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1.
Acta méd. colomb ; 39(2): 185-190, abr.-jun. 2014. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: lil-720231

RESUMO

Las manifestaciones clínicas de la intoxicación por plomo son variadas e inespecíficas y continúan siendo un reto diagnóstico, en especial cuando son producto de presentaciones tan infrecuentes como las secundarias a fragmentos por proyectiles de arma de fuego intraarticulares. En suamplio espectro de manifestaciones se han descrito cambios que van desde el déficit de atenciónhasta estados más avanzados como las polineuropatías. El diagnóstico se basa principalmente enla medición del metal en distintos elementos del paciente y el tratamiento en medidas generales desoporte y terapia de quelación. Describimos el caso de un hombre con el antecedente de una herida por arma de fuego en caderaderecha, con un cuadro clínico progresivo de dolor abdominal, anemia acompañada de punteadobasófilo y manifestaciones neurológicas. Con un estudio por electromiografía que reporto unapolineuropatía axonal desmielinizante motora y sensitiva. Sus niveles séricos de plomo fueron 113µg/dL (Rango normal hasta 10 µg/dL) y después de un esquema de tratamiento con edetato calciodisódico (EDTA) más D penicilamina los síntomas neurológicos mejoraron asociado a un controlsérico de plomo de 49.1 µg/dL. Conclusión: la intoxicación por plomo es causa de polineuropatía motora subaguda especialmente en pacientes con exposición prolongada y niveles séricos altos de plomo. (Acta Med Colomb2014; 39: 185-190).


The clinical manifestations of lead poisoning are varied and nonspecific and remain a diagnostic challenge, especially when they are product of infrequent presentations such as the secondary to intraarticular gun fire fragments. In its broad spectrum of manifestations, changes ranging from attention deficit disorder to more advanced states like polyneuropathies have been described. The diagnosis is based mainly on the measurement of metal in various elements of the patient, and treatment in general supportive measures and chelation therapy. The case of a man with a history of gunshot wound in right hip with a progressive clinical picture of abdominal pain, anemia accompanied by basophilic stippling and neurological manifestations is described. The electromyography reported a motor and sensory axonal demyelinating polyneuropathy. Serum levels of lead were 113 µg/dL (normal range up 10 µg/dL) and after a treatment regimen with calcium disodium edetate (EDTA ) plus D penicillamine, the neurological symptoms improved, associated with a serum lead control of 49.1 µg/dL. Conclusion: lead poisoning causes subacute motor polyneuropathy especially in patients with prolonged exposure and high serum lead levels. (Acta Med Colomb 2014; 39: 185-190).


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Polineuropatias , Transtorno do Deficit de Atenção com Hiperatividade , Terapia por Quelação , Intoxicação por Chumbo
2.
Colomb. med ; 44(1): 26-30, Jan.-Mar. 2013. tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-691791

RESUMO

Objective:To determine the prevalence ofCandidaspeciesand to study factors associated to oral cavity colonization inpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods:A total of 107 diabetics were classified into contro-lled and uncontrolled according to glycosylated hemoglobinvalues. Each patient was assessed for stimulated salivary flowrates, pH, and an oral rinse to search for yeast. The study alsodetermined the state of oral health via Klein and Palmer CPOindexes for permanent dentition, dental plaque by O’Leary,and a periodontal chart.Results:We found yeasts in 74.8 percent of the patients. A total of 36of the 52 subjects with controlled diabetes presented yeasts and44 in the uncontrolled; no significant differences (p = 0.2) werenoted among the presence of yeasts and the control of bloodglucose. The largest number of isolates corresponded toC. al-bicans, followed byC. parapsilosis.Uncontrolled individualspresented a significantly higher percentage of yeast differentfromC. albicans(p = 0.049).Conclusions:We found a high percentage of Candida colo-nization and uncontrolled individuals had greater diversityof species. The wide range of CFU/ml found both in patientswith oral candidiasis, as well as in those without it did not per-mit distinguishing between colonization and disease. We onlyfound association between isolation of yeasts and the low rateof salivary flow.


