Willingness and influencing factors of antiviral treatment of HIV/AIDS patients in a prison / 公共卫生与预防医学

Objective To explore the ART willingness and influencing factors of male HIV/AIDS patients in a special prison area in Shanghai. Methods The information was collected from face-to-face questionnaire survey of HIV/AIDS patients conducted from July 1, 2019, to December 31, 2019. Data was analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis. The influence of social demographic characteristics, basic situation of detention, AIDS epidemiology, knowledge of AIDS ART, and family awareness on the willingness of anti-virus treatment was investigated. Results A total of 121 HIV / AIDS patients were investigated in this study. The results of multivariate analysis showed that HIV / AIDS patients who were less likely to receive ART included patients with multiple custody, patients with ART knowledge score less than 8, patients whose family members were unaware of their HIV infection, patients thought that they met the treatment standard but had no symptoms and did not need to take medicine, and patients thought that they could discontinue taking medicine at will. Conclusion A variety of factors have an impact on ART willingness of HIV/AIDS patients in custody. It is suggested that HIV / AIDS patients should be provided with more targeted ART knowledge training and social care and family support as far as possible.

Diagnostic value of bronchoscopy in smear negative pulmonary tuberculosis / 中国基层医药

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of bronchoscopy in smear negative pulmonary tuberculosis.Methods 65 cases with cavernous and 35 non -cavernous negative smear pulmonary tuberculosis were examined by bronchoscopy.Results The positive rates of sputum examination in the empty group,the non empty group and the total sputum examination were 49.2%,17.1% and 38%,respectively.There was statistically signifi-cant difference in sputum positive rate between empty group and non empty group (χ2 =9.942,P =0.002).The posi-tive rate of sputum was 28%.The positive rate of sputum negative and sputum positive rate was 10% after operation. Microscopically visible tracheal and bronchial abnormalities,tracheal inflammatory change rates of empty group and non empty group were 52.3%,40.0%,the difference between the two groups had no statistically significant difference (χ2 =1.381,P =0.240).The tracheal stenosis rates of hole group and non empty group were 9.0% and 11.4%,the difference between the two groups had no statistically significant difference (χ2 =0.122,P =0.727).The overall trachea abnormal changes rate was 58.0%,including inflammatory change rate 48.0% and 10.0% stenosis rate. Conclusion Bronchoscopy has significant clinical value in smear negative pulmonary tuberculosis,especially with cavernous.The positive rate will be promoted after bronchoscopy,and can find abnormal changes of tube.

Analysis of misdiagnosis of 65 cases of left renal vein entrapment syndrome / 中国基层医药

Objective Through the analysis of misdiagnosis left renal vein entrapment syndrome,to improve the understanding and reduce the misdiagnosis of this disease.Methods 82 cases of left renal vein compression syn-drome were diagnosed with ultrasound,65 cases were misdiagnosed.Clinical data of these 65 patients were analyzed.Results In 82 cases,only 11 doctors from renal department of internal medicine,pediatrics,department of urology wrote application for it.Among the 65 misdiagnosed cases,30 cases of male,female 35 cases.The age ranged from 6 to 37 years old,the average age was 16.1 years.The misdiagnosis duration ranged from 2 months to 42 months,the median time was 7 months.43 cases of low back pain or backache,urinary tract irritation in 5 cases,60 cases of abnor-mal urinalysis:a simple urinary protein in 15 cases,21 cases of simple hematuria,proteinuria,hematuria 24 cases. 31 cases were misdiagnosed as chronic glomerulonephritis,occult nephritis(asymptomatic proteinuria and hematuria syndrome)in 11 cases,acute nephritis comprehensive sign in 9 cases,7 cases of lumbar muscle strain,urinary tract infection in 4 cases,1 case of urinary tract stones,pelvic inflammatory disease in 2 cases.In the 16 cases complicated with glomerular nephritis,were treated as the glomerular nephritis before (11 cases of chronic nephritis,5 cases of asymptomatic proteinuria and hematuria syndrome).12 cases of abnormal urine fluctuation,after a delay of 3 -16 months referral doctor was diagnosed with left renal vein entrapment syndrome.Conclusion The disease has no char-acteristic clinical manifestations,and most clinicians were short in understanding of the disease,so the misdiagnosis rate is high.The clinicians should improve the understanding of the disease,in order to reduce the misdiagnosis rate.

