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Diagnóstico (Perú) ; 51(1): 7-10, ene.-mar 2012. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: lil-661347

RESUMO

La obesidad es una enfermedad crónica muy prevalente a nivel nacional y mundial, que facilita el desarrollo de otras enfermedades crónicas no trasmisibles que aceleran el proceso de ateroesclerosis y el riesgo de la producción de eventos cardiovasculares. Objetivo: Este trabajo está orientado a establecer los cambios metabólicos que ocurren en obesos tanto en condiciones basales como postprandiales que, en parte, explican las alteraciones mencionadas. Métodos: Se estudió a 26 personas normales, 12 mujeres y 14 varones, de 57.8 ± 0.38 años y a 28 obesos, 14 mujeres y 14 varones, de edad similar, de nivel del mar. Se midió el peso, talla, Índice de Masa Corporal (IMC), circunferencia abdominal (CA), PA, pulso. En ayunas se determinó glucosa (G), triglicéridos (Tg), colesterol total (CT), HDL, insulina (I) , ácidos grasos no esterificados (AGNE); se calculó VLDL, LDL, colesterol No-HDL y el índice HOMA. Se administró un desayuno con 725 Kcal; 45 g de grasa (55.8%), 68 g de carbohidratos (37.5%), 13.4 g de proteínas (7.39 %), después de lo cual se midió G, I, Tg y AGNE durante 6 horas. Se empleó la prueba t de Student para los cálculos estadísticos. Resultados: El peso, IMC, CA fueron mas altos en los obesos. No se encontró diferencias en el CT, LDL, No-HDL, e1 c-HDL fue significativamente menor en los obesos, los Tg más altos en los obesos, la diferencia fue significativa a los 0, 30 y 60 minutos; la glicemia fue igual en ambos grupos y la insulina significativamente más alta en los obesos durante toda la prueba, el índice HOMA más alto en los obesos; los AGNE fueron más alto sólo a los 240 minutos. ...


Obesity is a chronic prevalent condition both at national as well as worldwide that enhances the risk to develop many other non transmissible chronic pathologies that accelerates the process of atheroesclerosis and the production of cardiovascular events. Objective: This investigation was delineated to learn about the metabolic alterations appearing in obesity both at the basal as well as at postprandial state, which in part explain the above mentioned alterations. Methods: A total of26 nonnal persons, 12 female and 14 male, 57.8 ± 0.38 years old and 28 obese patients, 14 female and 14 male, BMI > 30, of similar age, free of diabetes mellitus, high blood pressure and dislipoproteinemia, were studied. Weight, height, BMI, waist circurnference (CA), blood ressure (PA) and pulse rate were measured. At fasting glucose (G), triglycerides (Tg), total cholesterol (CT), HDL cholesterol HDL), insulin (1)andnon sterified free fatty acids (NEFA) were measured; LDL, VLDL, Non-HDLcholesterol and HOMA index were calculated. A breakfast containing 725 Kcal., 45 g fat (55.8%),68 g carbohydrates (37.5%), 13.4 g proteins (7.39 %) was given to the subjects and thereafter G, Tg, I and NEFA were measured during 6 hours. Results: Weight, BMI and CA weresignificantly higher in obese subjects, HDL was significantly lower in obese. Tg were higher in obese, the differences were significant from Oto 60 minutes. Glucose was similar in both groups and insulin significantly higher in obese beth at basal state as well as during the whole postprandial period, HOMA index higher in the obese group; NEFA were higher only at 240 minutes. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that obesity produces insulin resistance reflected by hyperinsulinemia, hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL concentrations and higher HOMA index, all ofthem are independent cardiovascular risk factors.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Metabolismo , Hiperinsulinismo , Hipertrigliceridemia , Metabolismo Basal , Obesidade/metabolismo
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