Global development trend of ECMO based on utility patent analysis / 医疗卫生装备

The global patent data on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO)in IncomPat Global Patent Database as of August 29,2022 were retrieved.The development trend and layout of ECMO industry were analyzed in terms of global patent application trend,patent distribution,patent technology,major patent applicants and their patent layout.Some suggestions were put forward for the innovation and development of ECMO industry in China so as to provide references for the formulation of national industrial policy,planning of industry technology direction and enterprise technology research and development and patent layout.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2023,44(10):68-75]

A case report of infection of Mycobacterium senegalense after abdominal liposuction / 中国热带医学

@#Abstract: Mycobacterium senegalense is one of the major pathogens causing bovine farcy, and reports of its infection in human are rare. Here is a report on a woman who had been taking hormones and immunosuppressants for a long time for SLE and underwent abdominal soft tissue infection with Mycobacterium senegalense after abdominal liposuction, to provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment. The patient, female, 32 years old, has a history of SLE for more than 2 years, and currently takes "methylprednisolone, hydroxychloroquine, and mycophenolate mofetil" regularly. Nine months before the patient was admitted to the hospital, she once performed abdominal, waist and buttock liposuction in a medical beauty institution. One month after the operation, several masses gradually appeared on the abdominal wall, accompanied by tenderness, one of the masses had obvious fluctuation on palpation and purulent fluid could be drawn out. The location of the abdominal wall mass was consistent with the insertion site of the liposuction needle. After the onset of the disease, the patient went to the medical beauty institution for puncture of the abdominal wall mass, and 5 mL of purulent fluid was pierced and sent for bacterial culture, and cultured "Mycobacterium Senegalense", after 3 days of treatment with "cephalosporin" antibiotics (specifically unknown), the symptoms did not improve, so she went to the second affiliated hospital of hainan medical college. After completing the relevant examinations during the hospitalization in our hospital, in order to clarify the etiology, another abdominal puncture to extract pus was performed, the mycobacterial culture + identification results: Mycobacterium senegalense. Consistent with the out-of-hospital results, the diagnosis of Mycobacterium senegalense infection was confirmed. After 3 months of treatment with "cefoxitin, azithromycin, amikacin, and levofloxacin", the patient's abdominal wall soft tissue infection was cured. Trauma or invasive procedures can lead to skin, muscle, or bone infection with nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), which can manifest as chronic painless nodules that progress to purulent folliculitis and abscesses. NTM infection should be suspected when the patient's wound has been exposed to water, there is a history of surgery, and empirical anti-infection is ineffective. This is the first case of Mycobacterium senegalense infection caused by medical beauty, which tell people that they should be cautious when choosing medical aesthetic projects and medical aesthetic institutions.

Design and application of auxiliary isolation device of cupping therapy for cross-infection prevention / 中国针灸

An auxiliary isolation device of cupping therapy for cross-infection prevention is designed to reduce the disinfection steps and be against cross transmission. This device is composed of a disposable isolation unit made of fire proof plastic material and a disposable cup-mouth fixator made of elastic material. The disposable isolation unit includes two parts, the cup neck isolation unit and the inner isolation unit of fire cup. These two parts connect with the disposable cup-mouth fixator. All of those three sections of the device are center-connected ring-like structure. This device can well prevent the direct contact of fire cup with the patient's skin surface, characterized as safety protection, simple operation and saving time and manpower.

A multicenter epidemiological investigation of brain injury in hospitalized preterm infants in Anhui, China / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the risk factors for brain injury in preterm infants by a multicenter epidemiological investigation of brain injury in hospitalized preterm infants in Anhui, China.@*METHODS@#Preterm infants who were hospitalized in the department of neonatology in 9 hospitals of Anhui Neonatal Collaboration Network between January 2016 and January 2017 were enrolled as subjects. The data of maternal pregnancy and clinical data of preterm infants were collected, and the logistic regression model was used to analyze the risk factors for brain injury in preterm infants.@*RESULTS@#A total of 3 378 preterm infants were enrolled. Of the 3 378 preterm infants, 798 (23.56%) had periventricular-intraventricular hemorrhage (PVH-IVH), and 88 (2.60%) had periventricular leukomalacia (PVL). Intrauterine distress, anemia, hypoglycemia and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) were risk factors for PVH-IVH (OR=1.310, 1.591, 1.835, and 3.310 respectively; P<0.05), while a higher gestational age was a protective factor against PVH-IVH (OR=0.671, P<0.05). PVH-IVH, NEC and mechanical ventilation were risk factors for PVL (OR=4.017, 3.018, and 2.166 respectively; P<0.05), and female sex and use of pulmonary surfactant were protective factors against PVL (OR=0.514 and 0.418 respectively; P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Asphyxia/anoxia, infection/inflammation, mechanical ventilation, anemia and hypoglycemia may increase the risk of brain injury in preterm infants.

