR may closely be related to IOP and C(r=0.56,P＜0.025; r=0.60,P＜0.01).Plasma cortisol was independent of IOP and C(r=0.27, P＞0.05;r=0.34,P＞0.05).Conclusion The level of GR has positive correlation with the sensitivity of tissue of eye to glucocorticoid.