RESUMO
In recent years, research on immunotherapy has made great progress. Currently, immunotherapy has made significant breakthrough, especially programmed death 1/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) checkpoint inhibitors (e.g, Nivolumab, Pembrolizumab, Atezolizumab, Durvalumab and Avelumab, etc.) have brought clinical benefits to patients with various pathological types of lung cancer, including squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma and small cell lung cancer. In this paper, the application value and current status of PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint inhibitors in lung cancer were comprehensively analyzed by reviewing and interpreting representative clinical studies. Based on the results of various large-scale clinical trials results, the indications of immunotherapy in lung cancer have been continuously broadened, and the details of immunotherapy have also been constantly optimized. However, immunotherapy still faces many challenges, such as the selection of immune combination strategies, the exploration of biomarkers, the management of adverse events, the feasibility of application of driver gene mutation population and so on. In this article, we made a systematic review about the latest progress of PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint inhibitors in lung cancer, in order to provide cutting-edge reference for the clinical workers. .
Assuntos
Animais , Humanos , Antineoplásicos Imunológicos , Usos Terapêuticos , Antígeno B7-H1 , Genética , Alergia e Imunologia , Imunoterapia , Neoplasias Pulmonares , Tratamento Farmacológico , Genética , Alergia e Imunologia , Receptor de Morte Celular Programada 1 , Genética , MetabolismoRESUMO
Primary pulmonary synovial sarcoma is a rare pulmonary malignant tumor originated from primitive mesenchymal, which has short overall survival and poor prognosis. Related case reports are lacked at home and abroad. In recent years, the development of targeted therapy has brought remarkable benefits to cancer patients. Apatinib (Hengrui Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China) is a small molecule vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) inhibitor, which selectively inhibits VEGFR-2 and blocks the VEGF signal pathway, then strongly inhibiting the tumor angiogenesis. Apatinib has shown favorable therapeutic effect and acceptable toxicity on various tumors. Here we report a case of primary pulmonary synovial sarcoma with postoperative multiple metastases treated with apatinib, in order to provide a new considerable treatment. .