Comparative Evaluation of Influence of Three Different Obturation Techniques on Removal of Filling Material during Retreatment: An in vitro Study

Aim:To evaluate the influence of various obturating techniques on retreatment teeth.Place and Duration of Study:Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Institute of Dental Sciences, Jammu and Kashmir, India between December 2019 and February 2020.Methodology:Sixty extracted mandibular premolars were randomly divided into three groups (n=20) based on the obturation technique adopted which endodontic treatment i.e., cold lateral compaction, thermoplasticized and GuttaFlow techniques. The samples were evaluated using micro-computed tomography for the volume before and after the retreatment to assess the remaining amount of filling material in the canals, and also the time taken for the removal offilling material during the retreatment. Data were analyzed using ANOVA followed by Post hoc test at P < 0.05.Results:The percentage of remaining filling material was between 17%-27%. The highest percentage of remaining filling material was seen in samples obturated with GuttaFlow (P < 0.05). The time required for retreatment was highly significant in thermoplasticized technique (P < 0.05).Conclusion:The type of obturatingtechnique influenced the amount of filling material remained in the canal after retreatment and also the time taken during this removal.

Male and Female Patient’s Evaluation of Different Types of Restorations on the Anterior Teeth

Background: In this sense, the beauty of smile is a correlation between teeth, gingiva, and lips. In daily clinical practice,esthetics of anterior teeth is a common presenting complaint of patients, which is affected by caries, malformation, anatomicalteration, discoloration/staining, and hypoplastic defects.Aims and Objectives: The aim of the present study is to evaluate the level of patient’s satisfaction with the appearance ofmaxillary anterior teeth restoration with regard to gender.Materials and Methods: The participants were surveyed by means of a questionnaire containing questions about gender, age,and education level. The age of patients was recorded. A total of 150 subjects participated in the study (58 men, mean age32 years; and 92 women, mean age 35 years). All participants had composite filling restorations, acrylic faceted metal crowns,porcelain-fused-to-metal crowns, or all-ceramic crowns on maxillary anterior teeth.Results: Test for independent samples showed that there was a statistically significant gender difference in patients’ assessmentof color and surface texture for composite fillings and overall patients’ average assessment score for color of all assessments(P < 0.05).Conclusion: Women in this study were less satisfied with the color and surface texture of their composite fillings and all colorassessments (P < 0.05). Their general impression of the maxillary anterior teeth restorations was lower as well (P = 0.054).

Incidence of Apical Periodontitis and Frequency of Root Canal Treatments in Geriatric and Medically Compromised Patients in Jammu Population

Background: With the increase in life expectancy, there has been rise in cases of apical periodontitis. The present study was conducted to assess the prevalence of apical periodontitis and root canal treatment among the elderly and medically compromised patients in the Jammu population. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted on 150 elderly patients with deep carious teeth of both genders. An equal number of healthy subjects was also recruited. Patients were divided into two groups: Group I was medically compromised patients with apical periodontitis and Group II was healthy subjects with apical periodontitis. Periapical status was scored based on the periapical index. Results: Group I had 95 and Group II had 60 patients with more than 1 periapical lesion. Group II had 110 and Group I had 48 patients with 1 periapical lesion with at least one obturated tooth. The difference was significant (P < 0.05). There was a nonsignificant difference between Groups I and II with more than 1 periapical lesions with at least one obturated tooth (P > 0.05). More than 1 periapical lesion was seen more in renal and respiratory patients (45), 1 periapical lesion with at least one obturated tooth was seen more one diabetic patients (22). The difference was non-significant (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The authors found that medically compromised patients have more periapical lesions with radiographic evidence. They have a lower frequency of obturated teeth than healthy subjects.

