Recent advances in diagnosis and treatment of Coats disease / 眼科新进展

Coats disease,known as the outer exudative retinopathy,is a kind of disease characterized by retinal capillaries expansion and microvascular abnormalities,often accompanied by retinal or subretinal exudation and lipids exudative retinal detachment.Neovascular glaucoma and ocular atrophy often occur in the late time.Coats disease is significant diversity in clinical presentation and morphology.For nearly a century,with the development of understanding of the disease,vireoretinal specialists have a new view on diagnosis and treatment of it.This article reviews the recent progress in the diagnosis and treatment of Coats disease.

Process of Purification of Dihydromyricetin by Cooling Crystallization / 医药导报

Objective To development a cooling crystallization process that is suitable for industrial preparation of purified dihydromyricetin.Methods Screen design was used to investigate effects of process parameters such as,temperature,concentration ethanol aqueous,quantity of activated charcoal and adsorption time on yield and purity of dihydromyricetin.Purity was verified by high performance liquid chromatography and thin layer chromatography.The solubility of dihydromyricetin in water at viable temperature and ethanol proportion was also determined by UV spectrophotometry.The solid form was characterized by thermal analysis and powder X-ray diffractometry.Results When temperature was ＞ 85 ℃,ethanol concentration ＜ 10％,dosage of activated charcoal 0.1％-0.3％,and adsorption time 1-3 min,yield of dihydromyricetin was more than 70％,and the purity greater than 98％.The crystals,prepared by cooling crystallization from water and ethanol aqueous,had the same physical form and crystal habit.Conclusion Cooling crystallization from low concentration of ethanol aqueous gets higher yield and the process is more robust than crystallization from water.

The evaluation and treatment of cyclodialysis clefts / 中华眼底病杂志

The cyclodialysis cleft is a rare disease characterized by ocular hypotony and vision loss.Gonioscopy,ultrasound biomicroscopy and anterior segment optical coherence tomography are used to evaluate the cleft before treatment.The evaluation of cyclodialysis clefts provide a basis for the selection of treatment and the evaluation of effect.Current popular therapeutic approaches for cyclodialysis clefts include medical management,laser photocoagulation,transscleral diathermy,cryotherapy,cyclopexy and so on.Medical treatment is effective in small-size cyclodialysis cleft.But the indications and course of medical treatment remains controversial.Although laser photocoagulation,transscleral diathermy and cryotherapy are effective to treat cyclodialysis clefts in some cases,there are some risks,such as ocular damage,uncertainty about the effect and so on.Cyclopexy is the principal method for cyclodialysis clefts that failed to respond to conservative management,including extraocular cyclopexy,intraocular cyclopexy and cyclopexy under endoscopic.The modified cyclopexy is effective which reduces the surgical risk.For keeping the lens,intraocular cyclopexy and cyclopexy under endoscopic are not suitable.Vitrectomy combined with other method for cyclodialysis is effective for cyclodialysis clefts which combined with serious posterior segment damage.

cGAS-STING signaling pathway and diseases / 国际生物医学工程杂志

The cGAS-STING pathway plays a significant role in host defense against viral and bacterial infection.In the process,the cytoplasmic free DNA,considered as a danger signal,is recognized by nucleotidyl transferase cGAS.cGAS is activated by double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) and catalyzes the synthesis of a noncanonical cyclic dinucleotide 2'5'-cGAMP from adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and guanosine triphosphate (GTP).cGAMP serve as an endogenous second messenger to stimulate the induction of type Ⅰ interferons via STING.In addition to the exogenous bacterial or viral DNA,abnormal deposition of host DNA in cytosol also activates the cGAS-STING signaling pathway cascade,resulting in inflammation and autoimmune diseases.Subsequent studies found that this pathway also plays an important role in tumor's responsiveness to radio-therapy and chemo-therapy.Activation of cGAS-STING pathway produces or enhances the therapeutic efficacy.These findings suggest that specifically interfering with cGAS-STING activation may hold therapeutic value for the treatment of cancer,infection and inflammatory diseases.In this paper,the activation mechanism of cGAS-STING pathway and its relationship with the treatment of diseases were summarized,and the regulation of cGAS-STING pathway was introduced in detail.