The prognostic value of three different staging system based on positive lymph nodes, lymph node ratio and log odds of positive lymph nodes in breast carcinoma / 中华普通外科杂志

Objective To evaluate the prognostic value of three different staging system based on positive lymph nodes,lymph node ratio and log odds of positive lymph nodes in breast carcinoma.Methods In 472 breast carcinoma patients,survival analysis was performed with Kaplan-Merier and COX regression model,the hazard ratio (HR) of the three staging system were compared.Results When more than 10 lymph nodes were dissected in the operation,there was statistical differences in survival among the staging systems based on lymph node ratio and log odds of positive lymph nodes (P ＜ 0.05),while the prognosis was highly homologous between the staging systems based on positive lymph nodes in stage N0 and N1.Univariate analysis showed age,tumor size,Her2 status,estrogen receptor status and the total lymph nodes dissected were related to overall survival (all P ＜ 0.05).COX multivariate analysis showed that the staging system based on lymph node ratio (5.495) and log odds of positive lymph nodes (4.662) had the higher HR than the N staging system (2.722).Conclusions Compared with the number of involved lymph nodes,the staging system based on lymph node ratio and log odds of positive lymph nodes were superior to the staging system based on positive lymph nodes for prognostic assessment of breast carcinoma.

XL-880 increases radiosensitivity of breast cancer cells / 中华普通外科杂志

Objective To evaluate the effects of Met inhibitor XL-880 on radiosensitivity of breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231.Methods MDA-MB-231 cell lines were assigned to the following treatment groups:control group,radiation group,XL-880 group and combination group.Cell apoptosis,cell cycle distributions and tumorigenicity were investigated by flow cytometry or clonogenic assay.The expression of apoptosis and cell cycle related proteins (p21,Cyclin B1,Bcl-2,Caspase-3 and PARP),and phosphorylation levels of c-Met were measured by Western blot.Results XL-880 combined with radiation significantly decreased the proliferation activity of MDA-MB-231 cells (P ＜ 0.05).Flow cytometry results showed that the rate of G2/M cell were increased with XL-880 (P ＜ 0.05),and the rate were (17.3 ±1.3) ％,(20.0 ± 4.0) ％,(28.5 ± 3.1) ％,(57.0 ± 3.3) ％,respectively.Annexin V/PI double-staining assay showed that XL-880 obviously induced the apoptosis of MDA-MB-231 cells after radiation (P ＜ 0.05),of which the apoptotic rates were (7.3 ±0.9)％,(14.1 ±0.6)％,(35.5 ±4.4)％,(48.2±5.3)％,respectively.XL-880 downregulated the expressions of Cyclin B1 and anti-apoptosis protein Bcl-2,while promoted the expression of apoptosis related protein cleaved Caspase-3 and PARP.Conclusions XL-880 enhance the radiosensitivity of breast cancer cell MDA-MB-231 by inhibiting Met pathway.

Clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of lung metastases from breast cancer / 中华普通外科杂志

Objective To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of lung metastases from breast cancer.Methods The clinical data of 119 breast cancer patients treated at our institution from January 2000 to January 2007 were retrospectively reviewed.Results Among 119 patients with lung metastasis,35.3％ was hormone receptor (HR) +/human epithelial growth factor receptor (HER2)-,17.6％ was HR +/HER2 +,21.8％ was HR-/HER2 + and 25.2％ was trriple negative breast cancer (TNBC).The rate of grade Ⅲ in triple negative breast cancer was higher than the other subtypes(P =0.016).The median overall survival was 60 months (9-141 months),the median time to lung metastases was 29 months (3-99 months),and the median survival after lung metastasis was 33 months (range,6-98 months).The 1-,2-,3-and 5-year survival rate was 72.9％,54.1％,35.1％ and 14.4％.Conclusions TNBC,number of lung metastases,time to lung metastases less than 24 months,and a history of systemic chemotherapy were important factors for prognosis of patients with lung metastases.

Effects of CD44 in cancer progression / 国际肿瘤学杂志

CD44 has been the subject of extensive research because of its role in cancer and many physiological processes.Through binding to different ligands,CD44 can initiate a series of cascade.CD44 not only can promote tumorigenic and tumor metastasis,but also can suppress tumor growth and progression.In-depth study of CD44 and its role in signal pathway may provide a new path for cancer treatment.