Assuntos
Candidíase , Colômbia
3.
Colomb. med ; 41(2): 141-147, abr.-jun. 2010. tab, ilus
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-573013

RESUMO

Introduction: Inherited hemoglobinopathies are common among African Blacks. In Buenaventura, a city on Colombia’s Pacific coast, where 92% of the population is Afro-Colombian, there are few published attempts to identify these disorders. Affected individuals require more health care due to higher morbidity and mortality. Early identification of these newborns followed by comprehensive care is important to reduce co-morbidities. Objective: To study newborns and establish the numbers at risk with a bloodspot screening method. This information will demonstrate to Public Health Authorities the need to provide care for this population. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study of a sample of 399 newborns (95% CI) where there is an expected prevalence of 10% of abnormal hemoglobins. Mothers in at least the 36th week of gestation, living in the urban area of Buenaventura, were used. Umbilical cord blood was drawn and specimens fixed on filter paper and stored at 4°C. Isoelectric focusing electrophoresis assays were used to separate the hemoglobins. The results were reported according to the identified hemoglobin as F, A, S, C, D, and G. Results: We processed 399 samples, 353 (88.5%) were normal (hemoglobin FA), 23 (5.8%) were heterozygous for hemoglobin C (FAC), 19 (4.8%) were heterozygous for hemoglobin S (FAS), 2 (0.5%) were heterozygous for hemoglobin G (FAG), 1 was heterozygous for hemoglobin D (FAD) and 1 was heterozygous combined S and C (FSC). Conclusion: Hemoglobins S, C, D, and G are common among infants born in Buenaventura. Hemoglobin C occurred more frequently than in other reported studies. This study suggests that both detection and a follow-up program are required in areas with a high density of Afro-Colombian population.


Introducción: Las hemoglobinopatías son entidades muy frecuentes en el África negra. En Buenaventura, ciudad de la costa pacífica colombiana con una población 92% afrocolombiana, hay pocas publicaciones identificando esta patología. Las poblaciones afectadas requieren cuidados especiales por su alta mortalidad y morbilidad. La identificación temprana desde el periodo neonatal y los programas de cuidado integral se imponen en poblaciones de alta prevalencia. Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia en Buenaventura de hemoglobinas S, C, D y G con un modelo de tamizaje neonatal. La información colectada servirá para sustentar recomendaciones a las autoridades de salud pública. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal en 399 neonatos para una prevalencia esperada del 10% (IC 95%), con madres residentes del área urbana de Buenaventura y 36 semanas o más de gestación. Se tomó muestra de sangre de cordón umbilical fijada en papel filtro y almacenada a 4°C. La técnica de electroforesis de punto isoeléctrico sirvió para la separación de las hemoglobinas. Los resultados se informaron de acuerdo a las hemoglobinas identificadas F, A, S, C, D y G.Resultados: Se procesaron 399 muestras de cordón. El 88.5% (353) de las muestras fueron normales (hemoglobina FA), 23 (5.8%) fueron heterocigotos para hemoglobina C (FAC), 19 (4.8%) fueron heterocigotos para hemoglobina S (FAS), 2 (0.5%) fueron heterocigotos para hemoglobina G (FAG), 1 fue heterocigoto para hemoglobina D (FAD) y 1 fue heterocigoto combinado S y C (FSC). Conclusión: Hemoglobinas S, C, D y G son frecuentes entre los neonatos de Buenaventura. La hemoglobina C fue más frecuente que en estudios previos, probablemente por sesgos en la selección de la muestra de dichos estudios. Se sugiere a las autoridades de salud pública la ampliación del programa de tamizaje de enfermedades congénitas como las hemoglobinopatías.


Assuntos
Recém-Nascido , Lactente , Anemia Falciforme , Eletroforese , Hemoglobina C , Hemoglobina Falciforme , Hemoglobinopatias/etnologia , Recém-Nascido , Prevalência , População Negra , Colômbia
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