Múltiplas camadas na membrana de descemet / Multiple layers on the Descemet membrane

RESUMO Relato de caso não descrito na literatura oftalmológica nacional de múltiplas camadas da membrana de Descemet. Mulher de 59 anos, pseudofácica, com diagnóstico de ceratopatia bolhosa, foi submetida à ceratoplastia penetrante em olho direito, sendo encontrado achado incomum de multiplicidade de camadas da membrana de Descemet, variáveis em forma e espessura, além de corpos ovoides com coloração de metamina de prata de Gocott-Gomori (GMS) negativa. Como a membrana de Descemet tem no seu desenvolvimento um período fetal e outro pós-natal que frequentemente é bem identificável nos cortes histológicos em adultos. No caso apresentado, em que outras camadas estão presentes, há evidência de corpos esféricos que poderiam significar que a potencialidade de produzir outras camadas pode permanecer na fase adulta mais tardia.

ABSTRACT To relate a case not described previously in the national multilateral ophthalmological literature of Descemet's membrane. A 59-year-old pseudophakic woman diagnosed with bullous keratopathy underwent penetrating keratoplasty with an unusual finding of multiple layers of Descemet's membrane, which were variable in shape and thickness. In addition, ovoid bodies with negative Gocott-Gomori (GMS) color were present. Discussion and Conclusion: As Descemet's membrane has a fetal and a postnatal period in its development, it is frequently and well identifiable in histological sections in adults. In the case presented, in which other layers are present, there is evidence of spherical bodies that could mean that the potential to produce other layers may remain into later adulthood.

Essential thrombocythemia - a predisponent factor for stroke

SUMMARY The essential thrombocythemia is one of the seven described forms of myeloproliferative neoplasms. It is characterized by megakaryocytic hyperplasia with consequent thrombocytosis maintained in the peripheral blood, favoring the occurrence of thrombo-hemorrhagic phenomena. We present the case of an 81-year-old woman with a history of ischemic stroke in the context of a sustained thrombocytosis, which led to a spinal study and a search for the V617F mutation in the JAK2 gene, which was positive. The patient started cytoreductive therapy with hydroxyurea with favorable current evolution.

Exposure source prevalence is associated with gender in hepatitis C virus patients from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

BACKGROUND Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a worldwide public health problem. A characterisation of the differences in exposure sources among genders will enable improvements in surveillance actions. METHODS Exposure data were obtained for 1180 confirmed HCV cases Brazil's mandatory reporting to epidemiological surveillance, which was directed by a reference laboratory in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The Chi-square test (χ2) was used to assess the associations between exposure sources and gender. The prevalence ratio (PR) was calculated for exposures that showed an association. RESULTS The results showed 57.7% cases were female, and associations with snorting drugs, sexual activity, surgery, aesthetic procedures, blood transfusions, and educational level were observed (p < 0.001). Men showed 2.53 (1.33-3.57), 4.83 (3.54-6.59), and 2.18 (1.33-3.57) times more exposure to sniffing drugs, risky sex and higher levels of education, respectively, than women. Women demonstrated 4.46 (3.21-6.21), 1.94 (1.43-2.63), and 3.10 (2.09-4.61) times more exposure to surgery, aesthetic procedures, and blood transfusions, respectively, than men. CONCLUSION Our results showed differences in risk behaviours associated with gender among HCV carriers. These data are likely to significantly influence clinical practice regarding the adoption of specific approaches for counselling and control policies to prevent the emergence of new cases and break the chain of transmission of the virus.

Bladder carcinogenesis in rats subjected to ureterosigmoidostomy and treated with L-lysine / Carcinogênese de bexiga em ratas submetidas à ureterossigmoidostomia tratadas com L-lisina

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the effect of L-lysine in the bladder and intestinal epithelia in rats submitted to vesicosigmoidostomy. Methods: we divided forty Wistar rats into four groups: group I - control group (Sham); group II - submitted to vesicosigmoidostomy and treated with L-lysine 150mg/kg; group III - submitted only to vesicosigmoidostomy; and group IV - received L-lysine 150mg/kg. After eight weeks the animals were sacrificed. Results: in the bladders of all operated animals we observed simple, papillary and nodular hyperplasia of transitional cells, transitional cell papillomas and squamous metaplasia. As for the occurrence of aberrant crypt foci in the colons of operated animals, we did not observe statistically significant differences in any of the distal, proximal and medium fragments, or in all fragments together (p=1.0000). Conclusion: Although statistically there was no promotion of carcinogenesis in the epithelia of rats treated with L-lysine in the observed time, it was clear the histogenesis of bladder carcinogenesis in its initial phase in all operated rats, this being probably associated with chronic infection and tiny bladder stones.

