Endoscopic Resection of a Giant Duodenal Brunner's Gland Adenoma / 대한소화기학회지

Brunner's gland adenoma is a rare tumor of duodenum. Patients are usually aymptomatic and most are discovered incidentally during the upper gastrointestinal (GI) series or esophagogastroduodenoscopy. These lesions are most commonly located in the duodenal bulb and clinical manifestations are variable. In symptomatic patients, the most common manifestations are GI hemorrhage and duodenal obstruction. On histologic examination, Brunner's gland adenoma that causes clinical symptoms is composed of hyperplastic Brunner's glands and contains mostly an admixture of glandular, adipose, and muscular tissues. We report a case of large Brunner's gland adenoma causing upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage in a 47-year-old woman which was successfully removed by endoscopic resection without complications such as bleeding or perforation. Microscopically, it was entirely composed of variable Brunner's glands.

A Case of Endoscopic Hemoclip Management of Dieulafoy-like Lesion on the Hyperplastic Polyp in the Duodenum / 대한소화기내시경학회지

Dieulafoy's lesion (DL) is an uncommon but important cause of massive upper gastrointestinal bleeding that has been reported to be involved in 0.3~6.7% of cases of major gastrointestinal bleeding. The lesion usually occurs in the lesser curvature of the stomach within 6 cm of the gastroesophageal junction. Similar lesions have also been observed in the esophagus, duodenum, small intestine, colon, and rectum. Most DLs encountered in the duodenum occur in the bulb. Recently, with the advances in endoscopic techniques, the successful management of DL has been achieved through the application of a hemoclip or elastic band ligation. In particular, the application of a hemoclip is considered to be a safe and effective treatment for DL located on a relatively narrow and thin walled canal such as the duodenum. We report the successful application of endoscopic hemoclipping for the treatment of a rare Dieulafoy-like lesion on a hyperplastic polyp in the 2nd portion of the duodenum.

A Case of Aggravated Esophageal Candidiasis and Gastric Yeast Bezoar Formation following Gastric Outlet Obstruction due to Duodenal Stenosis / 대한소화기내시경학회지

Esophageal candidiasis is the most common disease among all candida infections of the gastrointestinal tract, and generally develops in immunocompromised patients. The prevalence of esophageal candidiasis has increased in patients undergoing antibiotic therapy, diabetes, adrenal dysfunction, alcohol intoxication, old age, esophageal injury, esophageal stasis, gastric surgery, and acid suppressive therapy. However, the overall prevalence is not higher than that of immunocompromised patients. Gastric candidiasis is uncommon because of the strong acidity of the gastric juices. The most common clinical setting for gastric candidiasis is in patients with neoplastic disease. However, there are some case reports suggesting an increase in the prevalence of gastric candidiasis after gastric ulcer therapy with surgery or acid suppressive agents. Delayed gastric emptying, increased intragastric pH, and reflux of the duodenal contents into the stomach are factors indicative of the pathophysiology of gastric candidiasis after gastric surgery. We encountered a case of aggravated esophageal candidiasis and the formation of a gastric yeast bezoar following a gastric outlet obstruction due to a duodenal stenosis. We herein report this case along with an overview of the relevant literature.