OUTCOME OF ULTRASOUND GUIDED FOAM SCLEROTHERAPY IN THE TREATMENT OF VARICOSE VEINS

Varicose veins are one associated aspect of evolution that humans could have happily lived without. It's almost certainly the price we pay for the two-legged erect posture. Though we have achieved cure for various diseases, till now no reliable cure has been found for venous insufficiency.The gold standard for treating chronic venous insufficiency has been surgery. The surgeon dealing with varicose veins has always had to strike a balance between an aesthetically pleasing outcome and a low rate of recurrence and complications. Sclerotherapy, which was first used over 150 years ago, is still the most efficient method for permanently removing pathologically swollen as well as cosmetically unpleasant but otherwise normal veins.Foam sclerotherapy, in which the sclerosant is mixed with air or physiological gases, is more effective than direct injection of sclerosants, because the agent's contact with the endothelium is prolonged by the air in the foam. The use of foam sclerotherapy for big veins has reduced recurrence rates. Large-scale researches have demonstrated the safety of foam sclerotherapy. Foam sclerotherapy has a recurrence rate that is comparable to surgery. The efficacy of foam sclerotherapy has been variable as per different studies across different institutions

Effects of new implant-retained overdentures on masticatory function, satisfaction and quality of life

The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of replacing poorly fitting dentures on patient’s masticatory function, satisfaction and oral healthrelated quality of life. Fourteen patients with conventional maxillary complete dentures and mandibular overdentures retained by two implants bar clip system had their dentures replaced. The laboratory tests for the analysis of masticatory performance were conducted using an “Optocal” food simulator test. Questionnaires were used to evaluate patient satisfaction with dentures and impact of oral health on quality of life. Tests were conducted and questionnaires were administered before and 1, 3 and 6 months after the patient had adapted to the new dentures. Masticatory performance data and satisfaction with dentures (Visual Analogic Scale) were statistically analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey b test, satisfaction with dentures (SATs P) and impact of oral health on quality of life were evaluated using the Wilcoxon and Friedman tests (a=.05). There was no statistically significant improvement in masticatory function after denture replacement, although better outcomes were observed. Satisfaction with dentures and total score obtained using the OHIPedent showed significant improvement. It can be suggested that the potential for grinding food, patient satisfaction and aspects of quality of life improved immediately after denture replacement.

Avaliar os efeitos da substituição de próteses mal adaptadas na função mastigatória, satisfação e qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal do paciente. Quatorze pacientes com próteses totais convencionais maxilares e overdentures retidas por dois implantes mandibulares sistema barra clip e tiveram suas próteses substituídas .Os testes laboratoriais para análise da performance mastigatória foram realizados utilizando um simulador de alimento “Optocal”. Foram utili za dos questionários para avaliar a satisfação com a prótese eo impacto da saúde bucal na qualidade de vida. Os testes foram realizados e os questionários foram aplicados antes, 1, 3 e 6 meses após o paciente ter adaptado às novas próteses. Os dados da performance mastigatória e satisfação com a prótese (EscalaAnalógica Visual) foram analisados estatistica mente por análise de variância e teste de Tukey b, a satisfação com próteses (SATs P) e o impacto da saúde bucal na qualidade de vida foram avaliados pormeio dos testes de Wilcoxon e Friedman (a = 0,05). Não houve melhora estatisticamente significativa na função mastigatória após a troca das próteses, embora melhores resultados foram observados após a substituição. Satisfação com a prótese e a somatória total obtida utilizando o OHIPEdent mostraram melhora significativa. Pode se sugerir que o potencial de trituração dos alimentos, a satisfação do paciente com as novas próteses e aspectos da qualidade de vida melhoraram imediatamente após a substituição da prótese.

Low levels of anti TB drug resistance in Rayagada district of Odisha, India

A study was conducted at Rayagada district of Odisha, India, among smear-positive tuberculosis [TB] patients to determine the resistance pattern to first-line drugs. Sputum samples were collected from 405 new and 37 previously treated patients and were tested at Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar. Resistance to any anti-tubercular drug was observed to be 5.2% among new cases and 16.1% among previously treated patients, while multidrug-resistant tuberculosis [MDR-TB] was found to be 0% in new and 8.1% in previously treated cases. Such a low level of resistance may be due to the limited use of TB drugs outside the ongoing program.

Decontamination of sputum for longer time in sodium hydroxide for isolation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Decontamination by modified Petroff s method is being practiced in many laboratories carrying out Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture and drug susceptibility testing. The method exposes mycobacteria to 4% sodium hydroxide for 30 min. However, laboratories in developing countries with limited resources might be using a type of centrifuge that does not open during power failures and exposes the mycobacteria to alkali for longer periods. Out of 28 smear-positive specimens processed, 85.7%, 85.7% and 60.7% of specimens showed a positive culture after exposure to alkali for 0.5, 1.0 and 72 h. Laboratories compelled to expose the mycobacteria for a longer duration of time can still attempt isolation for culture as only a small amount of bacteria are needed for culture positivity

study of dental hygiene and decayed, missed, and filled status among patients attending dental OPD of Bankura Sammilani Medical College, India

Background: Dental hygiene is poor in India. The study was conducted to estimate the decayed, missed, filled [DMF] status of patients attending dental out patient department [OPD] and how DMF correlates with relevant cofactors. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in OPD of Bankura Sammilani Medical College and Hospital [BSMCH] in 2007. A systematic random sampling technique was used to recruit patients [n=102] attending OPD of BSMCH. Participants were interviewed using pre-designed and pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire Results: DMFT index was highest for 36-42 year male population [6.9] and 29-35 year females [5.5]. The index was poor among illiterates and was worst for primary school graduates. Improvement in literacy level resulted in decreased DMFT progressively thereafter. The best DMFT was among those who lived below the poverty line. It was poorest among persons addicted to Gurakhu, Gutkha, and Pan Parag [9.7]. Toothbrush and dentifrice was used by 76% participants. Washing mouth after eating sweets was reported by 69 subjects with DMFT 4.5. Conclusion: DMFT index was worst for primary school graduates and persons addicted to Gurakhu, Gutkha, and Pan Parag

Ellis van Creveld syndrome with unusual association of essential infantile esotropia

Ellis-van Creveld syndrome is a rare short-limbed disproportionate dwarfism characterized by postaxial polydactyly, several skeletal, oral mucosal and dental anomalies, nail dysplasia and in 50-60% cases of congenital cardiac defects. It is an autosomal recessive disorder with mutations of the EVC1 and EVC2 genes located on chromosome 4p16. Patients with this syndrome usually have a high mortality in early life due to cardiorespiratory problems. We present the case of a six-month-old female infant with Elis-van Creveld syndrome - essential infantile esotropia, which has been infrequently documented in the literature

Van der Knaap syndrome, a case from West Bengal, India

Leucodystrophies are a group of white matter diseases caused by an abnormality in the formation or maintenance of one or more components of the myelin sheath. The devastating course of the disease coupled with the lack of any defi nitive treatment render them potentially fatal and incurable. Van der Knaap Syndrome, also known as megaloencephalic leucoencephalopathy with subcortical cyst, is a relatively new and rare entity. Although reported sporadically from Europe, Asia and the Agarwal community in India, there is practically no case report from the eastern part of India. We present a case of van der Knaap syndrome in an adult female with some atypical features.