A pathogen analysis within 174 cases of hand-foot-mouth disease in the summer of 2009 / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the pathogen and characteristics of the serum types of enterovirus of hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) in the summer, 2009.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Both throat swab and herpes fluids were taken respectively from 174 children with HFMD in the outpatient infection during April to September, 2009. Anti-Cox A16 and anti-EV71 IgMs in the serum were detected with ELISA. And RNA were extracted from each sample followed with real-time fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR kits with three reagents: universal enterovirus primer, Coxsackievirus A16 (CA16) primer and enterovirus 71 (EV71) primer. Parts of positive samples were sequenced and analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) EV genes were detected from 167 cases, of which ,112 cases were positive for CA16 and 46 were positive for EV71. CA16: EV71 was 2.43: 1. (2) There were 51 cases with CA16 IgM positive and 25 cases with EV71 IgM positive in the early collected sera, and in the later samples, 98 cases with CA16 IgM positive and 32 cases with EV71 IgM positive. (3)The nucleotide homologies were 88.7%-98.5% of VP1 gene among CA16. The nucleotide homologies were 94.9% - 99.7% of VP1 gene among EV71, and were 92.1% - 95.3% with C4 subtype.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The mainly pathogen causing HFMD in children in the summer, 2009 were CA16 and EV71. EV71 infection, mainly C4 subtype, was highly elevated according to the earlier reported. Real-time RT-PCR is more appropriate than the serological test.</p>

Clinical study on cross-infection of mycoplasma pneumoniae and other viruses in children / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinical cross infections of mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) and other viruses in children, providing a reference for the diagnosis and treatment of respiratory disease.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Serum specimens of the children hospitalized with fever, respiratory symptom besides positive results of MP-Ab IgM detection were collected. And several common viruses popular in children were investigated within the specimens collected by ELISA kits or indirect immunofluorescence.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) The PCT levels of 385 cases (81.7%) appear to be under 0.5 ng/ml. (2) In the 514 cases detected for Cox-IgG and Cox-IgM, the positive rates are respectively 40.3% and 35.6%. (3) 2 cases (0.8%) appear to be influenza B virus positive. And the positive rates of parainfluenza virus 1, 2 and 3 are 0.8%, 0, and 9%. 4, 84 cases (11.8%) are positive for EB-IgM and 451 cases (63.6%) positive for EB-IgG.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Cross infections rarely occur between MP and common respiratory viruses in Children. The cross-infection rate between Cox-virus and MP is up to 35.6%.</p>

Detection and analysis of the enterovirus infection within 159 cases of hand-foot-mouth disease by a real-time reverse transcription-PCR assay / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To reveal the enterovirus infection within children suffering hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) in the Capital Institute of Pediatrics from Aprial to August, 2009, for the sake of clinical diagnosis and treatment.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Both throat swab and vesicle fluid were taken respectively from 159 children with HFMD. And RNA were extracted from each sample followed with real-time fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR kits with three reagents: universal enterovirus primer, Coxsackievirus A16 (CA16) primer and enterovirus 71 (EV71) primer. Parts of postivive samples were sequenced and analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) EV genes were detected from 152 cases, of which, 102 cases were positive for CA16 and 43 were positive for EV71. (2) CV16:EV71 was 2.37:1. The positive rates of throat swabs and vesicle fluid samples were not statistically significant. (3) The PCR results were same with that of sequence analysis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The hand-foot-mouth disease recently appeared in our hospital was mainly related to the EV71 or CA16 infection. And the percentage of EV71 infections obviously increased compared to that of 2007.</p>

Changes of CD4~+CD_(25)~+ Regulatory T Cells in Children with Autoimmune Diseases / 实用儿科临床杂志

Objective Through detecting CD4+CD25+ T regulatory cells(Treg)in the peripheral blood in children suffering autoimmune diseases and normal controls to learn about the changes of Tregs during the diseases and to acquire some references for clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods The data were reviewed for CD4+CD25+ Treg cells of the 93 children diagnosed as pediatric autoimmune disease in Children′s Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics from Nov.2007 to Jun.2008.Thirty-five normal children in the contempora-neous physical examination were selected as the control group.The percentage of CD4+CD25+ Treg cells and CD4+ T cells to the total T cells were determined by flow cytometric method.Data of the JRA group(22 cases),SLE group(12 cases) and HSP group(12 cases),which were the first three according to the number of cases,were respectively compared with the controls.Independent-samples t test was performed for a statistic analysis with SPSS 11.5 software.Results 1.The percentages of CD4+CD25+ Treg cells to the total T cells and CD4+ T cells in the autoimmune diseases children[(6.14?3.21)% and(21.85?11.68)%,respectively] were both higher than those in the control group[(3.68?1.02)% and(12.83?3.61)%,respectively Pa