Investigation on Demodex infections among university students in Kunming City / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To investigate the prevalence of Demodex infection among students in Kunming Medical University, and identify the factors affecting Demodex infections, so as to provide the evidence for the development of the strategy for the prevention of Demodex infections. Methods A total of 1 463 students from Grade 2014 who studied Medical Parasitology in Kunming Medical University were included in the survey. Demodex was examined in students’facial skin using the cellophane tape method, and the species was identified using microscopy. The students’gender, ethnicity, place of origin and skin type were captured using a questionnaire survey. Results The overall prevalence of Demodex infections was 19.07% (279/1 463) on the facial skin among the university students, and a higher prevalence was seen in girls (21.16%, 183/865) than in boys (16.05%, 96/598) (χ2 =5.965,P <0.05).TheprevalenceofDemodex infectionswas18.33%(66/360)amongminorethnicstudents,andnoethnicity-specific prevalence was seen (P > 0.05). Demodex folliculorum was the predominant species, with a prevalence of 50.54% (141/279), and mild infections were predominant among all infections (96.77%, 270/279), without severe infections seen. Multivariate nonconditional logistic regression analysis revealed that gender and roommates with Demodex infections were risk factors of Demodex infections, and the infection was not associated with ethnicity, place of origin or skin type. There were only 2.53% (37/1 463) of the subjects understanding the knowledge pertaining to the prevention and control of Demodex infection. Conclusions A relatively low prevalence of Demodex infection is detected in the facial skin of students from Kunming Medical University, and Demodex infection is associated with gender and roommates with Demodex infections. Health education pertaining to the prevention of Demodex infections is suggested to be intensified among university students.

Analysis for Discordance of Positive and Negative Blood Typing by Gel Card / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the method of Gel card identifying ABO blood group, determine the inconsistent cause and the distribution of disease affecting factors, and put forward a method of its solutions.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>To collect 240 positive and negative typing-discordant blood speciments from patients examined by Gel card and send these speciments to blood type reference laboratory for examining with the classic tube method and serological test, such as salivary blood-group substance, in order to performe genotyping method when serologic test can not be determined.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among 240 positive and negative typing-discordant blood speciments from patients examined by Gel card, 107 blood speciments were positive and negative consistent examined by false agglutination test (44.58%), 133 blood specinents were discordent examined by false agglutination (55.42%), out of them, 35 cases (14.58%) with inconsistent cold agglutination test, 22 cases (9.17%) with weakened AB antigenicity, 16 cases (6.67%) with ABO subtyping, 12 cases (5.00%) with positive direct antiglobulin test, 11 cases (4.58%) with reduced or without antibodies, 11 cases (4.58%) with false aggregation caused by drugs or protein, 11 cases (4.58%) with salivary blood-type substances, 8 cases (3.33%) with non-ABO alloantibody, and 7 cases (2.92%) with allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. The distribution of disease were following: blood disease (16.83%), tumor (11.88%), and cardiopulmonary diseases (11.39%); chi-square test results indicated that the distribution significantly different.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The analysis of ABO blood grouping shows a variety factors influencing positive and negative blood typing, and the Gel Card identification can produc more false positive blood types. Therefore, more attention should be paid on the high incidence diseases, such as blood disease, tumor, and cardiopulmonary disease.</p>

Characteristics of blood type irregular antibodies in Han population of Chinese Sichuan area / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the distribution of irregular antibody of red blood cells in Han population of Chinese Sichuan area, so as to provide valuable information for the safety of transfusion and decrease of immune hemolytic transfusion reaction.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Blood samples from June 2006 to May 2013 were tested for irregular antibody screening and identification, calculating the composition rate, group characteristics and the positive detection rate of irregular antibody.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 36287 blood samples were tested, out of them 571 samples were the irregular antibody positive, the positive rate was 1.574%(571/36 287), specific alloantibodies were found in 312 samples, the positive rate was 0.860%(312/36287). And autoantibody was found in 259 samples, the positive rate was 0.714%(259/36 287). The specific alloantibodies ratio in Rh system was the highest, reaching to 73.72%(230/312) with the positive rate of 0.634%;36 cases in Lewis system, account for 11.54%(36/312) with the positive rate of 0.099%; 34 cases in MNS system account for 10.89%(34/312) with the positive rate of 0.094%; direct coomb test showed positive result in 284 samples, the rate was 0.78%. The detected rate of positive irregular antibody in female is obviously higher than that in male patients (P<0.001), and it is also higher in people with pregnancy or transfusion than that in those without it (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The irregular antibody screening and identification are very important in blood transfusion, especially for female and people with transfusion or pregnant history.</p>