Awareness among Patients of Jammu Regarding Dental Implants as Treatment Option for Replacement of Missing Teeth

Background: Dental implant has gained importance over the last few years. The higher success rate of dental implants with>95% survival in 5 years is considered a successful dental implant therapy. The present study was conducted to assessawareness among the population of Jammu regarding dental implants as a treatment option for missing teeth.Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted on 580 patients visiting the department for replacement of missingteeth. Patients were provided with a questionnaire and asked to respond to it.Results: Of 580 patients, males were 350 and females were 230. We found that 30% were aware of RPD as options for missingteeth, 25% of FPD, and 30% of dental implants and 15% all of the above options. The source of information regarding dentalimplants was friends in 0%, dentists in 70%, and social media in 20%; 80% were well informed regarding dental implants bythe dentist and 10% moderately well. Reason for opting for dental implants was high success rate in 65%, esthetics in 20%,and function in 15%, the reason for not opting for dental implants was cost in 55%, long treatment time in 30% and need forsurgery in 15%, 40% replied that everyone should opt for dental implants, 35% replied rich patients, and 25% replied, theyI do not know. About 60% replied that it demands special treatment and care, 20% replied no, and 20% replied that I do notknow. About 60% think that the main complication of dental implants was a failure, infection by 30%, and I do not know by10%. About 68% replied that they would recommend friends/family about dental implants, 12% replied no, and 20% I do notknow. Suggestion to make people aware of dental implants was dental education by camps by 18%, newspapers by 24%, anddental awareness by dentists by 58%.Conclusion: The authors found that patients had sufficient awareness regarding dental implants as a treatment option formissing teeth

Comparative Evaluation of Sealing Ability of Newer Materials Used As Dentin Substitutes in Class II Sandwich Restorations: An In Vitro Study

Introduction: Even with the advances and innovations inrestorative dentistry, microleakage is regarded one of the mainproblems in this area.Objective: To evaluate in vitro marginal microleakage ofBiodentine, Fuji II LC and SDR at the cervical level and at theinterface these materials with Tetric N Ceram Bulk fillcomposite and also to note the marginal microleakage whenthese materials were used as bulk fill materials.Materials and Methods: Cavities, standardized on the mesialand distal surfaces, were prepared in thirty molars andrandomly assigned to two groups (n = 30), according to themode of restoration done.Goup1 (control) in which testmaterials were used as bulk fill. These were further subdividedinto subgroups according to the material. SG1: Biodentine(SEPTODONT); SG2: Fuji II LC (GC); SG3: SDR (Dentsply).Group2 (experimental) in which test materials used as dentinsubstituent in class II sandwich technique followed byrestoration with Tetric N Ceram (Ivoclar vivadent). These werealso divided into subgroups, SG4: Biodentine + Tetric NCeram; SG5: Fuji II LC + Tetric N Ceram; SG6: SDR + Tetric NCeram. After storage for 24 hours in an incubator (37 °C), thesamples were submitted to the thermocycling test (500 cycles:5 °C/55 °C). They were later waterproofed, immersed in 1%methylene blue solution and sectioned in the mesialdistal direction for evaluation under stereomicroscope at 30xmagnification (Nikon SMZ 1500 Zoom Stereomicroscope)Scores from 0 to 3 using the ISO microleakage scoring system(ISO/TS 11405:2003). The ANOVA Test and Post- hoc Test,with a significance level of 5%, were used for statisticalanalysis.Conclusion: The study concluded that SDR (SD 2.38) showedthe least amount of microleakage both at the occlusal and atthe cervical levels in open sandwich restorations and alsowhen used as bulk fill materials as compared with Biodentine(SD 1.73) and Fuji II LC (SD 1.00).

Comparative Evaluation of Mechanical Failure of Different Rotary Endodontic Files: An SEM Study

Conventional endodontic instruments make the intracanalprocedures versatile with more efficiency and minimumcomplication. The development of microfractures in the I-RaCeNickel-Titanium rotary (NTR) file and ProFile NTR file wasevaluated by using Scanning electron microscopy (SEM).Thirty six maxillary buccal roots and thirty six mandibularmesial roots with an average canal curvature of 37° wereassigned to each group and prepared with 21mm, 0.04 taperNTR files as follows: (1) I-RaCe (2) ProFile. File sizes 0.06 to0.04 were used in a crown-down technique to a master apicalfile (MAF) size of 0.04/25. The MAF instruments wereevaluated by SEM before use, after completion of 7 canals,and after completion of 14 canals. All I-RaCe instrumentsdeveloped microfrcatures by the seven canal evaluation. TheProFile instruments showed no microfrctures at the 7-or-14canal evaluations. I-RaCe files separated at a higher rate thanProFile instruments. Under the conditions of this study, uniquefile design and electropolishing did not inhibit the developmentof microfractures in I-RaCe NTR.