Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation for Articular Cartilage Defect of Femoral Condyle / 대한정형외과학회잡지

PURPOSE: To evaluate the midterm clinical and histological results after autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) for an articular cartilage defect of the distal femoral condyle. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty four cases with an articular cartilage defect (Outerbridge grade IV) of the femoral condyle that was confirmed by MRI and the arthroscopic findings underwent ACI. Their mean age at the time of surgery was 42.8 years and the mean follow-up period was 53.2 months (range, 20-82 months). At the last follow up, the articular cartilage view (SPGR) of MRI was examined and the clinical results were evaluated using the HSS and Lysholm scores. In 8 cases, second-look arthroscopy and biopsy were performed and evaluated using histological and histochemical methods. RESULTS: All cases except for one showed well-regenerated articular cartilage on MRI. All cases showed significant clinical improvement in the HSS and Lysholm scores (p<0.0001), with the exception of the Lysholm score of an articular cartilage fracture. Histologically, the regenerated tissue appeared to be a hyaline-like cartilage in all specimens. CONCLUSION: ACI for the treatment of articular cartilage defects of the distal femoral condyle showed a good clinical and MRI results. In OA, the clinical results were relatively acceptable after an associated high tibial valgus osteotomy. However, a longer term follow-up study will be needed to reach a final conclusion.

Arthroscopic Treatment for Acute or Subacute Patellar Dislocation

PURPOSE: The acute or subacute patellar dislocation is frequently neglected. Arthoscopy has provided a new method of both diagnosis and treatment of the patellofemoral instability. In our series, we performed proximal realignment including lateral retinacular release and medial capsular imbrication under arthroscopic alone on the patients who had normal skeletal alignment with Q angle less than 20 degree. The clinical and radiographic results of the procedure was assessed. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 21 knees in 20 patients were evaluated at an average 36 months following arthroscopic procedures alone. The average patient's age was 25 years old and the mean follow-up period was 18 months. The patients had been treated surgically after conservative management for mean three weeks from initial trauma. Medial patellar osteochondral fractures and loose bodies in 7 knees of 6 patients and osteochondral defect of lateral femoral condyle in 1 knee of 1 patient were confirmed radialologically and intraoperatively. We performed additional treatments for the associated disease. The radiologic results of Insall-Salvati index, congruence angle for subluxation and lateral patellofemoral angle (LPFA) for tilt on preoperative, postoperative and last follow-up and clinical outcome were assessed, according to Crosby and Insall's criteria. RESULTS: Congruence angle(+10.8 to -0.5), LPFA(+7.2 to -7.3) and Insall-Salvati index(0.82 to 1.05) were radiologically normalized. Clinically, results were excellent to good results in 19 knees(90.5%). CONCLUSION: The arthroscopic proximal realignment was done by minimal surgical exposure and was effective on relief of the patellofemoral pain after acute or subacute dislocation, it also proved the less pain, rapid rehabilitation and ability to diagnose the other intraarticular disorders.

Arthroscopic Treatment of Tibia Intercondylar Eminence Comminuted Fracture Used Number 5-nonabsobable Suture Material

PURPOSE: To evaluate effect of modified arthroscopic pull-out suture technique which used number 5-nonabsorbable suture material for tibia intercondylar eminence comminuted fractures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: There were 21 cases of tibia intercondylar emimence fracture which arthroscopic treated at our hospital between 1999 and 2004. However the study population only included 12 cases in which a number 5-nonabsorbable suture material (Ethibond No. 5) was used for tibia intercondylar eminence comminuted fractures and minimum 1-year follow-up has gone. The average follow-up period was 18.5 months (range, 12 to 42 months). Lachman test and KT-2000 athrometer test were evaluated at the pre-and post-operation. Clinical results of all patients were evaluated with the Meyers and Mckeever 's criteria. RESULTS: In all 12 cases, the normal range of motion and sports activities were recovered at the final follow-up. When tested for anterior instability with KT-2000 arthrometer, there were no different between normal knee and operated knee. Clinical results by Meyers and Mckeever's criteria were excellent in 10 patients and good in 2 patients. CONCLUSION: We obtained early mobilization and stable fixation in modified arthroscopic pullout suture technique for tibia intercondylar eminence comminuted fractures. Patients can early return to his job. This technique seems to be one of the effective operative techniques for treatment of tibia intercondylar eminence comminuted fractures.

Change of Morphologic Pelvis According to Age in Korean Women : Radiologic Study / 체질인류학회지

The morphological change of pelvis in obstetrical part is very important for the partruition and its analysis is also critical in anthropological part studying the morphological differences between male and female pelvises by age. The measurement of dry bones is currently used for analyzing the changes, but this method has some difficulties including in sampling the dry bones. To solve this problem and analyze the morphological changes of pelvis accurately, we used the X -ray photographic films showing whole pelvis, vertebrae, and femur. The whole pelvis and proximal femur's X -ray photographies were taken from 506 individuals who were over 20 - year old age, non -pregnant, and normal posture Korean females. And the several values from the photographies were measured for analysis including maximum pelvic breadth (MPB), sacral breadth (SB), transverse diameter of pelvic inlet (TD), distance between ischial spines (ISD), distance between femoral heads (IHD), and distance between greater trochanters of femur (ITD). The results revealed that the TD values were highly correlated to other pelvic items, but not to ages, suggesting that TD is not anatomically changed to the correlation of parturition times. Also, the IHD values were highly related to the ITD and TD values, but the ISD values had relatively low correlations with MPB and ITD values. Depending on ages, the MPB values were gradually increased, while the ITD values were gradually decreased, indicating that these morphological changes of pelvis by ages are reflecting an aging process.

Secular Changes of Cephalic Index in Korean Adults / 체질인류학회지

From the beginning of the twentieth century to the present, human head has been changed from an anteroposteriorly long shape to a short one. This phenomenon is called "brachycephalization" Somatometric data showed the rapid brachycephalization of Korean in twentieth century. The causes of brachycephalizaion have not been yet fully elucidated. Secular trends of head length, head breadth were studied. Height was added for comparison. A sample of 1,568 Korean adults was measured. The cephalic index was calculated and compared with the previous reported data. The head length and head breadth were increased continually during the last hundred years. But the latter was more increased than the former. Therefore, the increase of head breadth has been thought to be the main cause of brachycephalization. The pattern of secular changes of cephalic index of Koreans showed close relation to that in height. These findings were more evident in females than in males.

Development of Search Engine related to Korean Physical Anthropology Data by Internet / 체질인류학회지

By finding the documents of Korean physical anthropology in one place easily, everyone can use them fruitfully. We developed internet site to search them, which published from early 20th century to present days. We also analyzed documents of physical anthropology and databased the tables which is considered to be kernel of results. The advantage of this internet site is followings. We classified the documents of physical anthropology by body regions and we also classified them in detail to reach them easily. The documents are also divided into materials and its methods to search conveniently. Everyone can search a data by classification and also by using a keyword they can find document or data. There are 3 steps to search. First step is searching the title of document and author, second step is searching the name of table including the first step and the last step is searching items in table. If they don't know the contents they can search data by index. We added some pictures and explanations to restore the document or table, which are difficult and hard to understand the point. By these additions, we could understand them briefly. We could quote from past data and also we could easily compare previous data with ours by using this search engine.