Mesenchymal stem cells transplantation:A new therapeu-tic strategy for liver failure / 医学研究生学报

Liver failure is a severe clinical syndrome and hitherto lack of effective treatment. Large numbers of studies have shown that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs),especially umbilical cord MSCs,have a therapeutic effect on acute liver failure. Yet,the homing of MSCs in vivo affects the effectiveness of engraftment. The author presents an overview of the results of recent basic and clini-cal studies on the treatment of liver failure with MSCs and proposes a direction of development in this field,hoping to give some enlight-enment to the postgraduates and clinicians of hepatology.

Construction of NTCP-Huh7 cell lines and their susceptibility to HBV / 医学研究生学报

ObjectiveThe transient expression of the functional receptor sodium taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (NTCP) leads to the inefficiency and instability of the hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated hepatocellular carcinoma cell model. The aim of this study was to construct NTCP-Huh7 cell lines by transfecting GV358-NTCP into Huh7 cells and identify their susceptibility to HBV.MethodsThe recombinant plasmid GV358-NTCP was obtained by ligation of GV358 and NTCP, and then transfected into Huh7 cells for the construction of NTCP-Huh7 cells. The NTCP-Huh7 cells (NTCP-Huh7 group) and Huh7 cells (Huh7 group) were infected with HBV and co-incubated with HBV for 18 hours, and the co-incubation was continued after change of the culture medium. At 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 days of incubation, the supernatant and cells were collected for measurement of the contents of HBsAg, HBeAg, HBcAg and HBV DNA in the supernatant and HBV cccDNA in the cells as well as for determination of HBV susceptibility of the NTCP-Huh7 recombinant cells.ResultsWestern blot showed stably expressed NTCP proteins in the NTCP-Huh7 cells. At 8 days of incubation, the levels of HBsAg and HBeAg were significantly higher in the NTCP-Huh7 group (0.866±0.040 and 0.603±0.053) than in the Huh7 group (0.237±0.063 and 0.209±0.112) (P<0.05), reaching the peak at 8 days and also remarkably higher in the former than in the latter group at 4, 6 and 10 days (P < 0.05). So were the levels of HBV DNA and HBV cccDNA in the NTCP-Huh7 than in the Huh7 group at 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 days (P < 0.05). Immunofluorescence assay revealed the core antigen of HBV in the NTCP-Huh7 but not in Huh7 cells.ConclusionNTCP-Huh7 cells obtained by transfection of the GV358-NTCP recombinant plasmid into Huh7 cells are susceptible to HBV infection.

Clinical efficacy of compound glycyrrhizin tablets in the treatment of children with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease / 中国当代儿科杂志

Department of Pediatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China. zhuchuanlong@jsph.org.cn.

Breeding and identification of Wuzhishan miniature pigs with α-1,3-galactosyltransferase gene-knockout / 器官移植

To summarize the breeding and identification of Wuzhishan miniature pig models with α-l,3-galactosyltransferase (GGTA1) gene-knockout (GTKO).Methods The breeding and reproduction perform of GTKO Wuzhishan miniature pigs were assessed and the quantity of piglets was counted.The GTKO Wuzhishan miniature pig models with GGTA1gene knockout were validated by polymerase chain reaction(PCR).The αGal phenotype of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in human,wild-type Wuzhishan miniature pigs and GTKO Wuzhishan miniature pigs was detected by fluorescent microscope and flow cytometry.Routine blood test parameters were statistically compared between the GTKO and wild-type Wuzhishan miniature pigs.Results The inheritance of GGTA1 genotype complied with Mendel's law.Flow cytometry detected no fluorescent expression of PBMC in GGTA1-/-pig models,which were consistent with the genotype identification results.The mean piglets of the primiparous GTKO Wuzhishan miniature pigs were (6.8±1.8) and (8.3±2.2) for the multiparous Wuzhishan miniature pigs.No statistical significance was noted in routine blood test parameters between the GTKO and wild-type Wuzhishan miniature pigs (all P＞0.05).Conclusions Stable inheritance and normal reproductive capacity are observed in two generations of Wuzhishan miniature pigs continuously.GTKO Wuzhishan miniature pig is a reliable donor for heterogeneous organ transplantation.

