Multi-task motor imagery electroencephalogram classification based on adaptive time-frequency common spatial pattern combined with convolutional neural network / 生物医学工程学杂志

The effective classification of multi-task motor imagery electroencephalogram (EEG) is helpful to achieve accurate multi-dimensional human-computer interaction, and the high frequency domain specificity between subjects can improve the classification accuracy and robustness. Therefore, this paper proposed a multi-task EEG signal classification method based on adaptive time-frequency common spatial pattern (CSP) combined with convolutional neural network (CNN). The characteristics of subjects' personalized rhythm were extracted by adaptive spectrum awareness, and the spatial characteristics were calculated by using the one-versus-rest CSP, and then the composite time-domain characteristics were characterized to construct the spatial-temporal frequency multi-level fusion features. Finally, the CNN was used to perform high-precision and high-robust four-task classification. The algorithm in this paper was verified by the self-test dataset containing 10 subjects (33 ± 3 years old, inexperienced) and the dataset of the 4th 2018 Brain-Computer Interface Competition (BCI competition Ⅳ-2a). The average accuracy of the proposed algorithm for the four-task classification reached 93.96% and 84.04%, respectively. Compared with other advanced algorithms, the average classification accuracy of the proposed algorithm was significantly improved, and the accuracy range error between subjects was significantly reduced in the public dataset. The results show that the proposed algorithm has good performance in multi-task classification, and can effectively improve the classification accuracy and robustness.

MicroRNA-135a in ABCA1-labeled Exosome is a Serum Biomarker Candidate for Alzheimer's Disease / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

Objective@#In the present study, the ABCA1 was used as a label to capture specific exosomes, the level of ABCA1-labeled exosomal microRNA-135a (miR-135a) was evaluated for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), especially in patients with early stages of AD.@*Methods@#This is a preliminary research focused on the levels of ABCA1 in WBCs, RBCs, HT-22 cells, and neuron cells. The diagnostic value of ABCA1-labeled exosomal miR-135a was examined using the CSF and serum of APP/PS1 double transgenic mice, and 152 patients with SCD, 131 patients with MCI, 198 patients with DAT, and 30 control subjects.@*Results@#The level of ABCA1 exosomes harvested from HT-22 cells and neuron culture medium was significantly higher compared to that of RBCs and WBCs ( @*Conclusion@#This study outlines a method to capture specific exosomes and detect them using immunological methods, which is more efficient for early diagnosis of AD.

Establishment of a CT image radiomics-based prediction model for the differential diagnosis of silicosis and tuberculosis nodules / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective@#To establish a CT image radiomics-based prediction model for the differential diagnosis of silicosis and tuberculosis nodules.@*Methods@#A total of 53 patients with silicosis and 89 patients with tuberculosis who underwent routine CT scans in Suzhou Fifth People's Hospital from January to August, 2018 were enrolled in this study. AK/ITK software was used to segment the images to obtain 139 silicosis lesions and 119 tuberculosis lesions. For each lesion image, 396 features were extracted, and feature dimension reduction was applied to select the most characteristic feature subset. Support vector machine (SVM) , feedforward back propagation neural network (FNN-BP) , and random forest (RF) were implemented using R software (Rstudio V1.1.463) , and the algorithm that achieved the largest area under of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) was selected as the final prediction model.@*Results@#RF was the best prediction model for the differential diagnosis of silicosis and tuberculosis nodules, with an accuracy of 83.1%, a sensitivity of 0.76, a specificity of 0.9, and an AUC of 0.917 (95% confidence interval: 0.8431-0.9758) . RF had a significantly larger AUC than SVM and FNN-BP (P<0.05) .@*Conclusion@#CT image-based RF prediction model can be used to differentially diagnose silicosis and tuberculosis nodules.

The Serum Exosome Derived MicroRNA-135a, -193b, and -384 Were Potential Alzheimer's Disease Biomarkers / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

OBJECTIVE@#MicroRNAs (miRs) are attractive molecules to be considered as one of the blood-based biomarkers for neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). The goal of this study was to explore their potential value as biomarkers for the diagnosis of AD.@*METHODS@#The expression levels of exosomal miR-135a, -193b, and -384 in the serum from mild cognitive impairment (MCI), dementia of Alzheimer-type (DAT), Parkinson's disease with dementia (PDD), and vascular dementia (VaD) patients were measured with a real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR) method.@*RESULTS@#Both serum exosome miR-135a and miR-384 were up-regulated while miR-193b was down-regulated in serum of AD patients compared with that of normal controls. Exosome miR-384 was the best among the three miRs to discriminate AD, VaD, and PDD. Using the cut-off value could better interpret these laboratory test results than reference intervals in the AD diagnosis. ROC curve showed that the combination of miR-135a, -193b, and -384 was proved to be better than a particular one for early AD diagnosis.@*CONCLUSION@#Our results indicated that the exosomal miRs in the serum were not only potential biomarker of AD early diagnosis, but might also provide novel insights into the screen and prevention of the disease.

