RESUMO
Introducción Se estima que para el año 2050 los mayores de 60 años corresponderán al 22% de la población mundial y con ello aumente la incidencia y prevalencia de enfermedad de Alzheimer. Uno de los pilares del tratamiento de esta condición es mejorar la calidad de vida, en este sentido surgen herramientas como la Quality of Life in Alzheimer's Disease Scale que permite medir calidad de vida en pacientes y sus cuidadores. Objetivo Realizar la traducción al español chileno y validación de contenido de la Quality of Life in Alzheimer's Disease Scale en pacientes con demencia por Alzheimer del Hospital Guillermo Grant Benavente de Concepción, Chile. Métodos Se llevó a cabo la traducción, retraducción y validez de contenido por juicio experto, utilizando el análisis Lawshe, pre-test y validación semántica usando la estrategia de respondent debriefing. Resultados Las versiones traducidas y retraducidas fueron comparadas entre ellas y con la versión original. Lawshe indica que una razón de validez de contenido de 0,49 es adecuado para considerar aceptable el ítem cuando en el proceso de validación de contenido han participado 15 expertos como en este estudio. El análisis arrojó una razón de validez de contenido mayor a 0,49 en 11 de los 13 ítems de la escala. De estos, ocho obtuvieron un valor superior a 0,8 y tres entre 0,49 y 0,79. En la validación semántica mediante la estrategia de se aplicó la escala a cinco personas con enfermedad de Alzheimer y a sus respectivos cuidadores. Con los datos obtenidos, se generaron modificaciones en aquellos ítems que obtuvieron una razón de validez de contenido menor a 0,49. Conclusión La versión obtenida en español de la resulta ser válida desde el punto de vista de su contenido y equivalente a su versión original.
Introduction It is estimated that by the year 2050, persons over 60 will account for 22% of the world population. Consequently, the incidence and prevalence of Alzheimer's disease will increase correspondingly. One of the pillars of the treatment of this condition is to improve the quality of life. In this sense, questionnaires such as the Quality of Life in Alzheimer's Disease allow us to measure the quality of life in patients and caregivers. Objective To translate into Chilean Spanish and carry out the content validation of the Quality of Life in Alzheimer's Disease scale in patients with Alzheimer's dementia at the Guillermo Grant Benavente Hospital in Concepción, Chile. Methods Translation, back-translation and content validity were carried out by expert judgment, using Lawshe analysis, pre-test and semantic validation using the respondent debriefing strategy. Results The translated and retranslated versions were compared with each other and with the original version. Lawshe indicates that a Content Validity Ratio equal 0.49 is adequate to consider the item valid when 15 experts participated in the content validation process, as in our study. The analysis yielded a content validity ratio greater than 0.49 in 11 of the 13 items on the scale. Of these, 8 obtained a value greater than 0.8 and 3 between 0.49 and 0.79. In semantic validation using the respondent debriefing strategy, the scale was applied to five people with Alzheimer's and their respective caregivers. With the data obtained, modifications were generated in those items that obtained a content validity ratio of less than 0.49. Conclusions The version obtained in Spanish of the Quality of Life in Alzheimer's Disease scale is valid from the point of view of its content and equivalent to its original version.
RESUMO
Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) is a rare, clinically aggressive hematologic malignancy that most commonly manifests as cutaneous lesions with or without bone marrow involvement and leukemic dissemination. The demonstration of tumor cells with the characteristic immunophenotype with expression of CD56, generally CD4 and dendritic cell antigens (CD123, cyTCL-1, HLA-DR), in the absence of myeloid or lymphoid lineage markers is required for the diagnosis. Responses to chemotherapy are initially satisfactory, with frequent systemic and central nervous system relapses. We report a 24 year-old male with BPDCN, initially diagnosed and treated as non-Hodgkin CD4+ T-cell lymphoma, with initial complete remission who evolved with early central nervous system relapse. A second attempt of chemotherapy failed and the patient died two months later.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto Jovem , Células Dendríticas/patologia , Neoplasias do Sistema Nervoso Central/secundário , Neoplasias Hematológicas/patologia , Indução de Remissão , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Imunofenotipagem , Evolução Fatal , Progressão da Doença , Neoplasias Hematológicas/tratamento farmacológicoRESUMO
La epidermodisplasia verruciforme (EV) es una genodermatosis rara, caracterizada por el desarrollo de verrugas planas y lesiones similares a pitiriasis versicolor, asociada a infección crónica por Virus Papiloma Humano. Se reporta el caso de EV. Mujer de 49 años con múltiples lesiones verrucosas de larga evolución distribuidas en las cuatro extremidades y antecedente familiar de cuadro similar. Biopsia a los 19 años evidenció verrugas sin atipia. Nuevo estudio histológico informó carcinoma escamoso, decidiéndose extirpación de lesiones. La clínica inicia en edades tempranas, con elevado riesgo de transformación maligna. No existe tratamiento específico. Es esencial la fotoprotección estricta y manejo precoz de lesiones para prevención de progresión a carcinoma.
Epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV) is a rare genodermatosis, characterized by the development of plane warts and pityriasis versicolor-like lesions, associated with chronic infection caused by the Human Papilloma virus. An EV case is reported. 49 year-old woman with multiple long standing warty lesions distributed on the four limbs and family background of similar cases. Biopsy at 19 years old evidenced warts without atypia. New histological study reported squamous cell carcinoma, deciding the removal of the lesions. The clinic begins at early age, with high risk of malignant transformation. There is no specific treatment. Strict photoprotection and early management of the lesions is essential to prevent the progression to carcinoma.
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Epidermodisplasia Verruciforme/diagnóstico , Epidermodisplasia Verruciforme/virologia , Infecções por Papillomavirus/complicações , Epidermodisplasia Verruciforme/patologia , Doença Crônica , Progressão da Doença , Infecções por Papillomavirus/virologia , Diagnóstico DiferencialRESUMO
El melanoma anorrectal es infrecuente, su clínica inespecífica y su diagnóstico tardío, acompañándose de pronóstico ominoso. Se reporta el caso de melanoma anorrectal. Mujer de 62 años con historia de baja de peso y masa rectal, estudio histológico evidencia melanoma anorrectal, realizándose cirugía respectiva y posterior radioterapia hipofraccionada. La clínica del melanoma anorrectal dificulta el diagnóstico, presentándose en edades propias de patologías más frecuentes y benignas como hemorroides. El tratamiento de elección es quirúrgico. Se recomienda un elevado índice de sospecha para manejo oportuno.
Anorrectal melanoma is rare, his clinic is unspecific and his diagnostic is late, accompanied by ominous prognosis. The case of anorrectal melanoma is reported. A 62 year old female presented weight loss and rectal mass, histology study showed melanoma anorrectal, resection surgery and radiotherapy hypofractionated were performed. Anorrectal melanoma clinical is a difficult diagnosis, this appears in ages where others diseases benign are more frequent, such as hemorrhoids. The treatment of choice is surgical. A high index of suspicion for timely management is recommended.