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DMRT, a gene family related to sexual determination, encodes a large group of transcription factors (DMRTs) with the double-sex and mab-3 (DM) domain (except for DMRT8), which is able to bind to and regulate DNAs. Current studies have shown that the DMRT gene family plays a critical role in the development of sexual organs (such as gender differentiation, gonadal development, germ cell development, etc.) as well as extrasexual organs (such as musculocartilage development, nervous system development, etc.). Additionally, it has been suggested that DMRTs may be involved in the cancer development and progression (such as prostate cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer, etc.). This review summarizes the research progress about the mammalian DMRTs' structure, function and its critical role in cancer development, progression and therapy (mainly in human and mice), which suggests that DMRT gene could be a candidate gene in the study of tumor formation and therapeutic strategy.
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Masculino , Animais , Humanos , Camundongos , Fatores de Transcrição/genética , Mamíferos/metabolismo , Diferenciação Celular , Neoplasias/genéticaRESUMO
Aim To explore the effect of parathyroid hormone on osteoporosis in rats after spinal cord injury(SCI)and its mechanism.Methods SD rats were divided into sham operation group(Sham), SCI model group(SCI), SCI+parathyroid hormone group(SCI+PTH)and SCI+PTH+transfected miR-146a irrelevant fragment group(SCI+PTH+NC)and SCI+PTH+transfection miR-146a inhibitor group(SCI+PTH+miR-146a inhibtor), and then given 60 μg·kg-1 PTH(SCI+PTH group), 60 μg·kg-1 PTH and 20 pm miR-146a NC(SCI+PTH+NC group)or 60 μg·kg-1 PTH and 20 pm miR-146a inhibitor(SCI+PTH+miR-146a inhibitor group)by tail vein injection every 3 d for 8 weeks.Rats in Sham group and SCI group were given equal amount of saline in the same way.The behavioral movement scores of rats were recorded by the BBB scoring method 1 d, 7 d, 14 d, 21 d, 28 d, and 56 d after operation; serum calcium(Ca)and alkaline phosphatase(ALP)were measured using the kits; bone mineral density of femur and tibia was measured by a bone mineral density scanner; the morphological changes of rat spinal cord were observed by HE staining; expression of miR-146a was detected by qRT-PCR and protein expression of p-PI3K and p-Akt was detected by Western blot.Results Compared with Sham group, SCI group had decreased BBB score(P<0.05 or P<0.01), serum Ca, femoral and tibial bone mineral density content and expression of miR-146a, p-PI3K and p-Akt, but increased serum ALP(P<0.01).Compared with SCI group, BBB score(P<0.05 or P<0.01), serum Ca, femoral and tibia bone mineral density content, and the expression of miR-146a, p-PI3K and p-Akt( P<0.01)increased, together with decreased serum ALP in SCI+PTH group(P<0.01).Compared with SCI+ PTH group, the above indicators of rats were significantly inhibited in SCI+PTH+miR-146a inhibitor group.Conclusions PTH has certain therapeutic effect on SCI osteoporosis, achieved possibly by regulating miR-146a/PI3K/Akt signaling.
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This article reported the clinical features of a rare patient with anti-metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 （mGluR5） encephalitis with mental disorders as the initial symptom， so as to provide references for clinical diagnosis and treatment. The patient was a 38-year-old male， developed pharyngeal pain as prodromal symptoms， and the main clinical manifestations included rapidly progressive memory loss， anxiety and depression， and psychomotor excitement symptoms including irritability and impulsive behaviors. The disease had a progressive deterioration. In the most severe state， the patient became unconscious in a shallow coma， with further cognitive decline， hallucinations and delusions， and lack of self-awareness. Both cerebrospinal fluid and serum anti-mGluR5 antibody were strongly positive （1∶100）. After two sessions of hormone shock therapy， the patient showed significantly improvement in consciousness， cognitive， emotional and psychiatric dimensions.
