Value of second-time invasive prenatal diagnosis in the current circumstances / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the safety of repeated invasive prenatal diagnosis primarily due to failed culture of amniotic cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Between January 2000 and October 2012, 167 cases required repeated invasive prenatal diagnosis among a total of 5304 amniocentesis cases. Clinical outcome and karyotypes were analyzed to calculate the rate of fetal loss.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>For the 167 re-sampled cases, the indications have included failed amniocyte culture (121 cases), chromosome mosaicisms (23 cases), failed amniocentesis (21 cases), and request for confirmation (2 cases). No fetal loss has occurred. All samples were cultured successfully. Fourteen cases (8.38%) have been found with an abnormal karyotype. Four mosaic trisomic cases (2 mosaic trisomy 16, 1 mosaic trisomy 20, and 1 mosaic trisomy 8) were verified to be normal.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Repeated invasive prenatal diagnosis does not increase the rate of fetal loss. It can be recommended to cases with failed amniocyte culture. Caution should be undertaken when counseling prenatally detected mosaicism trisomies.</p>

Trends of colorectal cancer incidence in Xuhui District of Shanghai (2001-2011) / 中华全科医师杂志

Objective To investigate the trends of colorectal cancer incidence in Shanghai Xuhui District from 2001 to 2011.Methods Total 3042 cases of colon cancer and 1958 cases of rectal cancer were collected from the Shanghai Cancer Reporting System.The results were age-adjusted according the census data of 2000 as the standardized incidence.Results The standardized incidence rate of colorectal cancer in Xuhui District rose from the 21.83/100 000 in 2001 to 27.35/100 000 in 2006 and increased by 25.29％ ; from 2009 to 2011 the incidence rate was stabilized.The ratio of colon to rectal cancer was 1.55:1,and the incidence of colon cancer was significantly higher than rectal cancer.The incidence rate of male and feinale colorectal cancer increased with age,especially at ＞ 45 y group accounting for 98.70％ and 98.37％ of total incidence rate respectively.The ratio of male to female in colon cancer incidence rate was 0.98∶ 1,while that of rectal cancer was1.25∶ 1.Conclusion The incidence of colorectal cancer in Xuhui District from the last 11 years is significantly higher than of national level.More effective preventive measures should be taken.

Experimental study on establishing tumor bearing nude mice model with different ovarian adenocarcinoma cell lines / 医学研究生学报

Objective:To establish the best way of tumor-bearing nude mice model with epithelial ovarian adenocarcinoma cell lines. Methods:CAOV3 (wall-attached cell) and COC2 (suspended cell) cell lines were transplanted subcutaneously to the nude mice by injection with different cell concentration or tissue block implantation. Results:The rate and time of tumor formation in the two cell lines were not related to cell concentration in the range from 5?10 6/0.2 ml to 6?10 7/0.2 ml. Time of tumor formation was earlier(especially in the manner of tissue block implantation),the successful rate of tumor formation was higher and the speed of tumor growth was relatively retarded in the nude mice bore CAOV3 cell line's tumor than that in COC2 cell line's. But once tumors were formed in nude mice bearing COC2 cell line, the mice died too fast to make experiment because of very quick speed of tumor growth. Conclusion:Wall-attached cell line, tissue block implantation with trocar may be the best way to establish tumor-bearing nude mice model in epithelial ovarian adenocarcinoma cell lines.

Experimental study on the change in intracellular glycogen in ovarian cancer after all-trans retinoic acid treatment / 解放军医学杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of all-trans retinoic acid on the change in intracellular glycogen in ovarian epithelioma cell line in vitro and ovarian epithelial carcinoma in nude mice in vivo. Methods COC2 cells were treated with all-trans retinoic acid in 1, 5, 10 and 30?mol/L drug concentrations for different length of time, and then intracellular glycogen and LDH were determined by biochemistry assay. Morphologic changes were observed with light and electron microscopy. CAOV3 tumor-bearing nude mice were treated with intragastric injection of the same drug in a dose of 2mg/(kg?d) for four weeks. The tumor samples were harvested thereafter for pathological study with histochemical and immunohistochemical staining, and also with electron microscopy. Results Intracellular glycogen was significantly increased, while LDH level was lowered after the cell line was treated with 5~10?mol/L of all-trans retinoic acid, and apoptosis of cancer cell occurred after using 30?mol/L of the drug. These changes were also observed in CAOV3 cells of tumor-bearing nude mice. Conclusion Our results suggest that treatment with all-trans retinoic acid resultin an increase in intracellular glycogen and decrease in LDH level both in COC2 cells in vitro and in CAOV3 tumor-bearing nude mice in vivo, and the suppression of tumor cell proliferation may be attributed to retarded intracellular metabolism.

THE CHARACTERISTICS OF STRESS AND DISPLACEMENT IN HUMAN TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT DURING CENTRIC OCCLUSION / 解放军医学杂志

In order to study the stress distribution and displacement characternstic of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) during centric occlusion, using the three dimensional nonlinear finite element model of normal human TMJ developed from in vivo with simulation of the contact relationship within TMJ, the stress and the maximum displacement of various structures in the TMJ were calculated and analyzed during centric occlusion. Furthermore, we separately accounted the mechanical properties of various structures in human TMJ and three dimensional muscle force vectors of their masticatory muscles measured and analyzed by use of the fusion of cranio jaw facial CT and MR image with the multiresolution method based on wavelet pyramid. The results showed that there were significant differences in the region and value of stress distribution on the surface of the disc, condyle and articular fossa during centric occlusion, in which the biggest stress was distributed in the condyle, the second in the articular fossa, and the smallest in the disc. During centric occlusion, the disc, condyle and articular fossa moved upperly, posteriorly and medially with the biggest displacement on the condyle, the secondary one on the disc and the smallest one on the fossa. It suggested that it is clinically feasible to systematically and rationally calculate and analyze the stress distribution and displacement character, and the results were satisfying