Prevalence and risk factors associated with overweight and obesity in age group between 8 to 19 years in North India, a school based cross-sectional study

Background:The objective of this study was to observe association of demographic, lifestyle factors and Socio cultural and economic factors among children抯 and adolescents with overweight and obesity.Methods:Our study was cross sectional study, carried out in age group between 8 to 19 years of age from June to October 2019 in nine schools of district Baramulla, Jammu and Kashmir, North India. Body mass index (weight in kg/height in m2) was assessed to identify participants with (overweight/obese), CDC sex and age specific growth charts were used for assessment. Structured questionnaire was usedto collect information regarding socio-demographics and respondent抯 exposure to various risk factors.Results:In our study, among 354 participants study showed that 44.1% were boys and 55.9% were girls. Among these15.5% were overweight and 5.9% were obese in females, while as 7.9% were overweight and 2.5% were obese in males, thus showing female preponderance. Besides this physical activity, consumption of junk/fast foods along with watching TV and video games along with mother education and occupation were significantly associated with overweight and obesity in children抯 and adolescents.Conclusions:Having overweight parents along with limited exercise and Sedentary activities along with physical inactivity compounded by erratic eating habits with overweight parents are main risk factors leading to overweight and obesity in school going children抯 and adolescents in north Kashmir, India.

Etiology and clinical spectrumofacuteundifferentiated fever illness in patients in atertiary care hospital Sheri Kashmir institute of medicalscience Soura, Jammu and Kashmir

Background:Current study aimed at s to delineate the etiology and clinical parameters associated with AUFIpresenting toemergency department in atertiary care hospital.Methods:This wasa prospectivehospital based study carried out atemergency medicine, SKIMS hospital, SouraKashmir, IndiaJuly2017 toaugust 2018. Patients with acute undifferentiated fever were enrolled. Descriptive statistics were calculated in terms of mean盨D for continuous variables like age of the patients and duration of fever, Frequency and percentage were used to analyse categorical variables such as causes of fever and gender, while as descriptive analysis was calculated in terms of mean盨D for continuous variables like ageof the patients and duration of fever.Results:Totalnumbers of patients included were 174, among these 112 (64.3%) were males and 62 (35.6%) were females. Most patientswere diagnosedenteric fever (N=59, 33.9%)followed byUTI (N=25, 14.3%) dengue (N=12, 6.8%) and malaria (N=8, 4.5%)while rest of cases were associated with other viral illnesses (N=70, 40.5%)based on clinicalbasisand inconclusive laboratory results.Conclusions:Enteric fever was found to be the most commoncause of acute undifferentiated fever followed by dengue andother viral illnesses, althoughcauses and clinic spectrumof AUFI is varied.