Hipomineralização de molares e incisivos e doença celíaca / Molar incisor hypomineralization and celiac disease

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is a developmental enamel defect with multifactorial etiology. Although the relationship between celiac disease (CD) and developmental enamel defect was demonstrated, the association between CD and MIH is uncertain. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to analyze the occurrence of MIH in CD patients. METHODS: Forty CD patients and a control group with 40 healthy individuals were selected. A calibrated examiner (k≥0.889) according to the European Academy of Pediatric Dentistry criteria performed the diagnosis of MIH. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and Fischer's exact test (α=0.05). RESULTS: Of the 80 participants, ten presented MIH with eight individuals with CD. Celiac patients presented 4.75 times the chance of occurrence of MIH than the control group (95% CI: 2.22-10.18; P=0.044). In all the evaluated teeth (n=978), 22 had MIH: 20 teeth in individuals with CD and two in those without the disease. All CD participants with MIH presented the classic form of the disease. CD participants showed 17 teeth (85.0%) with demarcated opacities, two (10.0%) post-eruptive collapses and one (5.0%) atypical restoration. The control group presented only demarcated opacities. CONCLUSION: CD increased the chance of MIH and associated with its clinical manifestations can assist in the diagnosis of CD.

RESUMO CONTEXTO: A hipomineralização de molares e incisivos (HMI) é um defeito de desenvolvimento de esmalte com etiologia multifatorial. Embora a relação entre doença celíaca (DC) e defeito de desenvolvimento de esmalte já tenha sido demonstrada, a associação entre DC e HMI ainda é incerta. OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a ocorrência de HMI em pacientes com DC. MÉTODOS: Foram selecionados 40 pacientes com DC e um grupo controle com 40 indivíduos sem a doença. O diagnóstico da HMI foi realizado por examinador calibrado (k≥0,889) segundo critérios da Academia Europeia de Odontopediatria. Dados foram analisados por estatística descritiva e teste exato de Fischer (α=0,05). RESULTADOS: Dos 80 participantes, 10 apresentaram HMI sendo 8 indivíduos com DC. Pacientes celíacos apresentaram 4,75 vezes a chance de ocorrência de HMI que grupo controle (IC 95%: 2,22-10,18; P=0,044). No total dos dentes avaliados (n=978), 22 apresentaram HMI: 20 dentes em indivíduos com DC e 2 entre aqueles sem a doença. Todos os participantes com DC e portadores de HMI apresentavam a forma clássica da doença. Participantes com DC mostraram 17 (85,0%) dentes com opacidades demarcadas, 2 (10,0%) colapsos pós-eruptivos e 1 (5,0%) restauração atípica. Grupo controle apresentou apenas opacidades demarcadas. CONCLUSÃO: DC aumentou a chance de HMI e associada a manifestações clínicas da DC pode auxiliar no diagnóstico da doença.

Oral Findings in Brazilian Infants Born at Full Term

Objective: To evaluate the oral findings of Brazilian infants born at full term as well as to identify the presence of abnormalities at birth. Material and Methods: Cross-sectional study comprising 190 infants aged up to 2 days old. Data were obtained by applying a structured questionnaire to the mothers as well as by collecting information from the infants' medical records. Clinical examination was conducted to evaluate the infants' oral features and it included the relationship of alveolar ridges and shape of the gum pads and the insertion of the lingual and labial frenula. The presence of oral developmental abnormalities was also evaluated. Chi-square and Mann-Whitney U tests were used to analyze the infants' abnormalities and gender (α = 0.05). Results: Most infants presented round upper gum pads (71.6%) and U-shaped lower one (52.6%). The mean discrepancy between the alveolar ridges was 3.33mm. Interference with tongue movement was found in 12.6% of the newborns. There was 50.0% prevalence of oral cysts. Among them, Epstein pearl was found in 27.4% of the cases, Bohn nodules in 26.3%, and dental lamina cysts in 11.1%. There was no significant difference between the occurrence of abnormalities and the infants' gender. The normal features of the oral cavity meet the literature data. The herein found congenital developmental abnormalities were oral cysts and ankyloglossia. Conclusion: Different classification forms made it difficult to compare the current study data with those from other studies. Therefore, it suggests the need for standardization in order to evaluate these abnormalities.