RESUMO
Introducción: los niños con parálisis cerebral (PC) presentan habitualmente compromiso nutricional. Objetivos: evaluar el estado nutricional antropométrico de niños con PC con nutrición enteral (NE) asistidos por un equipo especializado en domicilio. Materiales y métodos: cohorte retrospectiva sobre datos de historia clínica, evaluados durante un año (2018-2019). Se evaluó: z score de .peso (Pz), z score de talla (Tz), z score de índice de masa corporal (IMC) (IMCz). En los que no pudo usarse pediómetro, se utilizó medición de la longitud de la tibia (LT). Se los dividió en:
Introduction: children with cerebral palsy (CP) usually present nutritional compromise. Objectives: to evaluate the anthropometric nutritional status of children with CP with enteral nutrition (EN) assisted by a specialized team at home. Materials and methods: a retrospective cohort study on clinical report data, evaluated during one year (2018-2019). The following were evaluated: weight z score (Pz), height z score (Tz), BMI z score (BMIz). In those that could not be used a pediometer, measurement of the tibia length (TL) was used. They were divided into: <10 years (Group1) and >10 years (Group2). The following were excluded: genetic syndromes and/or refractory epilepsy, and those who did not adhere to nutritional treatment. Complications associated with nutritional treatment were recorded. Results: 72 patients were analyzed, Group 1: 38 patients: baseline: Tz x -2.85 (-4.50, -1.41), Pz x -2.83 (-3.72, -1.59), BMIz 0,93 (SD 2,21). Final, Tz was x -2.55 (-3.92, -1.42), Pz x -2.15 (-3.05, -1.03), BMI x: 15.95. Significant differences were observed between the start-end in P p<0.001, T p0.001, and Pz p0.030. Group 2: 34 patients, 2018: Tz x -3.00 (-3.81, -1.53), Pz x -2.63 (-3.68, -2.23), BMIz x -1,75 (DE:1,73). Final Tz x -2.84 (-4.13, -1.25), Pz x -2.84 (-3.42,-1.83) BMI -1,53 (DE: 2,19).Significant differences were observed between the beginning and end of the period observed in the Pz (p=0.049). No severe complications were recorded (hospitalizations, bronchial aspiration, death). Conclusions: an improvement in nutritional status and no severe complications were observed in the period studied
Assuntos
Humanos , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Paralisia Cerebral , Nutrição Parenteral no Domicílio , AntropometriaRESUMO
Objetivos: evaluar la eficacia y complicacciones en pacientes críticos que recibieron nutrición enteral, comparando la nutrición gástrica y la pospilórica. Diseño: ensayo clínico prospectivo randomizado. Lugar: Unidad de Terapia Intensiva polivalente de un Hospital Universitario, de 8 camas. Pacientes: un total de 43 pacientes críticos que requirieron NE durante más de 48 horas. Material y métodos: se evaluaron las siguientes complicaciones relacionadas a la NE: 1) gastrointestinales: alto residuo gástrico, diarrea, vómitos, distensión abdominal, regurgitación, constipación; y 2) no gastrointestinales: hiperglucemia y neumonía. Se evaluó la eficacia de administración como tasa de kcal administradas/prescriptas. Intervenciones: los pacientes fueron randomizados a recibir nutrición gástrica o nutrición post pilórico. Resultados: fueron incluídos 43 pacientes; 24 correspondieron a nutrición gástrica y 19 a nutrición postpilórica. Ambos grupos fueron igual en edad, sexo, APACHE II, Mc Cabe, TISS y mortalidad predicha. No hubo diferencias en el porcentaje de pacientes en asistencia ventilatoria mecánica, ni en mortalidad. El grupo postpilórico presento mayor día de ventilación mecánica y en estadía en UTI. Se presentaron 81 por ciento de complicaciones gastrointestinales (NG: 84 NPP: 79), todos las variables no fueron significativas...
Assuntos
Humanos , Intubação Gastrointestinal , Nutrição Enteral/instrumentação , Nutrição Enteral/métodos , Estudos ProspectivosRESUMO
Malnutrition in the hospital is not a new or rare problem, however, it is often unrecognized. In order to determine the baseline nutritional characteristics of recently hospitalized patients, we assessed the nutritional status of all medical in-patients between April and December 1994 in a large hospital in the province of Buenos Aires. One hundred and seventy patients were derived from the internal Medicine ward and 176 patients from the General Surgery ward. Surgery patients were younger (median: 46 years vs 58 years of the Medicine patients). Among Medicine patients, cardiovascular and respiratory affictions were the most common (30 percent), while gastrointestinal disorders were more often seen in Surgical patients (71 percent). A weight loss of more than 10 percent (percent WL)was found in 12 percent of the Medicine and Surgery patients and a body mass index (BMI) of less than 19 kg/m2 was observed in about 5 percent of both groups. Ten percent of the Medicine patients and 14 percent of the Surgery patients were overweight. A mid-upper arm muscle circumference (MUAMC) less than the fifth percentile was found in 11 percent of the Medicine patients but in only 3 percent of the Surgery patients. These results suggest that this population of recently hospitalized patients is at high-risk for medical complications. Therefore, early nutrition assessment and appropriate nutrition intervention are required to improve clinical outcome and help reduce the cost of health care.