Aportes de la psicología y las neurociencias al concepto del Insight: la necesidad de un marco integrativo de estudio y desarrollo / The concept of insight in psychology and neuroscience: the need for an integrative research framework

La experiencia del Insight, entendida como fenómeno cognitivo en el que se llega a la solución o comprensión de un conflicto en asociación con una vivencia afectiva de sorpresa y certeza ante el descubrimiento, ha captado la atención de psicólogos, psiquiatras y científicos desde hace ya más de un siglo. Debido al rol que juega en el contexto psicoterapéutico en cuanto a su papel en los procesos de cura y a su relación con procesos cognitivos tan relevantes como el aprendizaje, la creatividad y las estrategias de resolución de problemas, el lograr una mayor compresión que incorpore todas las aristas del fenómeno e integre los aportes de las diversas miradas se torna una tarea de fundamental importancia. A través de un recorrido por algunos de los esfuerzos que disciplinas como el psicoanálisis, la teoría de la Gestalt, la psicología cognitiva y las neurociencias han realizado para captar la esencia delinsight, queremos poner sobre a mesa algunos elementos con el fin de contribuir a la discusión sobre este concepto. Nos interesa el desarrollo de una perspectiva integradora, que posibilite a su vez el encuentro y la fertilización mutua entre las aproximaciones neurocientíficas y psicoterapéuticas a niveles tanto teóricos como empíricos y aplicados.

The experience of insight, understood as the cognitive process whereby one reaches a solution or comprehension of a conflict and that is lived as a surprising yet certain discovery, has captured the attention of psychologists, psychiatrists and scientists in generalfor more than a century. Because of the notorious role that this phenomenon has in the psychotherapeutic context, as well as its relation to such important cognitive processes as learning, creativity and problem solving, it is important to advance towards a moreencompassing understanding that can incorporate such different perspectives. Through a review of how psychoanalysis, Gestalt theory, cognitive psychology and neuroscience have attempted to capture the essence of the experience of insight, we wish to contribute to the ongoing discussion from an integrative perspective. We are especially interested in the possibility of encounter and cross-fertilization between the neuroscientific approach and the psychotherapeutic tradition at the theoretical, empirical and appliedlevels.

Networks in Cognitive Systems and Biomedicine: Cerebral Processes, Models and Mathematical Tools Design

Convergence of clinical, empirical, methodological and theoretical approaches aimed at understanding the relation between brain function and cognition, is by now standard in most if not all academic programs in the area of Cognitive Science. This confederation of disciplines is one of the liveliest domains of inquiry and discussion into some of the most fundamental -and historically resilient- questions human beings have posed themselves. The contributions gathered in this special issue of Biological Research, directly inspired by the ongoing work at the Instituto de Sistemas Complejos de Valparaiso and the December 2006 CONICYT-INSERM-SFI workshop "Networks in Cognitive Systems / Trends and Challenge in Biomedicine: From Cerebral Process to Mathematical Tools Design", Chile, represent an explicit invitation to the reader to dive deeper into this fascinating terrain.

Programming Paradigms and Mind Metaphors: Convergence and Cross-fertilization in the Study of Cognition

This paper describes a notable convergence between biological organization and programming language abstractions. Our aim is to explore possibilities of cross-fertilization, at both conceptual and empirical levels, towards the understanding of what cognition and cognitive systems might be.