Dynamic Alterations in Microarchitecture, Mineralization and Mechanical Property of Subchondral Bone in Rat Medial Meniscal Tear Model of Osteoarthritis / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>The properties of subchondral bone influence the integrity of articular cartilage in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA). However, the characteristics of subchondral bone alterations remain unresolved. The present study aimed to observe the dynamic alterations in the microarchitecture, mineralization, and mechanical properties of subchondral bone during the progression of OA.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A medial meniscal tear (MMT) operation was performed in 128 adult Sprague Dawley rats to induce OA. At 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks following the MMT operation, cartilage degeneration was evaluated using toluidine blue O staining, whereas changes in the microarchitecture indices and tissue mineral density (TMD), mineral-to-collagen ratio, and intrinsic mechanical properties of subchondral bone plates (BPs) and trabecular bones (Tbs) were measured using micro-computed tomography scanning, confocal Raman microspectroscopy and nanoindentation testing, respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Cartilage degeneration occurred and worsened progressively from 2 to 12 weeks after OA induction. Microarchitecture analysis revealed that the subchondral bone shifted from bone resorption early (reduced trabecular BV/TV, trabecular number, connectivity density and trabecular thickness [Tb.Th], and increased trabecular spacing (Tb.Sp) at 2 and 4 weeks) to bone accretion late (increased BV/TV, Tb.Th and thickness of subchondral bone plate, and reduced Tb.Sp at 8 and 12 weeks). The TMD of both the BP and Tb displayed no significant changes at 2 and 4 weeks but decreased at 8 and 12 weeks. The mineral-to-collagen ratio showed a significant decrease from 4 weeks for the Tb and from 8 weeks for the BP after OA induction. Both the elastic modulus and hardness of the Tb showed a significant decrease from 4 weeks after OA induction. The BP showed a significant decrease in its elastic modulus from 8 weeks and its hardness from 4 weeks.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The microarchitecture, mineralization and mechanical properties of subchondral bone changed in a time-dependent manner as OA progressed.</p>

Differential time attachment: optimization of the adherent time to obtain mouse bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells / 生理学报

The different biological functions were studied in mouse bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells isolated by differential time attachment to obtain the optimal adherent time in this study. Density gradient centrifugation-isolated bone marrow mononuclear cells were seeded on the fibronectin-coated dish. The 1-day cultured unattached cells were seeded on the second dish for 2 more days. Then unattached cells in the second dish were seeded on the third dish. The cells on 3 dishes were defined as 1-day adherent cells, 3-day adherent cells and 3-day unattached cells, respectively. After 20-day culture, the biological functions, such as the percentage of biomarkers, the ability of adhesion, and the ability of forming tubes in vitro were analyzed. The results showed that the percentages of positive CD34, FLK-1, and CD34/FLK-1 expressions in 1-day attached cells were significantly increased compared to those in the 3-day adherent or unattached cells (P < 0.01), which showed the strongest adhesion ability. The expression of eNOS in 1- or 3-day adherent cells was significantly higher than that in 3-day unattached cells (P < 0.01). The expression of VEGF in 3-day adherent cells was significantly higher than that in 1-day adherent cells or 3-day unattached cells (P < 0.01). These results suggest the biological functions of 1-day adherent cells are significantly stronger than that of 3-day adherent or unattached cells. VEGF expression in 3-day adherent cells is higher than that in 1-day adherent cells or 3-day unattached cells. The expression of eNOS in 1-day adherent cells or 3-day adherent cells is higher than that in 3-day unattached cells. The optimal adherent time to obtain mouse bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells is 1-3 d.