Compartive study of giant cell tumor in vertebral column with MSCT and 3.0T MRI / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To study the imaging features of spinal giant cell tumors (GCTs)including multi-slice spiral CT (MSCT) and MRI in order to improve the diagnosis.Methods A retrospective study was conducted in 27 patients with GCTs in the spine at our institute.The data of MSCT and 3.0T MRI were recorded and analyzed.Results Of the 27 patients,4 were found in the cervi-cal spine,12 in the thoracic spine,5 in the lumbar spine and 6 in the sacral spine.Typical imaging features showed eccentric,expan-sive and lytic bone destruction of the involved vertebra.The tumor showed soft-tissue density on CT with inner visible cystic change, necrosis and trabecula remnants in most tumors,without calcification and periosteal reaction.Most lesions showed hypointensity or isointensity on T1 WI and hypointensity,isointersity or heterogeneous high signal on T2 WI.When aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC)was detected,MRI revealed hyperintensity with a fluid-fluid interface.Conclusion Radiographic features of the GCTs in the spine are specific for diagnosis to some extent.CT and MRI may contribute to the accuracy of preoperative diagnosis.The methods have a good value in GCT diagnosis,clinical staging,surgical strategies and postoperative evaluation.

Effects of moxibustion on cell proliferative factors in gastric mucosa in rats with precancerous lesions of chronic atrophic gastritis / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the molecular mechanism of moxibustion at stomach meridian acupoints for precancerous lesions of chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fifty male SD rats were randomly divided into a normal group, a model group, a stomach meridian group, a control point group and a vitacoenzyme group, 10 rats in each group. The CAG precancerous lesion model was made in all the groups except the normal group. The rats in the normal group and model group were bundled for 30 min per day; the rats in the stomach meridian group and control point group were bundled and treated with moxibustion at stomach meridian acupoints or control points for 30 min per day; the rats in the vitacoenzyme group were treated with intragastric administration of vitacoenzyme, once per day. All the treatment was given for 20 weeks. The pathological morphological change of gastric mucosa was observed under optical microscope; the expression of epidermal growth factor (EGF), transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-alpha), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), gastric mucosal proliferatig cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), argyrophilic protein of nucleolar organizer regions (Ag-NORs) in gastric mucosal cells were detected by enzyme linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the normal group, in the model group the gastric mucosal cells showed dysplasia and the expression of EGF, TGF-alpha, PCNA, VEGF, Ag-NORs in gastric mucosa cells in the model group was increased significantly (all P < 0.05). Compared with the model group, the gastric mucosa lesion gradually recovered and the expression of EGF, TGF-alpha, PCNA, VEGF, Ag-NORs in gastric mucosal cells was gradually decreased in the stomach meridian group, control point group and vitacoenzyme group, in which the stomach meridian group had the most significant effects (all P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Moxibustion at stomach meridian acupoints can obviously decrease the expression of cell proliferative factors in gastric mucosa in rats with CAG precancerous lesions, inhibit the gastric mucosal cell dysplasia, and promote the recovery of gastric mucosa.</p>

The clinical value of 3.0T MRI diffusion weighted imaging in diagnosing active sacroiliitis of ankylosing spondylitis / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To evaluate the value of diffusion weighted imaging (DWI)in diagnosing active sacroiliitis of ankylosing spondylitis(AS)Methods 63 cases with AS confirmed clinically were included.The patients were evaluated by Bath ankylosing spondylitis disease activity index (BASDAI)score and examined by MRI with oblique coronal DWI and STIR sequence in the sacroili-ac joint.The ADC value and Spondyloarthritis Research Consortium of Canada (SPARCC)score were measured in all patients.Cor-relative analysis was performed among BASDAI score,SPARCC score and ADC value.Patients were divided into activity and stability group according to the condition,which were compared with the ADC features of the sacroiliac joint in healthy volunteers.Results The Spearman correlation analysis showed that in patients SPARCC score and ADC values (r =0.781,P <0.001 ),BASDAI score and ADC values (r=0.854,P <0.001),SPARCC score and BASDAI score (r =0.805,P <0.001)were positively correlated.The median ADC values in the sacroiliac joint of activity group (0.704×10 -3 mm2/s)was higher than that in the stable group(0.543× 10 -3 mm2/ s )and the control group (0.431×10 -3 mm2/ s).The ADC values between the activity、stability and control group were statistically significant differences.Conclusion SPARCC score and DWI are important indexes for MRI evaluation of sacroiliac ar-thritis activity.DWI is a fast imaging sequence,can be quantified by measuring the ADC value of the lesion area,and is the ideal choice for sacroiliac joint imaging.

