RESUMO
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy （DPN） is one of the common complications of diabetes. The disease has a long course with nerve pain and other symptoms， seriously affecting the quality of life of patients. DPN is related to high glucose in vivo， inflammation， oxidative stress， apoptosis， and autophagy， involving phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B （PI3K/Akt）， Janus kinase （JAK）/signal transducer and activator of transcription （STAT）， nuclear factor-κB （NF-κB）， mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK）， and other signaling pathways. At present， the treatment of DPN mainly focuses on symptomatic treatments such as blood glucose control and neurotrophic therapy， but the effect is not ideal. Therefore， it is particularly important to select a reasonable and effective drug to prevent and treat DPN. In recent years， Chinese medicine has played an important role in the treatment of DPN. Many studies have explored the mechanism of Chinese medicine in the treatment of DPN， and it has been found that some Chinese medicine monomers and compounds can regulate signaling pathways to prevent and treat DPN. This paper reviewed the research results of signaling pathways involved in DPN and the regulation of related pathways by Chinese medicine， aiming to provide references for the clinical treatment of DPN.
RESUMO
Objective To analyze the differences of clinical results between CAS and routine NCAS localization in TKA and to evaluate the safety and reliability of CAS in TKA in order to take advantages and avoid disadvantages of this new technology.Methods From October of 2004 to October of 2005,18 cases(20 joints)of TKA in Group Ⅰ which were perform utilizing computer assisted imaging guidance system(CAS)and there were 7 males and 11 females with an average age of 67 years.From October of 2003 to October of 2004,17 cases(22 joints)of TKA in Group Ⅱ which were performed with conventional method previously(NCAS)and there were 5 males and 12 females with an average age of 65 years(56-78).The differences between two groups in clinical results,mechanical axes,soft-tissues balance,coincidence,blood loss,and operating time were statistically analyzed.Results All cases were followed for an average of 10 months(3-12).The mechanical axes error was 2-3 degrees in CAS group and 3-6 degrees in NCAS group.Soft-tissues balance angle was within 2 degree in CAS group and 2-4 degrees in NCAS group.The distance variable was 2-4 mm in CAS group and 5-7 mm in NCAS group.The blood loss was 550-700 ml in CAS group and 700-900 ml in NCAS group.The surgery time was 75-100 min in CAS group and 45-60 min in NCAS group.There were statistically significant differences between two groups.There were no major complications such as fat embolism occurred in both groups.Conclusion Utilizing computer assisted imaging guidance in TKA can obtain reliable and sound clinical results with better mechanical axes and soft-tissues balance.It is a safe and reliable procedure in TKA.