RESUMO
As a traditional Chinese medicinal material， Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus is often used as medicine after steaming to reduce its pungency and give full play to its medicinal effects. By consulting the relevant literature， this paper intends to sort out the related researches on the processing history， modern processing standard records， flavor and meridian tropism， efficacy， processing and taking methods， processing technology， chemical composition， pharmacological effects and quality analysis of Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus. It is found that the processing methods of Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus in the past dynasties are mainly roasting， distilled into dew， aging， frying， salting and steaming， of which steaming is the most common. In modern times， steaming is mainly used in Guangdong and Sichuan. The descriptions of flavor and meridian tropism and efficacy of Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus in the past dynasties are basically consistent with the modern descriptions. Its taste is pungent， bitter and acidic， and it is warm in nature. It belongs to the liver， spleen， stomach and lung meridians. Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus contains volatile oil， flavonoids and their glycosides， coumarins and limonins and other compounds. In recent years， high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）， gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS） and ultra performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry （UPLC-MS） and other methods are commonly used for the chemical composition analysis. Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus has the activities of relieving cough， reducing phlegm， relieving asthma， anti-inflammation， anti-bacteria and anti-oxidation， etc. After processing， its volatile and non-volatile components， and pharmacological effects all have a certain change. However， the current research on processing of Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus is not in-depth enough. It is necessary to further analyze the material basis of steaming to reduce dryness， explore its dryness medicinal substances and dryness-effect quantitative correlation， so as to clarify its processing mechanism， and provide basis for the subsequent processing research， resource development and comprehensive application of Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus in the future.
RESUMO
Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine in China. By referring to herbal monographs and related research documents， and comparing all editions of Chinese Pharmacopoeia and local processing specifications， the processing history， modern processing specifications， study on chemical constituents and pharmacological effects before and after processing of Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium were summarized. It was found that the processing methods of Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium in the past dynasties were mainly cleansing， cutting and frying. The processing methods of Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium included in all editions of Chinese Pharmacopoeia were all cleansing and cutting. In modern local processing specifications， there were mainly processing methods such as frying， steaming and carbonizing. The components of Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium were mainly volatile oil and flavonoids. After processing， the total amount of volatile oil generally decreased， and the contents and compositions of volatile oil and flavonoids also changed. It may be the main reason for the difference of efficacy before and after processing. At present， the optimization of processing technology of Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium mainly focuses on steaming， processing with vinegar and baking. Pharmacological research on Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium mainly focuses on reducing blood lipid， relieving cough， relieving asthma and resolving phlegm， and inhibiting pulmonary fibrosis. The current research on the processing methods of Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium is not in-depth enough， the material basis of many processing methods has not been clarified， and the research on the efficacy before and after processing is not in-depth enough. Further research is needed to clarify the material basis and mechanism after the processing of Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium， so as to standardize the processing method and establish specific quality standards.