RESUMO Objetivo: o objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar o efeito da L-lisina nos epitélios vesical e intestinal de ratas submetidas à vesicossigmoidostomia. Métodos: quarenta ratas Wistar, foram divididas em quatro grupos: grupo I- grupo controle (Sham); grupo II- submetido à vesicossigmoidostomia e tratado com L-lisina 150mg/kg; grupo III- submetido apenas à vesicossigmoidostomia; e grupo IV- recebeu L-lisina 150mg/kg. Após oito semanas os animais foram sacrificados. Resultados: na bexiga de todos os animais operados observou-se hiperplasia simples, papilar e nodular de células transicionais, papiloma de células transicionais e metaplasia escamosa. Quanto à ocorrência de focos de criptas aberrantes nos colos dos animais operados, não foi evidenciado diferença estatística significante em nenhum dos fragmentos distal, proximal e médio, e todos juntos (P=1,0000). Conclusão: apesar de, estatisticamente, não ter havido promoção de carcinogênese nos epitélios dos ratos tratados com L-lisina, no tempo observado, é nítida a histogênese da carcinogênese de bexiga em sua fase inicial, no epitélio vesical, em todos os ratos operados, estando esta provavelmente associada à infecção crônica e aos diminutos cálculos vesicais.

A recepção da ginástica sueca em Portugal nas primeiras décadas do século XX: conformidades e dissensões culturais e políticas / The active reception of the Swedish method in Portugal in first decades of the 20 th century: cultural and political compliances and dissensions / La recepción de la gimnastica sueca en las primeras décadas del siglo XX en Portugal:conformidades y disensiones culturales y políticas

O artigo aborda a presença persistente da "ginástica sueca" como referente principal da educação física em contexto escolar em Portugal, nas primeiras décadas do século XX, e as recepções distintas de que foi alvo. Numa primeira parte, o texto centra-se na compreensão da centralidade adquirida pela "ginástica sueca", em múltiplos contextos geopolíticos, no contexto da consolidação do projeto da escola de massas. Numa segunda parte, o texto documenta e analisa algumas deslocações interpretativas ocorridas na recepção da "ginástica sueca" em Portugal, entre 1920 e 1940, bem como os realinhamentos educativos, sociais e políticos que acompanharam esses conflitos sobre a sua "correta" mobilização para o contexto escolar português.

The article discusses the persistent centrality of the "Swedish gymnastics" for the orientation of physical education in Portugal, along the first decades of the 20 th century, and the different receptions that was targeted. In the first part, the text focuses on the centrality acquired by the "Swedish gymnastics" in multiple geopolitical spaces, in the context of the consolidation of mass schooling. In the second part, the text documents and analyzes some interpretive movements that occurred in the reception of "Swedish gymnastics" in Portugal, in the period between 1920 and 1940, together with several educational, social and political realignments that accompanied these conflicts about their "correct" mobilization for the Portuguese school context.

El artículo aborda la persistente centralidad de la "gimnastica sueca" como referencial primero para la educación física en Portugal, en las primeras décadas del siglo XX, y las diferentes recepciones de que ha sido objeto. En la primera parte, el texto se centra en la comprensión de aquella centralidad, en múltiples contextos geopolíticos, en el ámbito de la consolidación de la escolarización masiva. En la segunda parte, el texto evidencia y analiza algunos movimientos interpretativos que se produjeron en la recepción de la "gimnástica sueca" en Portugal, entre 1920 y 1940, así como los reajustes educativos, sociales y políticos que acompañaron a estos conflictos sobre su "adecuada" movilización para el contexto de la escuela portuguesa.