RESUMO
Pulmonary artery hypertension is a disease with complicated pathogenesis, which is characterized by enhanced pulmonary artery constriction and arterial wall remodeling, leading to progressive increase of pulmonary vascular resistance and pulmonary artery pressure, then resulting in right heart failure.Many studies have shown that transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1) plays an important role in the development of various diseases, especially in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.TGF-β1 is involved in multiple cellular responses including cell proliferation, differentiation, migration and apoptosis.TGF-β1 participates in pulmonary artery hypertension mainly via promoting the proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells as well as inducing the deposition of extracellular matrix and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition(EndMT) through many signaling, which is mainly dominated by pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells and pulmonary artery endothelial cells.This review mainly introduces the role of TGF-β1 in pulmonary artery hypertension in order to provide potential drug targets and therapeutic strategies for pulmonary artery hypertension.