RESUMO
As mielopatologias possuem etiologias variadas, incluindo: trauma, autoimunidade, neoplasia, vascular, hereditária, degenerativa, e infecciosa. Este artigo descreve as causas infecciosas mais comuns de disfunção da medula espinhal.
The pathologies of the spinal cord have different etiologies. Besides trauma, other common causes of myelopathy include also autoimmune, neoplastic, vascular, hereditary, degenerative and infectious diseases. Therefore, this article will review some of the most common infectious causes of dysfunction of the spinal cord and their pathogenesis, clinical manifestations and diagnosis correlate. Method: Scientific papers published in national and international medical journals available on CAPES, Pubmed and Uptodate, were reviewed.
Assuntos
Humanos , Mielite/diagnóstico , Mielite/etiologia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Esquistossomose , Herpes Simples , Herpes Zoster , Neurocisticercose , Sífilis , TuberculoseRESUMO
A mielite é a forma neurológica mais grave da esquistossomose mansoni. Este relato descreve paciente com dor lombar, seguida de paraparesia e parestesia em membros inferiores, associadas com alterações urinárias. Havia eosinofilia (16 por cento), e eosinofilorraquia (39 por cento), além de contato com águas naturais de região endêmica para o S. mansoni. O paciente foi prontamente tratado com praziquantel e corticoesteróides, evoluindo com regressão das queixas e ausência de sequelas. Enfatiza-se a necessidade de se considerar a mielite no diagnóstico diferencial de dor lombar, com paresia e parestesias, além de alterações urinárias, visto que o inicio precoce do tratamento determina o prognóstico.
Schistosomal myelitis is the severest neurologic complication of schistosomiasis mansoni. We report a case in which the patient developed lumbar pain followed by paraparesis and paresthesia in lower limbs with urinary retention. There was eosinophilia (16 percent) and eosinophilorraquia (39 percent) and a history of contact with natural waters in an endemic area. The patient was treated with praziquantel and steroids; he presented rapid response to treatment with regression of symptoms and developed no sequelae. The authors emphasize the need to consider this condition in the differential diagnoses of low back pain, paraparesis/paresis and urinary retention, since early treatment is crucial to a good prognosis.