Effect of Qiwei Baizhusan on Cognitive Dysfunction in Rats with Diabetic Encephalopathy Based on PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β Signaling Pathway / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo observe the therapeutic effect of Qiwei Baizhusan（QWBZS） on diabetic encephalopathy（DE） rat model， and to explore the possible mechanism of QWBZS in the treatment of DE based on phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase（PI3K）/protein kinase B（Akt）/glycogen synthase kinase-3β（GSK-3β） signaling pathway. MethodForty-eight SPF male Wistar rats were randomly divided into blank group（8 rats） and high-fat diet group（40 rats）. After 12 weeks of feeding， rats in the high-fat diet group were intraperitoneally injected with 35 mg·kg-1 of 1% streptozotocin（STZ） for 2 consecutive days to construct a DE model， and rats in the blank group were injected with the same amount of sodium citrate buffer. After successful modeling， according to blood glucose and body weight， model rats were randomly divided into model group， low， medium and high dose groups of QWBZS（3.15， 6.3， 12.6 g·kg-1）， combined western medicine group（metformin+rosiglitazone， 0.21 g·kg-1）， with 6 rats in each group. The administration group was given the corresponding dose of drug by gavage， and the blank group and the model group were given an equal volume of 0.9% sodium chloride solution by gavage， 1 time/day for 6 weeks. Morris water maze was used to detect the spatial memory ability of DE rats. Fasting insulin （FINS） level was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA） and insulin resistance index（HOMA-IR） was calculated. Hematoxylin-eosin（HE） staining was used to observe the morphological changes of hippocampus in rats， ELISA was used to detect the indexes of oxidative stress in hippocampal tissues， real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction（Real-time PCR） was used to detect mRNA expression levels of PI3K， Akt， nuclear transcription factor-κB（NF-κB）， tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α） and interleukin-1β（IL-1β） in hippocampus， and Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of PI3K， Akt， phosphorylated（p）-Akt， GSK-3β and p-GSK-3β in hippocampus of rats. ResultCompared with the blank group， FINS and HOMA-IR values of the model group were significantly increased（P<0.01）， the path of finding the original position of the platform was significantly increased， and the escape latency was significantly prolonged（P<0.01）， the morphology of neuronal cells in hippocampal tissues was disrupted， the levels of reactive oxygen species（ROS） and malondialdehyde（MDA） in hippocampus of rats were increased， and the activity of superoxide dismutase（SOD） was decreased（P<0.05， P<0.01）， mRNA expression levels of PI3K and Akt were decreased（P<0.01）， mRNA expression levels of NF-κB， TNF-α and IL-1β were increased（P<0.05， P<0.01）， the protein expression levels of PI3K， p-Akt and p-GSK-3β were significantly decreased， and the protein expression of GSK-3β was significantly increased（P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the FINS and HOMA-IR values of the medium dose group of QWBZS and the combined western medicine group were significantly decreased（P<0.01）， the path of finding the original position of the platform and the escape latency were significantly shortened（P<0.01）， the hippocampal tissue structure of rats was gradually recovered， and the morphological damage of nerve cells was significantly improved， the contents of ROS and MDA in hippocampus of rats decreased and the level of SOD increased（P<0.01）， the mRNA expression levels of PI3K and Akt were increased（P<0.01）， and the mRNA expression levels of NF-κB， TNF-α and IL-1β were decreased （P<0.05， P<0.01）， the protein expression levels of PI3K， p-Akt and p-GSK-3β were significantly increased（P<0.01）， and the expression of GSK-3β was significantly decreased（P<0.01）. ConclusionQWBZS can alleviate insulin resistance in DE rats， it may repair hippocampal neuronal damage and improve learning and cognitive ability of DE rats by activating PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β signaling pathway.

Considerations on investigation on quality standard of Chinese patent medicine / 药学学报

Chinese patent medicine (CPM) is an important part of traditional and Chinese medicine (TCM). Its quality has direct impact on the safety and effectiveness of clinical use. The quality standard is the pivotal approach to guarantee the quality of CPM. Due to the complex material basis, multitudinous quality influencing factors and unveiled active ingredients, dose-effect relationship and action mechanism, the investigation on quality standard faces many difficulties. This paper surveys the current quality status of CPM and the general situation of CPM standards. At present, the dosing problem has the crucial impact on the quality of CPM. The current quality standard system of CPM is confirmed and the limitations are indicated. Based on the above analysis, the principles and considerations on investigation of quality standard are proposed as follows: ① Adhere to safety as the bottom line, strengthen the risk-control ability of the standard of CPM; ② Adhere to theory of TCM and comprehensive quality, improve the integrative control level of the CPM standard; ③ Emphasize technological development and innovation, promote the quality control competence of CPM standard; ④ Facilitate planning and coordination, optimize the management of the CPM standard system; ⑤ Reinforce investigation on evaluation method, develop grade evaluation standard, accelerate high-quality development of CPM. Finally, the future perspective on investigation of CPM quality standard is prospected.

