Study on the Anti-inflammatory Activity and Mechanism of Different Components from Codonopsis Radix Polysaccharides / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE：To screen the components with better anti-inflammatory effect from Codonopsis Radix polysaccharide and explore the anti-inflammatory mechanism. METHODS ：Using Codonopsis Radix as sample ，the crude polysaccharide （CP） was obtained by water extraction and alcohol precipitation. After CP was separated and purified by Fast Flow DEAE Sepharose ， SephadexG-150 gel column and so on ，the components CP 1-2-1 and CP 3-1-1 were obtained and then characterized. The survival rate of RAW 264.7 cell was determined by MTT method after cultured with CP ，CP1-2-1 and CP 3-1-1（0.01，0.1，1，10，100 μg/mL）for 24 and 48 h respectively. The cells were divided into blank group （blank culture medium ），model group （1 μg/mL LPS）and low-，medium- and high-concentration groups of 3 kinds of Codonopsis Radix polysaccharide （1 μg/mL LPS+25，50， 100 μg/mL CP，CP1-2-1，CP3-1-1 solution）. After cultured for 24 h，NO content in cell culture solution ，mRNA expressions of TLR4，IL-6，NF-κB and TNF-α in cells were determined. RESULTS：The sugar content of CP reached （92.20±0.73）％. CP 1-2-1 was a single neutral polysaccharide composed of fructose with a relative molecular weight of 25.8 kDa. CP 3-1-1 was an acidic heteropolysaccharide composed of arabinose ，rhamnose，galactose and galacturonic acid and so on ，with a relative molecular weight of 49.5 kDa. Cell survival rates were higher than 99％，after cultured with 3 kinds of polysaccharide for 24 and 48 h. Compared with blank group ，NO content in cell culture solution and mRNA expressions of TLR 4，IL-6，NF-κB and TNF-α in cells were increased significantly in model group （P＜0.05 or P＜ . Compared with model group ， NO content in cell 2016CFB412） culture solution of each administration group was significantly reduced，mRNA expressions of TLR 4，NF-κB，TNF-α，IL-6 in cells in 50，100 μg/mL CP group were significantly decreased ong1991@163.com （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）；mRNA expressi ons of TLR 4，NF-κB in cells in 25 µg/mL CP 1-2-1 group and mRNA expressions of TLR 4，NF-κB，TNF-α，IL-6 in cells in 50，100 µg/mL CP 1-2-1 group were significantly decreased （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）；mRNA expressionsof IL- 6 in cells in 25 µg/mL CP 3-1-1 group，mRNA expressions of NF-κB，TNF-α，IL-6 in cells in 50 µg/mL CP 3-1-1 group and mRNA expressions of TLR 4，NF-κB，TNF-α，IL-6 in cells in 100 µg/mL CP 3-1-1 group were significantly decreased （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS ：CP，CP 1-2-1 and CP 3-1-1 all have certain anti-inflammatory activities. The mechanism may be related to inhibiting the generation and releasing of inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α，IL-6 by inhibiting the activation of TLR 4/NF-κB pathway.

Development of Thrombus Aspiration Catheter / 中国医疗器械杂志

Coronary disease is one of the highest mortality diseases in the world,and interventional therapy has been the best treatment choice for its low risks,high efficiency,less wound and rapid recovery after the operation.Thrombus aspiration catheter is one of the most important equipment in the interventional therapy instrument of coronary disease.This paper is based on the demand of clinical and market,designed and manufactured aspirated catheter for the treatment of coronary thrombosis.Through the performance comparison of the material,confirmed the main material quality of thrombus aspiration catheter and its organization.We also made the appraisement for the function of the material and the main performance of the thrombus aspiration catheter.The experiment turned out that our catheter performance is stable and also with highly reliable,which is absolutely fit for the using requirements of the clinical.