Meta-analysis of use of highly cross-linked and conventional polyethylene liners in total hip arthroplasty / 中华创伤杂志

Objective To assess whether highly cross-linked polyethylene liners are superior to conventional polyethylene liners in total hip arthroplasty (THA).Methods Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of highly cross-linked and conventional polyethylene liners in THA were retrieved from MEDLINE,PubMed,EMBASE,Cochrane Central,CBMdisc,CBM,and VIP.Until April 2012,reference lists of the included articles and related reviews were manually searched as supplements.Meta analysis was performed with RevMan 5.1.Mean difference (MD) was used to assess the linear wear rate in highly cross-linked group versus conventional group.Odds ratio (OR) was used to estimate the osteolysis and revision incidence in the two groups.Results Meta analysis indicated that the two-dimensional linear wear rate [MD =-0.08,95％ CI (-0.1,0.06),P ＜ 0.05],three-dimensional linear wear rate [MD=-0.15,95％CI (-0.22,0.08),P＜0.05],volumetric wear rate [MD=-53.03,95％ CI (-84.39,-21.67,P＜0.05],total linear wear [MD=-0.19,95％CI (-0.23,-0.15),P＜0.05],and osteolysis incidence [OR =0.23,95％ C1 (0.13,0.39),P ＜ 0.05] were significantly reduced in highly cross-linked group than in conventional group.There were no statistical differences between the two groups concerning the creep value of the polyethylene liners and revision incidence.Conclusions Highly cross-linked polyethylene liners for primary THA present a low incidence of wear and osteolysis.As the number and quality of the included studies are limited,a long-term follow-up of more large-sample and high-quality RCTs are needed to evidence the outcome.

Initial study of the degeneration of lumbar intervertebral discs by magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging / 中华放射学杂志

Objective To evaluate the earlier changes of degeneration discs in vivo using magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).Methods From September 2010 to March 2011,88 consecutive outpatients [age 16-63 years,mean age (37 ± 13) years] were enrolled in this study.The excluded criteria were as follows: spinal deformity,spinal tumors and post-operation of spine.The mean diffusion (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA) values on DTI images of 428 intervertebral discs which without susceptibility artifacts were measured.Fiber track (FT) images of annulus of intervertebral discs were analyzed.MD and FA were also measured on FT.The quartile and median were used to record the nonnormal distribution dates.The Chi-square test statistic was applied by SPSS1 1.0 software package.Results Annulus fibrosis type had closely related to the Pfirrmann grading.Three types were divided based on FT charts of degenerated intervertebral disc.Intact type was noted in 135 discs,Pfirrmann Ⅱ level has a high percentage(92 discs,68.15％) in this type; Scrambled type was noted in 195 discs,Pfirrmann Ⅲ and Ⅳ level were accounted for 63.07％ (123 discs) ; Conglomerate type was noted in 98 discs,the Pfirrmann Ⅳ and Ⅴ level were accounted for 83.68％ (82 discs) (Mantel-Haenszel test,x2 =183.90,P ＜ 0.01).Different annulus types had different MD and FA values.The median(range)of FA of complete,messy and clumps type fibrous ring were 0.32 (0.29-4.35),0.35 (0.33-0.38),0.54 (0.46-0.62).The corresponding median(range)of MD were 12.40(11.50-13.20) x 10-10,11.10(9.92-12.00) × 10-10,6.30(5.03-7.72) × 10-10 mm2/s.Scrambled annulus fibers had lower MD values and higher FA values,which had significant difference (x2 =219.74,243.88,P ＜0.01).Conclusions DTI is a non-invasive method to assess intervertebral disc structural changes in vivo.MD and FA values are helpful to evaluate the intervertebral disc degeneration.