Molecular detection and phylogenetic analysis of Wolbachia infection in common mosquito species in Henan Province / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To investigate the infection and genotypes of Wolbachia in common mosquito species in Henan Province, so as to provide insights into management of mosquito-borne diseases. Methods Aedes, Culex and Anopheles samples were collected from cowsheds, sheepfolds and human houses in Puyang, Nanyang City and Xuchang cities of Henan Province from July to September, 2022, and the infection of Wolbachia was detected. The 16S rDNA and wsp genes of Wolbachia were amplified and sequenced. Sequence alignment was performed using the BLAST software, and the obtained 16S rDNA gene sequence was compared with the sequence of the 16S rDNA gene in GenBank database. In addition, the phylogenetic trees were created based on 16S rDNA and wsp gene sequences using the software MEGA 11.0. Results A total 506 female adult mosquitoes were collected from three sampling sites in Nanyang, Xuchang City and Puyang cities from July to September, 2022. The overall detection of Wolbachia was 45.1% (228/506) in mosquitoes, with a higher detection rate in A. albopictus than in Cx. pipiens pallens [97.9% (143/146) vs. 50.6% (85/168); χ2 = 88.064, P < 0.01]. The detection of Wolbachia in Cx. pipiens pallens was higher in Xuchang City (96.8%, 62/64) than in Nanyang (15.6%, 7/45) and Puyang cities (27.1%, 16/59) (χ2 = 89.950, P < 0.01). The homologies of obtained Wolbachia 16S rDNA and wsp gene sequences were 95.3% to 100.0% and 81.7% to 99.8%. Phylogenetic analysis based on wsp gene sequences showed Wolbachia supergroups A and B in mosquito samples, with wAlbA and wMors strains in supergroup A and wPip and wAlbB strains in supergroup B. Wolbachia strain wAlbB infection was detected in A. albopictus in Puyang and Nanyang Cities, while Wolbachia strain wPip infection was identified in A. albopictus in Xuchang City. Wolbachia strain wAlbA infection was detected in Cx. pipiens pallens sampled from three cities, and one Cx. pipiens pallens was found to be infected with Wolbachia strain wMors in Nanyang City. Conclusions Wolbachia infection is commonly prevalent in Ae. albopictus and Cx. pipiens pallens from Henan Province, and Wolbachia strains wAlbB and wAlbA are predominant in Ae. albopictus, while wPip strain is predominant in Cx. pipiens pallens. This is the first report to present Wolbachia wMors strain infection in Cx. pipiens pallens in Henan Province.

Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the management of imported malaria in China / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To examine the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the epidemic status of imported malaria and national malaria control program in China, so as to provide insights into post-elimination malaria surveillance. Methods All data pertaining to imported malaria cases were collected from Anhui Province, Hubei Province, Henan Province, Zhejiang Province and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region during the period from January 1, 2018 through December 31, 2021. The number of malaria cases, species of malaria parasites, country where malaria parasite were infected, diagnosis and treatment after returning to China, and response were compared before (from January 1, 2018 to January 22, 2020) and after the COVID-19 pandemic (from January 23, 2020 to December 31, 2021). Results A total of 2 054 imported malaria cases were reported in Anhui Province, Hubei Province, Henan Province, Zhejiang Province and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region during the period from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2021, and there were 1 722 cases and 332 cases reported before and after the COVID-19 pandemic, respectively. All cases were reported within one day after definitive diagnosis. The annual mean number of reported malaria cases reduced by 79.30% in Anhui Province, Hubei Province, Henan Province, Zhejiang Province and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region after the COVID-19 pandemic (171 cases) than before the pandemic (826 cases), and the number of monthly reported malaria cases significantly reduced in Anhui Province, Hubei Province, Henan Province, Zhejiang Province and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region since February 2020. There was a significant difference in the constituent ratio of species of malaria parasites among the imported malaria cases in Anhui Province, Hubei Province, Henan Province, Zhejiang Province and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region before and after the COVID-19 pandemic (χ2 = 146.70, P < 0.05), and P. falciparum malaria was predominant before the COVID-19 pandemic (72.30%), while P. ovale malaria (44.28%) was predominant after the COVID-19 pandemic, followed by P. falciparum malaria (37.65%). There was a significant difference in the constituent ratio of country where malaria parasites were infected among imported malaria cases in Anhui Province, Hubei Province, Henan Province, Zhejiang Province and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region before and after the COVID-19 pandemic (χ2 = 13.83, P < 0.05), and the proportion of malaria cases that acquired Plasmodium infections in western Africa reduced after the COVID-19 pandemic that before the pandemic (44.13% vs. 37.95%; χ2 = 4.34, P < 0.05), while the proportion of malaria cases that acquired Plasmodium infections in eastern Africa increased after the COVID-19 pandemic that before the pandemic (9.58% vs. 15.36%; χ2 = 9.88, P = 0.02). The proportion of completing case investigation within 3 days was significantly lower after the COVID-19 pandemic than before the pandemic (96.69% vs. 98.32%; χ2= 3.87, P < 0.05), while the proportion of finishing foci investigation and response within 7 days was significantly higher after the COVID-19 pandemic than before the pandemic (100.00% vs. 98.43%; χ2 = 3.95, P < 0.05). Conclusions The number of imported malaria cases remarkably reduced in Anhui Province, Hubei Province, Henan Province, Zhejiang Province and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of China during the COVID-19 pandemic, with a decreased proportion of completing case investigations within 3 days. The sensitivity of the malaria surveillance-response system requires to be improved to prevent the risk of secondary transmission of malaria due to the sharp increase in the number of imported malaria cases following the change of the COVID-19 containment policy.

