Mapping of Multiple Genetic Alteration Sites of Cervical Carcinomas by Comparative Genomic Hybridization / 대한부인종양콜포스코피학회잡지

Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH) is a recently developed molecular cytogenetic technique, which makes it possible to detect chromosomal alteration in solid tumors. To determine whether chromosome alterations are related to cervical carcinoma, we have analyzed 33 cases (24 squamous cell carcinomas and 9 adenocarcinomas, stage Ib-IIIb) from tumor tissues and paraffin embedded tissues by CGH. The cut off value of CGH profiles was 1.15 and 0.85 (green/red ratio). Chromosomal aberrations were detected in 30 out of 33 cases (90.9%). In 32 cases, chromosome 3q was most frequently affected and had greater copy numbers in 20 of tbe 33 cases (60.6%). Interestingly, out of those 20 cases, 10 cases were shown to have a high-level of amplification of chr 3q. In addition to chr 3q, chromosomal gains were observed in chr 1q, 1p, 5p, Sq, 12p, 15q, 19q, 20q, Xp, and Xq. Furthermore chromosomal loss was detected, most commonly in chromosome 11q (11/33). Although less frequent, common losses were also detected in chr 2q, 4p, 4q, Sq, 1 1p, 17p, and 18p. In addition, there were cases of gross chromosome loss for chr 4, 6, 10, 11, 13, 14, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22 and X. In cases involving whole arm deletion, we utilized fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using specific probes a-satellite. We performed HPV typing for 16 and 18 usiag polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Southem blot analyses. Out of 33 tumor samples, 24 cases (72,7%) were HPV 16 positive, while only 6 cases were positive for HPV 18. two cases were positive for both HPV 16 and 18. We believe that a gain of chromosome 3q as a reeurrent chromosomal aberration may contribute to the tumorigenesis of cervical cancer. However, we could not correlate a pattern of chromosomal aberration with tumor stage or histologic type in cervical cancer.

Clinicopathologic Analysis of Four Cases of Primary Ovarian and Parovarian Transitional Cell Carcinoma / 대한부인종양콜포스코피학회잡지

Four cases of primary transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) arising in the ovary (3 cases) and the parovarium (1 case) were collected for clinicopathologic analysis. The mean age was 46.2 years (range, 39-57 years). Two patients complained abdominal discomfort and vaginal discharge, respectively. Other 2 cases were incidentally found from routine check. Grossly, the tumors were solid and cystic (2 cases), solid (1 case) and surface papillary growth on capsule (1 case). Microscopically, the tumor showed almostly same to the histologic features of TCC of urinary bladder. Three cases were pure TCC, and one was mixed TCC and serous carcinoma. FIGO stage were 1 IIa, 2 IIc, and 1 IIIc. Treatment was surgery with adjuvant chemotherapy. Two patients are alive with no evidence of disease, and two have lung or brain metastasis.

3 Cases of Synchronous Primary Carcinomas / 대한부인종양콜포스코피학회잡지

Three cases of synchronous carcinomas of endometrium-fallopian tube, endometrium-cervix and endometrium-ovary are reported. Case 1 is endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinoma with FIGO stageIb, Grade 2 and tubal serous adenocarcinoma with FIGO stage Ib, Grade 2. Case 2 is endometrial serous carcinoma with FIGO stage Ilb and squamous cell carcinoma with FIGO stage Ial. Case 3 is endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinoma with FIGO stage Ia, Grade 1 and ovarian mucinous adenocarcinoma with FIGO stage IIIa, Grade 2. There is much confroversy with respect to staging and management of such cases since these tumors may represent either two synchronously occuring primaries or single primary with metastases. It is suggested that when each tumor is different histological subtype the tumors may be considered as two separate primaries and treatment may be less aggressive. It may be a favorable prognosis. The authors present three cases of synchronous carcinomas with a review of literature.

Comparative Genomic Hybridization Analysis of Fetal Chromosomal Aberrations

Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) can now be applied to detect the origin of extra or missing chromosomal material in cases with common unbalanced aberrations and in prenatal investigations. This method has been used in 13 cases of fetal samples for this study; 3 for amniocytes, 2 for cord blood and 8 for abortus tissues. These samples were previously subjected to GTG-banding. Our study showed aneuploidy in 8 cases, and partial monosomy, partial trisomy or marker chromosome in the remaining 5. The CGH disclosed further small genetic imbalances in 4 of all 13 cases: a prenatal sample showing del(20)(q13) by GTG confirmed a loss of the segment 20p13-pter by CGH; a marker chromosome manifested normal CGH profile; chromosome der(?)(?;15) found in an abortus sample by GTG turned out to be a loss of 15pter-q14 (partial monosomy) and a gain of 10pter-q22 (partial trisomy); the der(15) shown by GTG represented partial trisomy of 3q24-qter. These findings show that CGH is very useful and efficient for cytogenetic investigations of clinical cases.