Evaluation of detection performance of urinary vanilmandelic acid on automatic biochemical analyzer / 医疗卫生装备

Objective To evaluate the automatic biochemical analyzer when used to detect urinary vanilmandelic acid (VMA), and to compare it with manual method. Methods The automatic biochemical analyzer using homogenous enzyme immunoassay technology was compared with the manual method on accuracy, precision, linear range, recovery rate, anti-interference capability and etc when used to detect VMA.The comparison was also carried out on positive rate and etc when the two methods were used to test the urine specimens of the healthy subjects and suspected patients of hypertension, hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism. Results The two methods both had the results on accuracy, precision, linear range, recovery rate, anti-interference capability meet the requirements described in the instruction of reagent kit, while the analyzer gained advantages over the manual method.The positive rates by the two methods for testing urine specimens were similar,while the analyzer behaved better in diagnosing the patient with critical value.Conclusion The analyzer proves better than the manual method when used to detect VMA,and thus is worthy promoting in clinical trial.

Palliative treatment for locally advanced and metastatic pancreatic cancer / 中华消化外科杂志

More than 25％ pancreatic cancers are locally advanced and unresectable.For patients underwent pancreatectomy,about 80％ of patients had pancreatic cancer recurrence in 2 years.The aim of palliative treatment for locally advanced and metastatic pancreatic cancer is to relieve the disease-associated symptoms,including biliary obstruction,duodenal obstruction,and intractable abdominal pain.Surgical strategies,such as palliative resection (R1 resection ),biliary drainage and gastroenterostomy have been widely used.During recent years,neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiation have been recommended as the palliative treatment of choice for patients with locally advanced and metastatic pancreatic cancer.However,The controversy still exists.This article summarized current data of surgical and non-surgical strategies for the treatment of locally advanced and metastatic pancreatic cancer.

The protection effect of a new combined anti-G measure / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>AIM</b>To observe the protection effect of a new combined anti-G measure which was composed of KH-x anti-G suit, unassisted PBG (positive pressure breathing for G, PBG) and PHP maneuver. The problem of fatigue and pain when using this measure was also discussed.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Five fully qualified centrifuge subjects were exposed to 5 groups of +Gz exposure: (1) relaxed tolerance, (2) KH-x and KT-x, (3) PBG, (4) 6.5 G 45 s, (5) 9.0 G 15 s. The subjective feeling of fatigue and pain induced by +Gz exposure was evaluated by the questionnaire after runs.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There was no incidents of G-induced lose of consciousness in this study. The protective effect of KH-x and KT-x was 2.3 G while it was 1.7 G for PBG. All the subjects have accomplished the 4th and 5th runs. The pain has developed on neck, waist, arm and hands. The problem of waist pain was very significant.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The new combined anti-G measure could meet the requirement of +9.0 Gz protection for high performance plane. How to prevent the occurrence of neck injury and alleviate the pain induced by G when using this measure should be studied further.</p>

Relative study for +Gz protection of an advanced bladder anti-G system and that of capstan anti-G system / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>AIM</b>To assess the +Gz protection afforded by an advanced bladder anti-G system in the centrifuge against a capstan anti-G system.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Tow centrifuge experiments were completed, respectively, by two groups of six male subjects. In the first experiment, subjects using advanced bladder anti-G system, the +Gz protection afforded by this anti-G system was determined. Then they were exposed to simulated air combat maneuver (SACM)I with leg straining, the +Gz-time tolerance was determined. In the second experiment, subjects using capstan anti-G system, the +Gz protection afforded by this anti-G system was determined. Then they were exposed to SACMII with anti-G straining maneuver, the +Gz-time tolerance was determined.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The anti-G effectiveness of the advanced bladder system was 5.33 G, which was significantly higher than that of the capstan system by 1.35 G (P < 0.01). All subjects of the two groups passed themselves SACM, but the effort, fatigue, and heart rates of the first group subjects were lower than those of the second group subjects.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The results demonstrate that the +Gz protection afforded by the advanced bladder anti-G system is significantly higher than that by the capstan system.</p>

+Gz protection provided by tilt-back seat and GZ-2 anti-G suit / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>AIM</b>To investigate the +Gz protection provided by tilt-back seat and GZ-2 anti-G suit.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>6 subjects were exposed to centrifuge and onset rate is 3 G/s. First, their relaxed +Gz tolerances were determined while using tilt-back seat of 13 degrees. Secondly, it was their +Gz tolerance provided by pressurized GZ-2 anti-G suit and tilt-back seat of 13 degrees. Finally, their +Gz tolerances while using pressurized GZ-2 anti-G suit and tilt-back seat of 45 degrees were determined. The difference between the first and the third result was the +Gz protection that pressurized GZ-2 anti-G suit and tilt-back seat of 45 degrees offered.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>+Gz protection of pressurized GZ-2 anti-G suit and tilt-back seat of 13 degrees was 3.06 G, and +Gz protection of pressurized GZ-2 anti-G suit and tilt-back seat of 45 degrees was 4.13 G, which had an increase of 1.06 G.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Tilt-back seat of 45 degrees can greatly enhance +Gz tolerances of human.</p>