Research progress of human surface microbiota and ocular surface diseases / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

The ocular surface microbiota is a part of the human ocular surface microenvironment and is critical to its stability. Many studies have explored the composition of the ocular surface microbiota in health and disease, but the research results are different based on internal and external factors, and the relationship between microorganism dysbiosis and diseases also remains unclear. As the research on intestinal microorganisms and systemic diseases has intensified in recent years, ophthalmic researchers have been inspired to further explore the relationship between ocular surface microbiota and non-infectious ocular surface diseases. Therefore, this article will review the core microbiota of the normal ocular surface as well as alterations in ocular surface microbiota in ocular and systemic diseases, and discuss the possible mechanisms of diseases caused by microorganism dysbiosis, hoping to provide a reference for future studies in ocular surface microbiota.

Experience and thinking of principal investigator system management in laboratories of medical schools / 中华医学科研管理杂志

Objective:Principal Investigator (PI) system is the most common model of scientific research organization and management in colleges and universities. PI is the head of the laboratory or the leader of the research team who has the authority to manage the supporting team, funds, and space (laboratory). We aim to explore the advantages and problems of the PI system implementation and deeply understand how to effectively and scientifically manage the project management, personnel coordination, and fund use of the entire team to promote the scientific research output of the PI platform of medical schools in China.Methods:By concluding and analyzing the management experience and main bottlenecks of PI laboratories at home and abroad, and summarizing our center's experience in assisting the management of PI laboratories in life sciences, we explored a new model of PI system development suitable for China.Results:Under PI system, the person in charge systematically learns to operate his or her laboratory scientifically. Perfection and improvement of the methodologies of team formation, laboratory public affairs management, and laboratory fund management can effectively avoid existing problems and follow the intrinsic laws of scientific research development and truth-seeking, promote the development in discipline development, interdisciplinary cooperation, personnel training, and study style construction.Conclusions:As the leader and manager of the scientific research team, PI is critical to the development of scientific research in universities in China. The incubation of a new scientific management model for the PI team is conducive to promoting the scientific and technological innovation of the PI team and the long-term development of scientific research institutions.

