Application of serum plate in the grey area setting of HBsAg ELISA / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To evaluate the necessity and rationality of setting 0.7 CO of the gray area of HBV surface antigen reagent (ELISA) in our laboratory, and to provide the basis for the grey area setting. 【Methods】 A total of 60 samples of serum plate were repeatability tested by two kinds of ELISA HBsAg reagents. Based on the test results, C50, C5, C95 concentrations and corresponding S / CO values were calculated, and whether C5 and C95 were within C50±20% was verified. At the same time, the true positive rate and the confirmed positive rate of gray area samples revealed by two reagents were calculated. 【Results】 The confirmation results of serum plate were as follows: The C50, C5 and C95 concentrations of reagent A were 0.090 IU/mL, 0.075 IU/mL, 0.105 IU/mL. The true positive rate was 99.1%(436/440), the confirmed positive rate of grey area was37.8%(136/360). The C50, C5 and C95 concentrations of reagent B were 0.112 IU/mL, 0.091 IU/mL, and 0.133 IU/mL; the true positive detection rate was 97.1%(233/240); the confirmed positive rate of grey area was 35.8%(129/360). It was verified that C5 and C95 of reagent A and reagent B were within their respective C50±20%, and the gray areas of the HBsAg ELISA were verified to be effective. 【Conclusion】 It is necessary to set the gray area for these two HBsAg ELISA reagents in our laboratory, but the gray area value setting to 0.7 CO is unreasonable. The best gray area value was 0.75 CO in reagent A and 0.63 CO in reagent B.

Preparation of elemene-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles and its targeted anti-tumor activity / 中草药

Objective: To prepare polydopamine-modified elemene-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles (D/MSN-ELE), and conduct research on formulation process optimization, quality evaluation, in vitro release, in vitro antitumor activity, and ability to promote apoptosis. Methods: Elemene-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN-ELE) were prepared by solution adsorption method, D/MSN-ELE and polydopamine-modified mesoporous silica nanoparticles (D/MSN) were prepared by polymerization. The morphology of the nanoparticles was characterized by transmission electron microscopy. The PDA graft ratio was calculated by thermogravimetric analysis. The loading and encapsulation efficiency of D/MSN-ELE were evaluated using HPLC, the dialysis bag method was used to investigate the release characteristics in vitro of D/MSN-ELE. MTT staining was used to analyze the cytotoxicity of different nanoparticles on HELF and A549 cells. Flow cytometry was used to detect the levels of D/MSN-ELE reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial membrane potential. Results: The optimal preparation process was the drug loading ratio of 6:1, the temperature was 50℃, and the time was 8 h. The D/MSN-ELE prepare under the process condition have a were uniform distribution with a particle size of (288.70 ± 3.88) nm. The average drug loading and encapsulation efficiency were (11.58 ± 0.73)% and (59.82 ± 0.57)%, respectively. In vitro drug release was pH-responsive, and cumulative drug release increased with decreasing pH. The half-lethal concentrations of ELE, MSN-ELE and D/MSN-ELE on A549 cells were 91.29, 27.56 and 6.02 μg/mL, respectively. The detection results of reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial membrane potential further indicated that drug-loaded nanoparticles were able to promote tumor target cell apoptosis. Conclusion: D/MSN-ELE under the optimized process has a higher drug loading, pH-responsive drug release and greatly enhanced antitumor activity. This study provides further experiments basis for tumor-targeted delivery of elemene drugs based on mesoporous silica nanoparticles.

Diagnostic value of cytokeratin 19 fragment in nasopharyngeal carcinoma / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the clinical significance of cytokeratin 19 fragments test in the diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The study included 102 cases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, 90 cases of nasal polyp/nasopharyngitis, and 150 healthy individuals. RT-PCR was used to detect CK19 mRNA expression and Western blot to detect CK19 fragment protein expression in tissues of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Expression of CK19-2G2 was examined by immunohistochemistry. Chemiluminescence analysis was used to detect the serum levels of CK19-2G2, and ELISA to detect that of EB-VCA IgA.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among 102 cases of nasophryngeal carcinoma, 64 showed CK19 mRNA expression by RT-PCR, 60 showed CK19 protein fragments in tumor tissues by Western blot, and 66 showed expression of CK19-2G2 by immunohistochemistry in nasopharyngeal carcinoma, including strong positivity in 20 cases, moderate in 34 cases and weak in 12 cases. The sensitivity and specificity of CK19-2G2 in the diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma were 49.0% and 89.2%, and those of EB-VCA IgA were 52.9% and 85.4%, respectively. The combined detection of CK19-2G2 and EB-VCA IgA increased the sensitivity to 73.5% while the specificity remained at 80.0%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>High levels of CK19-2G2 fragment expressed in tissue and serum are present in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The serum level of CK19-2G2 is helpful in the diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Furthermore, the combination of serum CK19-2G2 and EB-VCA IgA improves the detection sensitivity.</p>