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Objective To investigate the correlation between serum adiponectin levels and post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI). Methods From January 2018 to December 2018, consecutive patients with ischemic stroke admitted to the Departments of Neurology, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Dongguan Changping Hospital, and Jiangsu Provincial Second Chinese Medicine Hospital were enrolled. Serum adiponectin concentration was detected by radioimmunoassay. The cognitive function assessment was performed 1 month after the onset of stroke using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). The total score of MoCA <22 was defined as PSCI. Univariate analysis was used to compare the baseline data between groups, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the association between serum adiponectin levels and PSCI. Results A total of 257 patients with acute ischemic stroke were enrolled, with age 66.5 ± 9.9 years, 139 (54.1% ) males, and 91 (35.4% ) with PSCI. Age (68.2 ± 8.1 years vs. 65.6 ± 10.8 years; t=2.007, P=0.046 ), homocysteine (16.0 ± 6.2 μmol/L vs. 14.5 ± 4.5 μmol/L; t= 2.208, P= 0.028 ), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein ( 7.0 [3.3-9.9] mg/L vs. 4.7 [2.2-9.6] mg/L; Z=2.346, P=0.019 ) as well as the proportion of hypertension (64.8% vs. 50.6% ; χ2 =4.824, P=0.028), diabetes (33.0% vs. 21.1% ; χ2 =4.392, P=0.036), leuko-araiosis (47.2% vs. 32.5% ; χ2 =5.422, P=0.020) and diffusion weighting imaging-Alberta Stroke Project early CT score 0-7 (59.3% vs. 41.4% ; χ2 =6.942, P=0.008) in the PSCI group was significantly higher than that of the non-PSCI group, while the adiponectin level was significantly lower than that of the non-PS-CI group (5.4 [3.5-8.4] mg/L vs. 7.0 [5.3-9.3] mg/L; Z=3.624, P=0.001 ). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for the confounding factors, the lower serum adiponectin level was an independent risk factors for PSCI (the 1st quartile group vs. the 4th quartile group: odds ratio 2.152, 95% confidence interval 1.119-5.039; P=0.047). Conclusions Low serum adiponectin level might be an independent risk factor for PSCI in patients with ischemic stroke.
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The paper analyzes the current situation and deficiency of education for information literacy of medical students through medical college library,elaborates measures to improve information literacy education of medical students from aspects like enrichment of connotation of library entry education for freshmen,promotion of literature retrieval course reform and improvement of information literacy of librarians in medical college library.
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The retrieval of literature novelty assessment projects was divided into unlimited retrieval and limited retrieval according to the retrieval terms.The redundant retrieval mode,complicated retrieval process,poor compatibility,and lack of summary that affect the retrieval effectiveness of literature novelty assessors were analyzed.The overall retrieval ability and literature analysis ability of literature novelty assessors were put forward for improving their retrieval effectiveness.
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BACKGROUND:Stem celltherapy for renal ischemia-reperfusion injury has been the hot topics for many scholars. Its mechanism is very complex, which could not be explained by simple mechanism of stem cells differentiation. It is the result involving a variety of mechanisms. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the influence on immune cells during the bone marrow mesenchymal stem celltherapy for renal ischemia-reperfusion injury, then to preliminary summarize the immune regulation mechanism of bone marrow mesenchymal stem celltherapy for renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. METHODS:First, we established a model of renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats and, cultured and purified rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in vitro. Then, the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were transplanted into the rat models. Using flow cytometry detection technology, we analyzed the proportion of CD4+CD25+regulatory T cells of rat spleen cells, discussed the effects on immune cells during the bone marrow mesenchymal stem celltherapy for renal ischemia-reperfusion injury, and then transferred the rat’s spleen cells to the nude mice which were subjected to renal renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. Renal function and renal histological changes of nude mice were assessed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The bone marrow mesenchymal stem celltransplantation could significantly inhibit the decrease of CD4+CD25+regulatory T cellof spleen cells in rats with renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. The transplantation of spleen cells from the above-mentioned rats to nude mice could obviously protect nude mice from renal ischemia-reperfusion injury, characterized by lower serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen and renal tubule pathologic damage score. Therefore, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells have protective effects on renal ischemia-reperfusion injury by regulating the immune system.
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The reproductive toxicity of environmental estrogens(EEs)has become an extensively studied subject in environmental science and reproductive medicine nowadays.Many epidemiology data and experimental evidences indicated that EEs may significantly cause the disorders of male sex differentiation such as microphallus,hypospadia,cryptorchidism and masculinization behavior disorder and so on.The mechanism includes estrogenic activity,anti-androgenic activity as well as other feedback regulation and signal transmission which influence hormones metabolism.