Arousal mechanism after sevoflurane anesthesia in rats: orexinergic modulation in dorsal raphe nucleus by optogenetic and chemogenetic techniques / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective:To investigate the arousal mechanism after sevoflurane anesthesia using orexinergic modulation in dorsal raphe nucleus(DRN) by optogenetic and chemogenetic techniques in rats.Methods:Forty-five healthy male Hcrt-Cre rats, aged 10-12 weeks, weighing 220-250 g, were divided into 6 groups by the random number table method: optical-excitatory group (CHR2 group, n=5), optical-inhibitory group (eNpHR group, n=5), optical-control group (O-CON group, n=5); chemogenetic-excitatory group (hm3Dq group, n=10), chemogenetic-inhibitory group (hm4Di group, n=10) and chemogenetic-control group (C-CON group, n=10). The optogenetic or chemogenetic techniques were used in each group. Three weeks after injecting the rat virus, anesthesia was induced and maintained with 2.7% sevoflurane anesthesia in 1.5 L/min O 2, and the EEG data were continuously recorded throughout the process. The burst suppression ratio (%BSR) was recorded at 2 min before and of laser stimulation. Combining optogenetic and chemogenetic strategies, it was investigated that whether activation of orexinergic projection to DRN could modulate anesthetic behaviors during sevoflurane anesthesia. Results:Compared with C-CON group, the recovery of righting reflex (RORR) time was significantly shortened after sevoflurane anesthesia in hm3Dq group ( P<0.05), and the RORR time was significantly prolonged after sevoflurane anesthesia in hm4Di group and eNpHR group ( P<0.05). Compared with O-CON group or the baseline at 2 min before light stimulation, the %BSR was significantly decreased during 473nm laser stimulation in CHR2 group ( P<0.05), and no statistically significant change was found in the %BSR during 473nm laser stimulation in eNpHR group ( P>0.05). Compared with O-CON group, the RORR time was significantly shortened after sevoflurane anesthesia in CHR2 group ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Lateral hypothalamic area orexin-DRN neural circuit plays a key role in promoting arousal from general anesthesia in rats.

Establishment of animal models for depression in the elderly and progress on their application / 中华老年医学杂志

Geriatric depression in the elderly is becoming one of the most common psychiatric disorders affecting older people's mental and physical health.However, there is currently no systematic review on animal models for geriatric depression.Therefore, this paper analyzes and summarizes the animal models commonly used in geriatric depression studies and the application of antidepressants in geriatric depression models based on relevant national and international literature of recent years, aiming to provide insights on research approaches and considerations on study methods for geriatric depression.

Review on non-surgical treatment for elderly patients with locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

With the aging of population, the elderly (≥65 years old) cancer patients have become one of the main populations for cancer care. For inoperable locally advanced head and neck squamous carcinomas, cisplatin-based concurrent chemoradiotherapy is the first-line choice. Several large clinical studies have shown that patients under 70 years of age can still benefit from concurrent chemoradiotherapy, while it should be cautious to apply chemotherapy to patients aged 70-80 years. For elderly patients who are intolerant to cisplatin, carboplatin or other regimens with less gastrointestinal and renal toxicity should be considered. Although anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) monoclonal antibodies combined with radiotherapy has been proved to be more effective than radiotherapy alone in total patient population, age-subgroup analysis showed limited benefit in elderly patients. The safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors in elderly patients has been validated and those with high programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression may benefit from concurrent or neoadjuvant immunotherapy, however, high-level evidence is still lacking. For patients older than 80 years, radiotherapy alone may be superior to concurrent chemoradiotherapy, and hypofractionated radiotherapy for palliative purposes can be safely used in this population.

Changes of hippocampal gray matter volume and immune related genes in dizocilpine-induced schizophrenia model rats / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective:To investigate the changes of hippocampal gray matter volume and expression of candidate immune related genes in a rat model of schizophrenia established by repeated administration of dizocilpine(MK-801).Methods:Thirty SPF grade Sprague-Dawley male rats at postnatal day 28 were randomly divided into MK-801 medium-dose (0.25 mg/kg) group, MK-801 high-dose(0.50 mg/kg) group and normal saline (5 mL/kg) group according to random number table method, with 10 in each group.Rats were given continuous intraperitoneal administration according to grouping once a day for 14 days.Open field test, novel object recognition test and Y-maze test were used at postnatal day 60 to detect spontaneous activity, exploration ability, anxiety level, object recognition memory ability and spatial working memory of rats, respectively.At postnatal day 67, structural magnetic resonance imaging was used to detect the changes of hippocampal gray matter volume in rat.And at postnatal day 70, qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of candidate immune-related genes in rat hippocampus.SPSS 25.0 was used for statistical analysis, one-way ANOVA was used for comparison among multiple groups, and Tukey test was used for further pairwise comparisons.Results:(1)The behavioral results showed that there were significant differences in the total movement distance, central area activity time, novel object recognition index, and spontaneous correct alternation rate among the three groups ( F=11.15, 10.11, 13.62, 11.99, all P<0.05). The total movement distances in MK-801 medium-dose group and MK-801 high-dose group ((21.44±2.17) m, (22.87±1.96)m) were higher than that in the normal saline group ((18.70±1.88) m) (both P<0.05). The activity time of the central area in the MK-801 medium-dose group and MK-801 high-dose group((3.24±1.58) s, (2.50±1.32) s) were lower than that of the normal saline group ((6.05±2.48)s) (both P<0.01). Novel object recognition indexes in the MK-801 medium-dose group and MK-801 high-dose group((56.10±3.99)%, (54.00±6.41)%) were both lower than that in the normal saline group ((65.90±5.65)%)(both P<0.01), and the rates of spontaneous correct alternation ((54.60±7.03)%, (51.60±8.84)%) in the two groups were lower than that of the normal saline group ((68.40±8.57)%) (both P<0.01). (2) The results of structural magnetic resonance imaging showed that there were significant differences in the volume of hippocampal gray matter among the three groups ( F=9.24, P<0.001). The volumes of hippocampal gray matter in MK-801 medium-dose group and MK-801 high-dose group were lower than that in normal saline group(both P<0.001). (3)By constructing protein-protein interaction network, four candidate immune related genes were screened out: neuropeptide Y (NPY), somatostatin (SST), cholecystokinin (CCK) and tachykinin 1 (TAC1). The results showed that the mRNA expression levels of NPY, SST and CCK in the hippocampus of the three groups were significantly different ( F=11.41, 10.43, 5.85, all P<0.05), but there was no statistical difference in the TAC1 mRNA expression level ( F=0.08, P>0.05). The mRNA levels of NPY, SST and CCK in the hippocampus of rats in the MK-801 high-dose group were lower than those in the normal saline group (all P<0.05). Conclusion:Both medium dose and high dose MK-801 administration can reduce the volume of hippocampal gray matter in schizophrenia model rats, but they have different effects on the expression of hippocampal immune related genes, of which high dose administration has a greater effect.