Lower motor neuron lesion caused by single level lower thoracic disc protrusion / 中华骨科杂志

Objective To investigate clinical features of lower motor neuron lesion (LMNL) caused by the single level lower thoracic disc protrusion (LTDP),and to observe clinical outcomes of surgical treatment.Methods Between January 1997 and December 2009,17 patients with LMNL caused by single level LTDP underwent en bloc resection of the superior articular process,Cave-in 360° circumferential decompression and internal fixation in our hospital.MRI and CT scans were taken to confirm lesion levels:T10-11 in 4 patients of whom 3 had patellar clonus and ankle clonus,T11-12 in 5 patients of whom 4 had ankle clonus,and T12L1 in 8 patients who only had positive Babinski sign.The neurologic status was assessed using the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scoring system.The muscle strength of the tibialis anterior was assessed using the Manual Muscle Test (MMT).Sagittal Cobb angle and cross-sectional area of the dural sac at the level of maximal compression in MRI were also observed.Results All patients were followed up for 22 to 76 months (average,48.6 months).The mean JOA score increased from preoperative 5.88±1.11 to 9.53±0.94 at final follow-up (t=16.143,P＜0.05).The muscle strength of the tibialis anterior recovered to more than grade 4 in all patients.Postoperative Cobb angle was unchanged compared with that before operation.MRI indicated that the cross-sectional area of the dural sac at the level of maximum compression increased from preoperative 35.8±7.3 mm2 to postoperative 132.9±6.5 mm2 (t=70.78,P＜0.05).Conclusion LMNL can be caused by LTDP.The eu bloc resection of the superior articular process,Cave-in 360° circumferential decompression and internal fixation can provide a satisfactory decompression effect and marked recovery of neurological function.

The study of diagnosis and treatment of interstitial cystitis / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To discuss the diagnosis and treatment interstitial cystitis (IC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical date of 10 cases of IC (all women) were analyzed. Their age ranged from 31 to 63 years, with a mean of 41 years. Their courses ranged from 1.5 to 7 years, with a mean of 3.4 years. The symptom criteria of the National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) was met for IC and no patients had Hunner's ulcer. Potassium sensitivity tests (PST) were performed in all cases. Eight were positive. The O'Leary-Sant Interstitial Cystitis Symptom Index (ICSI) was used as treatment outcome measures. ICSI score was from 9 to 20 (mean, 14 +/- 4) at baseline. All the patients were treated with hydrodistention initially. Efficacy was evaluated at 1 month after hydrodistention. The patients who failed to respond to the treatment and recurrence after the treatment were treated by oral or intravesical therapy.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The 10 cases were followed up for 3 to 26 months (mean, 7.8 months) after hydrodistention. Five patients obtained symptom relief. Among them, symptom significantly relieved or disappeared in 2, with the score decreased > 7; symptom partially relieved in 3, with the score decreased > 3. Five cases failed to respond to the treatment. Two cases had recurrence 3 and 6 months after the treatment. The effective rate was 50%. The ICSI score was decreased to 11 +/- 6 at 1 month (t = 4.394, P < 0.05) after the treatment. Those who failed to respond or recurrence after hydrodistention were treated by other methods. Two case were treated with oral Pentosan Polysulfate, effective. Three cases were treated with amitriptylin, 2 effective. Three cases were treated with intravesical Dimethyl sulfoxide plus heparin plus dexamethasone, all effective.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The diagnosis of IC should meet the symptom criteria of the NIDDK. PST has significant high positive rate in IC patient, which can be used not only for diagnosis but also for instruction. There are a lot of strategies in the management of patients with IC. Hydrodistention is the first choice.</p>