Psychiatric disorders in adolescents with type 1 diabetes: a case-control study

Objectives: To study the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in adolescents with and without type 1 diabetes, the factors associated with its presence, and to test the reliability of a screening tool for use in clinical settings. Methods: Eighty-one adolescents were enrolled in this case-control study, including 36 diabetic participants and 45 controls. Clinical and sociodemographic data were collected and psychiatric symptoms and diagnoses were obtained from adolescents and their parents using a screening tool (Strengths & Difficulties Questionnaire) and a semi-structured interview (Development and Well-Being Assessment). Results: Psychiatric disorders were identified in 22.2% of the sample (30.56% among diabetic adolescents vs. 15.56% of controls: OR = 2.39, 95%CI 0.82-6.99; p = 0.11). Overweight (body mass index percentile ≥ 85) was the only factor associated with psychiatric disorder (OR = 3.07; 95%CI 1.03-9.14; p = 0.04). Compared to the semi-structured interview, the screening instrument showed 80% sensitivity, 96% specificity, 88.9% positive predictive value and 92.3% negative predictive value for the presence of psychiatric diagnoses in adolescents. Conclusion: Psychiatric morbidity was high in this sample of adolescents, especially among those with diabetes. Routine use of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire can help with early detection of psychiatric disorders in this at-risk group.

Validação da versão em português do Questionário sobre Padrões de Alimentação e Peso – Revisado (QEWP-R) para o rastreamento do transtorno da compulsão alimentar periódica / Validation of the portuguese version of the Questionnaire on Eating and Weight Patterns: revised (QEWP-R) for the screening of binge eating disorder

OBJECTIVE: The present paper describes the validation of the Questionnaire on Eating and Weight Patterns-Revised (QEWP-R) designed for the diagnosis of binge eating disorder (BED) and sub-clinical binge eating. METHODS: 89 overweight women seeking treatment for binge eating and/or obesity were assessed with the Portuguese version of the Questionnaire of Eating and Weight Patterns and were, subsequently, interviewed with the eating disorders module of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID-I/P). Rates of binge eating disorder and sub-clinical cases of binge eating obtained with the Questionnaire on Eating and Weight Patterns-Revised were then compared to those obtained with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV. RESULTS: In the identification of binge eating, irrespective of the presence of all criteria for binge eating disorder the QEWP-R Questionnaire on Eating and Weight Patterns-Revised yielded a sensitivity value of 0.88, a specificity value of 0.63 and a positive predictive value of 0.825. Rates for the identification of the full syndrome of binge eating disorder were: sensitivity value of 0.548, a specificity value of 0.8 and a positive predictive value of 0.793. CONCLUSIONS: The Questionnaire on Eating and Weight Patterns-Revised can be useful in a first-step screening procedure to identify probable cases of binge eating. It can be useful as a screening tool and as a first step of clinical assessment of patients seeking treatment for binge eating and/or obesity.

OBJETIVO: O presente artigo descreve a validação do Questionário sobre Padrões de Alimentação e Peso-Revisado (QEWP-R), instrumento criado para o diagnóstico do transtorno da compulsão alimentar periódica (TCAP) e de quadros subclínicos de compulsão alimentar. MÉTODOS: A amostra foi composta por 89 mulheres em busca de tratamento especializado para compulsão alimentar e/ou obesidade, que preencheram o Questionário sobre Padrões de Alimentação e Peso-Revisado e, posteriormente, foram entrevistadas com o módulo para transtornos alimentares da Entrevista Clínica Estruturada para o DSM-IV (SCID-I/P). As taxas de transtorno da compulsão alimentar periódica e de diagnósticos subclínicos obtidas pelo Questionário sobre Padrões de Alimentação e Peso-Revisado foram comparadas às obtidas pela Entrevista Clínica Estruturada para o DSM-IV. RESULTADOS: Na identificação de compulsão alimentar (independente da presença de todos os elementos necessários para o diagnóstico de transtorno da compulsão alimentar periódica), a versão em português do Questionário sobre Padrões de Alimentação e Peso-Revisado apresentou sensibilidade de 0,88, especificidade de 0,63 e valor preditivo positivo de 0,825. Já para o diagnóstico de transtorno da compulsão alimentar periódica, o questionário apresentou sensibilidade = 0,548, especificidade = 0,8 e valor preditivo positivo de 0,793. CONCLUSÕES: O Questionário sobre Padrões de Alimentação e Peso-Revisado, em sua versão para o português, mostrou ser um instrumento útil na detecção de prováveis casos de compulsão alimentar. Pode ser utilizado como escala de rastreamento ou ainda como primeiro passo na avaliação clínica de pacientes que procuram tratamento para compulsão alimentar e/ou obesidade.