Risk factors and prognosis of pulmonary hypertension associated with bronchopulmonary dysplasia in extremely preterm infants / 中国新生儿科杂志

Objective:To study the risk factors and prognosis of pulmonary hypertension(PH) associated with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in extremely preterm infants(EPIs).Methods:From January 2020 to December 2021, EPIs [gestational age (GA) <32 w] with BPD admitted to NICU of our hospital were retrospectively assigned into two groups: BPD with late-onset PH(PH group) and BPD without late-onset PH(non-PH group). Their general condition, treatment and prognosis were compared and the risk factors of late-onset PH were analyzed.Results:A total of 229 EPIs with BPD were enrolled, including 24(10.5%) in the PH group and 205(89.5%) in the non-PH group. The PH group had significantly smaller GA [(27.9±2.3) w vs. (28.7±1.8) w], longer mechanical ventilation [42.0(16.0, 84.0) d vs. 9.0(2.0, 23.0) d], longer hospital stay [100.5(86.3, 142.0) d vs. 77.0(56.5, 96.5)d],higher incidence of early-onset PH(54.2% vs. 9.3%) and higher mortality rate(33.3% vs. 9.8%) than the non-PH group ( P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed prolonged mechanical ventilation ( OR=1.046, 95% CI 1.011~1.064), early-onset PH ( OR=5.414, 95% CI 1.796~16.323) were independent risk factors for BPD with late-onset PH. 8(33.3%) patients in the PH group died, including 2 with grade Ⅱ BPD and 6 grade Ⅲ BPD. Conclusions:Prolonged mechanical ventilation and early-onset PH are independent risk factors for late-onset PH in BPD infants. BPD infants with late-onset PH have longer hospital stay, higher mortality and worse prognosis.

Relationship between dyslexia syndrome and death anxiety in patients with primary liver cancer undergoing transcatheter arterial chemoembolization surgery: based on latent profile analysis / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To analyze the characteristics of demoralization in patients with primary liver cancer undergoing transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) and the differences of death anxiety among these types using latent profile analysis.Methods:Based on the cross-sectional design, 216 patients with primary liver cancer undergoing TACE of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University were selected by convenient sampling method from July 2018 to May 2021, and were investigated by using the general data questionnaire, Demoralization Scale and Templer′s Death Anxiety Scale.Results:A total of 139 cases (64.4%) with high demoralization and 120 cases (55.6%) with high death anxiety were detected. The patients were divided into four subtypes: 67 cases(31.0%) in the emotional distress group, 52 cases(24.1%) in the high risk group, 72 cases (33.3%) in the sense loss group, and 25 cases (11.6%) in the low risk group. Tumor stage and working status were the main factors affecting the characteristic classification of demoralization ( β=2.615, 2.085, both P<0.05). There were significant differences in death anxiety among different subtypes of patients ( H=77.00, P<0.01). Conclusions:The level of death anxiety is higher in patients with primary liver cancer after TACE surgery, and there are differences in different subtypes of patients with demoralization. Medical staff should formulate targeted intervention measures for different subtypes of patients to reduce their symptoms of demoralization and death anxiety.

