Molecular mechanism of BMSC intracerebral transplantation in impro-ving learning and memory abilities of AD mice / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM:To investigate the effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell(BMSC) transplantation on learning and memory abilities and pathological changes of Alzheimer disease (AD) mice and the molecular mechanisms. METHODS:C57/BL6 wild-type (WT) and transgenic(Tg) mice were randomly divided into 4 groups:WT/PBS group, WT/BMSCs group,Tg/PBS group and Tg/BMSCs group. The mice were administered with PBS or BMSCs via intracere-broventricular injection. Spatial learning and memory abilities of the mice were evaluated by Morris water maze test on the 3rd day after surgery. Real-time PCR was applied to detect the mRNA expression of CX3C chemokine ligand 1 (CX3CL1),CX3C chemokine receptor 1 (CX3CR1), IL-1β, TNF-α, Nurr1, YM1, insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) and matrix metalloproteinase 9(MMP9). The protein levels of CX3CL1 and Aβ42 were measured by ELISA. Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95) and synaptophysin (SYP). RE-SULTS:The transplanted BMSCs were observed near the hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice on the 10th postoperative day. The escape latency of the mice in Tg/PBS group was significantly longer than that in the WT/PBS mice(P<0.05). Com-pared with Tg/PBS group,the escape latency of Tg/BMSCs group was significantly shorter (P<0.05), and the mRNA and protein levels of CX3CL1 in Tg/BMSCs group were significantly higher than those in Tg/PBS group (P<0.01). The results of immunohistofluorescence staining showed that BMSC transplantation promoted the activation of microglia in the brain of WT and Tg mice. The mRNA expression of YM1 was up-regulated in WT/BMSCs group and Tg/BMSCs group (P<0.05). Compared with WT/PBS mice, the mRNA expression of TNF-α in the cortex and hippocampus of Tg/PBS group was significantly increased (P<0.05),and the mRNA expression of Nurr1 in the cortex was significantly decreased (P<0.01). Meanwhile,the mRNA expression of TNF-α in the cortex of Tg/BMSCs mice was decreased(P<0.01) and the mRNA expression of CX3CR1 and Nurr1 was up-regulated compared with Tg/PBS group (P<0.05). The results of Western blot showed that the protein levels of PSD95,p85,p110 and p-Akt in Tg/BMSCs group were significantly higher than those in Tg/PBS group (P<0.05). Finally, BMSC transplantation reduced the protein level of Aβ42 in APP/PS1 mice(P<0.05), and increased the mRNA expression of IDE and MMP9 in the hippocampus (P <0.05). CONCLU-SION:BMSC transplantation modulates neuroinflammatory responses and promotes neuroprotective factor and synaptic pro-tein expression,thus improving the learning and memory abilities in the APP/PS1 mice,which may be achieved by up-reg-ulating the expression of CX3CL1.

Therapies of simvastatin on AECOPD combined with PAH through affecting VEGF and the pulmonary function / 重庆医学

Objective To assess the effect of simvastatin on secretion of VEGF in blood serum and sputum of elderly chronic ob-structive pulmonary disease(COPD)combined with PAH patients and the pulmonary function.Methods Seventy cases of elderly COPD patients combined with PAH patients were randomized in two groups,namely the normal treatment group and combined sim-vastatin group (35 cases in each group),then compare the changes of the VEGF in blood serum,sputum and lung function.Results VEGF in blood serum and sputum showed significant changes after therapies of simvastatin (P <0.05).After 4 weeks′therapy, the FEV1% pre and FEV1/FVC increased significantly (P <0.05).Conclusion Normal treatment combine with simvastatin could decrease VEGF in blood serum and sputum of elderly COPD combined with PAH patients,meanwhile improve pulmonary function.

The curative effect and safety research of bisoprolol in the treament of the elderly COPD patients with chronic heart failure / 重庆医学

Objective To assess the curative effect and security of bisoprolol in the elderly chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients combined with chronic heart failure (CHF) .Methods 61 cases of elderly COPD patients combined with CHF in our hospital were selected .on the basis of conventional treatment ,the patients were applicated bisoprolol 2 .5 mg ,1 time each day , the NT-proBNP ,LVEF% ,LEVDD and FEV1% were respectively observed before treatment ,4 weeks after treatment ,8 weeks af-ter treatment ,6 months after treatment .Results 4 weeks after treatment ,NT-proBNP ,LVEF% ,LEVDD showed no significant changes .8 weeks after treatment ,NT-proBNP and LEVDD decreased(P0 .05) .NT-proBNP of all groups were negatively corre-lation with the FEV1% (r= -0 .708 ,-0 .702 ,-0 .833 ,-0 .778) .Conclusion Small doses of bisoprolol is safe and effective in the treament of the elderly COPD patients with chronic heart failure .

Nosocomial Infection Pathogens from Lower Respiratory Tract in Senile Deceased Patients / 中华医院感染学杂志

OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of nosocomial infection pathogens from lower respiratory tract in senile patients. METHODS The sputum and lower respiratory tract secretion in the senile patients with lower respiratory tract infection were collected nearly five years,and identified.The drug sensitivity test,the results of examination were judged according to NCCLS standard. RESULTS The Gram-negative bacilli accounted for 79.5%.The Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 20.5%.The predominant pathogens were Pseudomonas aeruginosa(19.6%),coagulase-negative Staphylococci(CNS)(18.7%),and acinetobacter lwoffi(11.6%).The resistant bacteria were markedly increasing. CONCLUSIONS The Gram-negative bacilli are the major pathogens in the senile deceased patients.The incidence of CNS infection is markedly increasing.The isolating rate of meticillin-resistant CNS is 100.0%.

Analysis of Nosocomial Infection Pathogens from Lower Respiratory Tract in Senile Patients in Different Season / 中华医院感染学杂志

OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution and drug resistanc of nosocomial infection pathogens from lower respiratory tract in senile patients in different season.METHODS The sputum samples from lower respiratory tract infection in senile patients in two years,were collected to identify pathogens and drug sensitivity test j udged according to NCCLS standard.RESULTS The gram-negative bacilli accounted for 85.7%.The gram- posutive bacilli accounted for 14.3%.The predominant pathogens were Pseudomonas aeruginosa(20.3%),Kleb- siella pneumoniae(14.5%),Acinetobacter lwof fi(9.8%),coagulase-negative staphylococci(9.0%).The distribution and antibiotic-resistanc of main pathogens had different characteristics in different season. CONCLUSIONS Understanding the characteristics of local pathogen spectruma and the antibiotic-resistanc of main pathogens in different season were signincant on prevention and therapy of the lower respiratory tract infection in senile patients.