Imaging appearance and clinical significance of the hyperextension injury at cervical spine / 中国矫形外科杂志

[Objective]To investigate imaginological evidences of hyperxtensive injury of cervical spine and to evaluate its use in clinics.[Method]Seventy-eight patients with hyperextension injury at cervical spine by different cause were estimated by radiograph、CT and MRI.Fifty-seven cases(73.1%) appeared with widen of soft tissue of anteriorspine,including focal type(17.5%) and diffused type(82.5%). Thirty-six cases showed avulsion fracture of anterior edge in the cervical spine. Sixty-three cases showed degeneration and developmental spinal stenosis,twenty-one cases appeared integral vertebral canal. No contrast CT scan showed osteophyte of thirty-seven cases and intervertebral discs degeneration and protrusion of twenty-one cases.Sixty-one cases(78.2%) with both disc and anterior-longitudinal-ligament injury showed by MRI,fifty-seven cases showed haematoma and oedema at the anterior of the vertebral body. Sixty-four cases accompanied with different spinal cord injury.[Result]Obvious imaging feature for hyperextension injury of cervical spine,including anterior longitudinal ligament,intervertebral disc and spinal cord were found.There exists good relationship between spinal cord injury and imaging appearance. Clinically it showed typical central syndrome,but mostly showed us neuron-functional disturbance of different degree.[Conclusion]Combining of imaginological apperarance including radiograph,CT,MRI can provide evidences for diagnosis of hyperextension and help to treat acute hyperextension cervical injury.

Multiple analysis of the relationship between correlation of gene function and expression by GeneHub software / 生物医学工程学杂志

GeneHub software developed by us can be applied to evaluate the significance of expression similarity of genes in each functional unit of different gene function classification systems, and thus to select experiment condition related gene functional units. With different expression similarity measurement and different experiment data, we have applied GeneHub to analyze the expression correlation of functional related genes classified respectively with gene chromosome location, celluar location and interaction, metabolic pathway and signal transduction pathway relationship of protein products of genes. Genes classified according to these multiple ways all showed significant experimental condition related co-expression in our analysis. Our results provide further evidence for the assumption that functional related genes express similarly, which is widely adopted in gene expression profile analysis.

Functional modules based organization for association rules of gene expression profiles in cancer cell lines / 第三军医大学学报

Objective To apply apriori algorithm to mine the gene expression profiles will produce a huge number of association rules.A new approach to organize the mined association rules on the modularized gene functional category level is proposed.Methods The association rules containing the genes frequently appearing in the head parts of all the association rules were selected and grouped together.The gene functional categories,which were non-randomly enriched with the genes in the body parts of each grouped association rules,were found with statistical test and were used to form the body parts of the functional modular level association rules.Results By applying this new method to NCI60 data set,some cancer associated genes and their related functional category level expression association rules were discovered.Conclusion Gene expression profiles of diseases can be efficiently mined by association rules on the modularized gene functional category level.

Analyzing servicing and studying on zero spot in H-300 transmission electron microscope / 中国医学物理学杂志

In this paper,we present analysis,servi-ce and study for zero grating in H-300.Transmission electron microscope made in Japan.It is well known that this kind of electron microscope have been used in most university and institute over twenty years, so all most of the electron microscope have problem in its dependability.In order to analyze and service the electron microscope,we make much efforts in the material chosen and the service technics,the experimental results show that our methods are available for servicing those electron microscope. Moreover,we discuss the failure of the electron microscope and the jointing crafts,these results are useful for those who works in this field.

Effect of sophoramine on T lymphocytes in rats of skin allografting / 中草药

Object In order to obtain further evidence of therapeutic efficacy of sophoramine (SA) *, its effect on transplantation rejection was studied with simultaneous exploration of its mechanism of action Methods Number of T lymphocyte and its sub sets of skin allografted rat model were determined by immunofluorescence technique, and proliferation of T lymphocyte was assessed by thiazolyl blue (MTT) assay Results SA reduced the CD 3 and C 4 cell counts, lowered CD 4/C 8 ratio, inhibited T lymphocyte proliferation and prolonged the survival time of skin allografted rat Conclusion SA could inhibit transplantation rejection by inhibiting the function of T lymphocyte with simultaneous reduction of lymphocyte count