Analysis on constructing a risk prediction model for premature ovarian function failure in patients with uterine fibroids complicated with hypertension after surgery based on decision tree method / 中华内分泌外科杂志

Objective:The decision tree Chi-square automatic interactive detection (CHAID) algorithm and binary Logistic regression analysis were used to construct the risk prediction model of premature ovarian failure (POF) in patients with uterine fibroids complicated with hypertension after surgery, and the results of the risk prediction model were compared and analyzed.Methods:Patients with uterine fibroids complicated with hypertension admitted to Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province from Jan. 2019 to Sep. 2022 were retrospectively analyzed as the research objects. CHAID algorithm and Logistic regression analysis were used to establish risk prediction models, respectively. The area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to compare and evaluate the prediction effects of the two models.Results:A total of 860 patients were collected, including 56 patients with premature ovarian function failure after operation, and the incidence of premature ovarian function failure was 6.51%. CHAID method and Logistic regression analysis showed that uterine myoma surgery, hypertension, smoking or passive smoking, family history of premature ovarian failure, sleep status, physical exercise and history of induced curettage were important influencing factors of premature ovarian failure. The accuracy of risk prediction of decision tree model was 88.2%, and the fitting effect of the model was good. The Logistic regression model Hosmer-Leme-show goodness of fit test showed that the model fit was good. The AUC of Logistic regression model was 0.893 (95% CI: 0.862-0.899), and the AUC of decision tree model was 0.882 (95% CI: 0.856-0.899). The predictive value of the two models was moderate, and there was no significant difference between them ( Z=0.254, P>0.05) . Conclusions:The combination of decision tree and Logistic regression model can find the influencing factors of premature ovarian function failure in patients with uterine fibroids complicated with hypertension after operation from different levels, and the relationship between the factors can be more fully understood. The establishment of a risk model for premature ovarian function failure in patients with uterine fibroids complicated with hypertension after surgery can provide a reference for postoperative intervention in patients with uterine fibroids complicated with hypertension, and more effectively help patients actively prevent and slow down the occurrence and development of POF.

Clinical application of robotic surgical system in re-operation of thyroid cancer / 国际外科学杂志

Objective:To investigate the feasibility, safety and effectiveness of Da Vinci robotic surgical system in the reoperation of recurrent or residual thyroid cancer.Methods:Retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 9 patients with Da Vinci robot-assisted reoperation for thyroid cancer in the 960th Hospital of the People′s Liberation Army of China from September 2018 to January 2022, the operation time, number of lymph nodes dissected, intraoperative blood loss, length of hospital stay, total postoperative drainage volume, incidence of complications, satisfaction with postoperative aesthetic effect, visual analyogue scale (VAS) score at the 24 h after surgery and number of recurrence during follow-up were counted.Results:The surgery time of 9 cases was (186.67±44.44) min, the number of lymph nodes cleared were (15.77±13.59), intraoperative blood loss was (21.11±16.91) mL, hospital stay were (10.67±3.32) days, total postoperative drainage was (286.94±90.85) mL. There was no complications, and all patients were satisfied with the postoperative cosmetic effect whose VAS score was (8.22±1.09), and VAS score was 0 to 3 (2.44±0.73) points, no recurrence during the follow-up period from 6 to 46 months.Conclusion:With adequate preoperative evaluation and an experienced surgeon team, the use of robots in recurrent or residual thyroid cancer resurgery is feasible, safe and effective.

Ozonated triglyceride protects against septic lethality via preventing the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVES@#Sepsis is a critical dysregulated host response with high mortality and current treatment is difficult to achieve optimal efficacy. Ozone therapy has been revealed to protect infection and inflammation-related diseases due to its role in antibiotic and immunoregulatory effect. Ozonated triglyceride is a key component of ozonated oil that is one of ozone therapy dosage form. However, the potential role of ozonated triglyceride in sepsis remains unclear. This study aims to explore the effect of ozonated triglyceride on septic mouse model and the molecular mechanism.@*METHODS@#Intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) were applied to construct septic mouse model. The mouse serum was obtained for detection of cytokines, and lung tissues were collected for hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining to evaluate the extent of lung injury in septic mouse with ozonated triglyceride treatment at different time and doses. The survival of septic mice was observed for 96 h and Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to analyze the survival rates. In addition, primary peritoneal macrophages and human acute monocytic-leukemia cell line (THP-1) were treated with inflammasome activators with or without ozonated triglyceride. The level of cytokines was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The cleavage of caspase-1 and gasdermin-D (GSDMD) was detected by Western blotting.@*RESULTS@#Ozonated triglyceride at different time and doses reduced the release of inflammasome-related cytokines [interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18] (all P<0.05) but not pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in septic mice (all P>0.05). Ozonated triglyceride significantly improved the survival rate of septic mice and reduced sepsis-induced lung injury (all P<0.05). Ozonated triglyceride significantly suppressed the canonical and non-canonical activation of NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome (all P<0.05) but not affected absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) and NLR family CARD domain-containing protein 4 (NLRC4) inflammasomes in vitro (all P>0.05). Ozonated triglyceride reduced the cleavage of caspase-1 and the downstream GSDMD.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Ozonated triglyceride presents a protect effect on sepsis lethality via reducing cytokines release and sepsis-related organ injury. The mechanism is that ozonated triglyceride specifically suppresses the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. Ozonated triglyceride is a promising candidate for sepsis treatment.