Differences in willingness to donate cadaveric organ between young donor families and adult donor families: evidence from the Hunan Province, China / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>The Red Cross of China and Ministry of Health jointly started a pilot program of organ donation after cardiac death to overcome the shortage of available organs since 2010. The purpose of this qualitative study were to compare the consent rate of organ donation between young donor families and adult donor families; to explore and determine factors associated with differences in willingness to donate organs between them. Research objective was to provide a rationale for further preparation of professionals involved in this sensitive work.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Between March 2010 and June 2012, 24 young deceased patients including donors and non-donors and 96 potential adult donors were collected, and consent rates of young donors' families and adult donors' families were calculated. A χ(2) test analysis to compare the consent rates of the two groups was conducted. We studied through semistructured interviews 15 parents of young donors and 15 relatives of old donors who were interviewed for petition of consent. Data collection and analysis of the overall study were performed according to the grounded theory methodology. Factors that influenced the families' decisions were identified and classified. We found the differences in willingness to donate organs between the two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The consent rate of young donor families was 66.67%, while the consent rate of adult donor families was 26.04%. Young donor families easily consented to organ donation than adult donor families (P < 0.005). The donors' families had been affected by various factors throughout the process of deciding to give consent for donation. The findings led to the formulation of an empirically based model of interlinking categories that influence families' decision-making process in organ donation. These factors are grouped into five main categories: (1) personal factors, (2) conditions of organ request, (3) interpersonal factors, (4) ethical factors, and (5) traditional views. The funeral tradition influenced the young donor parents' consent to donation, but had no relation with family decision of adult donors. And the family members of young donors are relatively less, who are more likely to reach a consensus.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Young donor families influenced by traditional funeral beliefs are easier to consent to organ donation than adult donor families. Family members of young donors are relatively less who are more likely to reach a consensus. Acceptance of the expanded criteria donors may improve the organ donation rates, especially those of the advanced age.</p>

The situation of stomatological basic research supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China in the past decade / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To review the situation of stomatological research projects supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) and to analyze the status of stomatological research and obtained achievements in the past decade.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The internet-based science information system of NSFC together with Yearbook of Chinese Stomatology was served as the basis of data collection. All of the data were arranged and analyzed by Excel.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 866 projects and 234.4054 billion Yuan were supported by NSFC during the past decade, and they were increasing continuously. The average supportive strength of each single project was also enhanced. The percentage of projects supported by the NSFC for young scientists accounted for the biggest proportion. The approved projects of stomatology were covering an increasingly wide area of the subjects. The projects number of different areas kept growing, and further investigations were done in these projects. The areas number were from 10 increasing to 26.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>With the support of NSFC, great progress has been made in stomatology, and the interdisciplinary research between stomatology and other disciplines is more active.</p>

A review of WHO Laboratory Manual for the Examination and Processing of Human Semen (5th edition) / 中华男科学杂志

This paper presents a review of the contribution, revision and defects of the 5th edition of WHO Laboratory Manual for the Examination and Processing of Human Semen published in 2010. The pity is that the book lacks the data from China. The normal spermatozoon morphology as 4% seems incredible and hard to be applied in practice. The reference values provided by WHO are important records of past findings, but do not hold good for all time. The Manual cannot be looked upon as a "Bible" but a new starting point. It is an inescapable responsibility of Chinese andrologists to establish a set of criteria for human semen analysis specifically applicable to Chinese males.

The effect of transforming growth factor-beta1 on EDA region of fibronectin in oral squamous cell carcinoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma cells / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) on EDA region of fibronectin in oral squamous cell carcinoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction technique were used to detect the changes of EDA proteins and mRNAs expression.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The immunostaining ratio in Tca83 cells with TGF-beta1 was greatly higher than that in Tca83 cells without TGF-beta1 (P < 0.01), the immunostaining ratio in SACC-83 cells with TGF-beta1 was higher than that in SACC-83 cells without TGF-beta1 (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference between SACC-LM cells with TGF-beta1 and SACC-LM cells without TGF-beta1 (P > 0.05). In the three oral carcinoma cells, the expression of EDA(+) mRNAs in the group with TGF-beta1 was higher than that in the group without TGF-beta1 (P < 0.05). The expression of EDA(-) mRNAs in the group with TGF-beta1 was lower than that in the group without TGF-beta1 (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>TGF-beta1 could influence EDA region splicings and upregulate the expression of EDA region in Tca83, SACC-83 and SACC-LM cells, and might play an important role in accelerating oral carcinoma cells adhesion and tumor invasion and metastasis.</p>

Mutation detection in SH3BP2 gene in a cherubism family / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To detect SH3BP2 gene mutation in a cherubism family.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Peripheral blood samples were obtained from the family of cherubism. Genomic DNA was extracted. Polymerase chain reaction and direct sequencing were performed to identify the mutation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A transition in exon 9 in SH3BP2 gene was detected in the family, which led to a missense mutation (Arg 415 Pro).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Missense mutation in the SH3BP2 gene was responsible for the phenotypes of this Chinese cherubism family.</p>