Anatomical observation of the 'holy plane' for total mesorectal excision / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To provide anatomic evidence for identification of "holy plane" between fascia propria and its adjacent fascia in total mesorectal excision.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 26 pelvic specimens of adult male preserved in 10% formalin solution were used in this study. Twenty pelvis were employed for topographic anatomy, six for sectional anatomy.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Rectovesical septum was formed by the ventral part of the fascia propria and Denonvilliers' fascia, with no blood vessel and nerve coursed between two layers. Dorsal part of the fascia propria parallelled with the presacral fascia, with no blood vessel and nerve coursed between two layers in 80% of the pelvis. However, anatomic variations was encountered occasionally--with muscle-like tissue or fusion of presacral fascia interposed between them for 20%. The lateral space of rectum was between lateral part of the fascia propria and parietal fascia which witnessed pelvic nerve plexus and lateral ligament of the rectum traveling. Pelvic nerve plexus was categorized as two types according the relation between fascia propria and nerve plexus: fusion type accounting for 85% and rarefaction type for 15%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>'holy plane' is sandwiched between the fascia propria and its adjacent fascia--ventrally Denonvilliers fascia, dorsally presacral fascia and laterally parietal fascia.</p>

Association of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α expression with microlymphatic vessel density and lymph node micrometastasis in rectal cancer / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the association of the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) with microlymphatic vessel density(MLVD) and lymph node micro-metastasis in rectal cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The experimental group consisted of 40 middle-low rectal cancer specimens pathologically confirmed at the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University between 2000 and 2003. Forty samples of normal tissues taken from the corresponding area around the cancer were used as the control group. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect HIF-1α expression and MLVD in both the tumor tissues and the adjacent normal tissues. Lymph node micrometastasis was ascertained using immunohistochemical staining with CK20.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In rectal cancer tissues, the HIF-1α expression was 77 386±14 911 and MLVD was 7.3±0.7, significantly higher than those in normal adjacent tissues(33 092±5877 and 0.3±0.2, both P<0.01). The HIF-1α expression was positively correlated with MLVD in rectal cancer(r=0.781, P<0.01). Thirty-one patients had no lymph nodes metastasis and 10 had micrometastasis. The HIF-1α expression and MLVD in specimens with lymph node micrometastasis was significantly higher than that in those without lymph node micrometastasis(P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>HIF-1α and MLVD play important roles in the development of rectal cancer,which may promote lymphatic micrometastasis in rectal cancer.</p>

Correlation of vascular endothelial growth factor D, microlymphatic density and microvessel density with development and metastasis of rectal cancer / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the correlation of vascular endothelial growth factor D (VEGF-D) expression, microlymphatic density (MLD) and microvessel density (MVD) levels with the development and metastasis of rectal cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eighty specimens from resected middle-lower rectal cancer diagnosed by pathology were examined by immunohistochemistry for VEGF-D,MLD and MVD. Simultaneously, 40 biopsy specimens from rectal polyps and 80 specimens from normal rectal tissue were examined as controls. Correlation between the expression of above three factors and the tumor size, gross morphology, histological type, metastasis, differentiation grade, infiltration depth, Dukes stage, lymph node metastasis and long-distance metastasis before operation were investigated with Spearman method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) Positive expression rate of VEGF-D was 55 % (44/80) in rectal cancer, and zero in rectal polyps and normal rectal tissues. The expression of VEGF-D in rectal cancer was significantly higher than that in rectal polyps and normal rectal tissues(P<0.05). MLD was significantly higher in rectal cancer (2.80+/-1.31) than that in rectal polyps (0.50+/-0.72) and normal rectal tissues(0.25+/-0.44)(P<0.05).Meanwhile MVD was significantly higher in rectal cancer (80.10+/-23.18) than that in rectal polyps (27.00+/-11.01) and normal rectal tissues (10.45+/-5.34) (P<0.05). (2) VEGF-D, MLD and MVD were positively correlated with lymph node metastasis and long-distance metastasis before operation (P<0.05). (3) VEGF-D was positively correlated with MLD (P<0.05) and MLD was positively correlated with MVD as well(P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Lymphangiogenesis exists in rectal cancer tissues. VEGF-D and MLD can be used as good predictors of lymphangiogenesis and they are the important factors affecting biological behavior of rectal cancer. Lymphangiogenesis and angiogenesis may have a cooperative function in the development of rectal cancer.</p>