Active components and potential mechanism of Taohong Siwu Decoction in regulating ischemic stroke based on target cell trapping combined with network pharmacology, molecular docking, and experimental validation / 中国中药杂志

The potential anti-stroke active components in Taohong Siwu Decoction(THSWD) were identified by target cell trapping coupled with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS). The underlying mechanism of active components in THSWD in the treatment of ischemic stroke(IS) was explored by network pharmacology, molecular docking, and experimental validation. The UPLC-Q-TOF-MS technology combined with the UNIFI data analysis platform was used to analyze the composition of the cellular fragmentation fluid after co-incubation of THSWD with target cells. The targets of potential active components and IS were collected by network pharmacology, and the common targets underwent protein-protein interaction(PPI), Gene Ontology(GO), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) signaling pathway enrichment analyses. The target cell trapping component-core target-signaling pathway network was constructed, and the active components were molecularly docked to the top targets in the PPI network, followed by pharmacodynamic validation in vitro. Fifteen active components were identified in the target cellular fragmentation fluid, including bicyclic monoterpenes, cyanoglycosides, flavonols, quinoid chalcones, phenylpropanoids, and tannins. As revealed by the analysis of network pharmacology, THSWD presumably regulated PI3K-AKT, FoxO, MAPK, Jak-STAT, VEGF, HIF-1, and other signaling pathways to affect inflammatory cascade reaction, angiogenesis, oxidative stress, pyroptosis, apoptosis, and other pathological processes via paeoniflorin, butylphthalide, dehydrated safflower yellow B, 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid, amygdalin, paeoniflorin, and ligusticolactone. Molecular docking and in vitro pharmacodynamic validation revealed that the target cell trapping active components could promote neovascularization in rat brain microvascular endothelial cells(rBMECs) in the oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation(OGD/R) model. The application of target cell trapping coupled with UPLC-Q-TOF-MS technology can rapidly screen out the potential active components in THSWD. The active components of THSWD can be predicted to intervene in the pathogenesis of IS through network pharmacology, and molecular docking combined with experimental validation can further clarify the efficacy, thus providing a theoretical basis for research ideas on the pharmacodynamic substance basis of traditional Chinese medicine compounds.

Helicobacter pylori infection influences the efficacy of immunotherapies for gastric cancer / 中国临床药理学与治疗学

Gastric cancer is a common malignant tumor of digestive tract, and its incidence rate and mortality are very high in China. In recent years, immunotherapy represented by immunocheckpoint inhibitors has brought new therapeutic hope for patients with inoperable advanced gastric cancer. Helicobacter pylori infection is closely related to the occurrence and development of gastric cancer. In this review, we summarized the current status of immunotherapy for gastric cancer, the latest research progress on the impact of Helicobacter pylori infection on gastric mucosal immunity and tumor immunotherapy, and summarized the current challenges and future research directions, with a view to providing new ideas for clinical therapy and scientific research.

Estimation of the number of workers with occupational noise-induced hearing loss from manufacturing industry in China, 2020 / 中国职业医学

{L-End}Objective To estimate the number of workers with occupational noise-induced hearing loss (ONHL) in the manufacturing industry of China in 2020. {L-End}Methods Multiple data sources were integrated to collect information on workers in the manufacturing industry from the Occupational Diseases and Hazards Monitoring Information System under China Disease Prevention and Control Information System. The total number of workers was split based on age from the 2018 Fourth National Economic Census and the 2020 National Survey of Occupational Disease Hazards. Additionally, data on the prevalence of hearing loss in the general population was adjusted based on the age composition of Jilin Province, and noise prevalence was standardized based on the age composition of the employed population in the Seventh National Population Censu. Attribution fractions (AF) was estimated. The prevalence ratio (PR) was calculated by the prevalence of hearing loss in the occupational noise-exposed workers and general population. The proportion and attributable cases (AC) of ONHL cases in all hearing loss cases were estimated for occupational noise-exposed workers. The number of ONHL was estimated based on AF and the total number of workers with hearing loss. {L-End}Results In 2020, a total of 30 059 525 workers were exposed to occupational noise in the manufacturing industry in China, with noise-exposed prevalence and standardized noise-exposed prevalence of 28.94% and 28.52%, respectively. The prevalence of hearing loss among occupational noise-exposed workers increased with age, and a total of 8 054 789 workers suffered from hearing loss. Most of the cases were at the age between 45-<55 years old. The total PR and 95% uncertainty interval (UI) was 2.83 (2.58-3.06) and the total AF and 95%UI was 64.63% (61.22%-67.30%), and both peaks were in the age of 30-<45 years. The AC and 95%UI was 5 205 980 (4 930 620-5 420 345) persons, and most of the cases were at the age between 40-<55 years. {L-End}Conclusion Occupational noise poses a serious threat to the hearing health of workers in the manufacturing industry of China, especially among middle-aged and young adults.

Analysis of occupational noise exposure and hearing loss in workers in petrochemical enterprises / 中国职业医学

{L-End}Objective To study the situation of occupational noise exposure and hearing loss in workers in petrochemical enterprises. {L-End}Methods A total of 2 052 workers from four large-scale petrochemical enterprises in China were selected as the research subjects using convenience sampling method. The noise-exposed level of job position was detected by individual noise dosimeters, and pure-tone audiometry of the workers was conducted. {L-End}Results The noise-exposed levels at various job positions in the workplace of the enterprises ranged from 83.2 to 86.7 dB(A), and 61.1% of the job positions had a cumulative noise exposure (CNE) > 95.0 dB(A) per year. The detection rate of high-frequency hearing loss was 12.6%(259/2 052) among the research subjects. The detection rate of speech frequency hearing loss was 5.5%(112/2 052) among the research subjects. The result of CNE stratified analysis showed that the detection rate of hearing loss at frequencies of 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, and 6.0 kHz, as well as high frequencies, gradually increased with increasing CNE (all P<0.05). {L-End}Conclusion The noise hazard in petrochemical enterprises is severe, and long-term occupational noise exposure can increase the risk of hearing loss among workers. Efforts should be made to strengthen noise control and hearing protection measures.

Plurihormonal PIT1-lineage pituitary neuroendocrine tumors: a clinicopathological study / 中华病理学杂志

Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics of plurihormonal PIT1-lineage pituitary neuroendocrine tumors. Methods: Forty-eight plurihormonal PIT1-lineage tumors were collected between January 2018 and April 2022 from the pathological database of Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University. The related clinical and imaging data were retrieved. H&E, immunohistochemical and special stains were performed. Results: Out of the 48 plurihormonal PIT1-lineage tumors included, 13 cases were mature PIT1-lineage tumors and 35 cases were immature PIT1-lineage tumors. There were some obvious clinicopathological differences between the two groups. Clinically, the mature plurihormonal PIT1-lineage tumor mostly had endocrine symptoms due to increased hormone production, while a small number of immature PIT1-lineage tumors had endocrine symptoms accompanied by low-level increased serum pituitary hormone; patients with the immature PIT1-lineage tumors were younger than the mature PIT1-lineage tumors; the immature PIT1-lineage tumors were larger in size and more likely invasive in imaging. Histopathologically, the mature PIT1-lineage tumors were composed of large eosinophilic cells with high proportion of growth hormone expression, while the immature PIT1-lineage tumors consisted of chromophobe cells with a relatively higher expression of prolactin; the mature PIT1-lineage tumors had consistently diffuse cytoplasmic positive staining for keratin, while the immature PIT1-lineage tumors had various expression for keratin; the immature PIT1-lineage tumors showed more mitotic figures and higher Ki-67 proliferation index; in addition, 25.0% (12/48) of PIT1-positive plurihormonal tumors showed abnormal positive staining for gonadotropin hormones. There was no significant difference in the progression-free survival between the two groups (P=0.648) by Kaplan-Meier analysis. Conclusions: Plurihormonal PIT1-lineage tumor belongs to a rare type of PIT1-lineage pituitary neuroendocrine tumors, most of which are of immature lineage. Clinically increased symptoms owing to pituitary hormone secretion, histopathologically increased number of eosinophilic tumor cells with high proportion of growth hormone expression, diffusely cytoplasmic keratin staining and low proliferative activity can help differentiate the mature plurihormonal PIT1-lineage tumors from the immature PIT1-lineage tumors. The immature PIT1-lineage tumors have more complicated clinicopathological characteristics.