Diagnostic value of real-time shear wave elastography for liver fibrosis in patients with autoimmune hepatitis / 临床肝胆病杂志

Objective To explore the diagnostic value of Young's modulus obtained by real-time shear wave elastography (SWE) for liver fibrosis in autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) patients. Methods A total of 75 AIH patients in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2013 to April 2022 were retrospectively enrolled. Scheuer scoring system was used to evaluate degrees of liver fibrosis (S0-S4). By using pathological examination of liver tissues as the golden standard, the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was plotted and the area under the curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the diagnostic value of SWE for the significant fibrosis (≥S2), advanced liver fibrosis (≥S3), and liver cirrhosis (S4), respectively. Independent sample t test was used for comparison of continuous data with normal distribution between the two groups. The Kruskal-Wallis H test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed continuous data between multiple groups and Bonferroni method was used for further comparison between two groups. The Spearman correlation coefficient was used for correlation analysis. The logistic regression analysis was used to predict the impact factors in diagnosis accuracy. Results The Young's modulus measured by SWE was statistically significant different among various fibrosis groups ( H =35.186, P 0.05). The Young's modulus measurement was positively correlated with liver fibrosis ( r =0.675, P < 0.05). The AUCs of SWE in the diagnosis of≥S2, ≥S3, and S4 were 0.839, 0.820 and 0.898, respectively and the corresponding optimum cut-off values were 9.2, 10.9, and 14.4 kPa, respectively. The overall concordance rate of the liver Young' s modulus measurements vs . fibrosis stages was 57.33%. Moreover, the alkaline phosphatase level was an independent predictor for diagnostic accuracy of SWE for stage 0-1 fibrosis ( OR =1.009, 95% CI : 1.001-1.018, P =0.029). Conclusion The SWE possessed a diagnosis value for the significant fibrosis (≥S2), advanced liver fibrosis (≥S3) and liver cirrhosis (S4), although there was a low overall concordance rate in the liver Young's modulus measurements obtained using SWE vs. fibrosis stages.

Changes of maxillary teeth and maxilla following quad helix maxillary expansion observed by Cone-Beam CT (CBCT) / 实用口腔医学杂志

Objective:To evaluate dental and skeletal changes following slow maxillary expansion with quad helix using Cone-Beam computer tomography (CBCT).Methods:13 patients(5males and 8 females,mean age 14.38 ±2.22 years)requiring maxillary ex-pansion as a part of their comprehensive orthodontic treatment were included.Each patient had CBCT images taken pre-(T1 )and post-(T2)maxillary expansion with quad helix.Changes of the distances between bilateral canines,first premolars,second premo-lars,first molars,the width of basal bone and palatal suture were measured.paired t-test results were analyzed using SPSS 17.0 soft-ware.Results:The distances between the 4 bilateral teeth increased by (2.47 ±1.05)mm,(2.97 ±1.90)mm,(2.79 ±1.21) mm and (3.15 ±1.15)mm,the apical distances decreased by (1.19 ±0.40)mm,(2.12 ±0.68)mm,(2.02 ±0.65)mm and (1.34 ±0.63)mm,respectively.The inclination of the first molars were decreased by (4.45 ±2.86)°and (4.02 ±1.45)°on the left and right side respectively.The width of basal bone and palatal suture increased by (2.37 ±0.96)mm and (1.21 ±0.50)mm respectively,the differences between T1 and T2 were all statistically different(P <0.001).Conclusion:Quad helix expands maxil-lary arch by greater dental changes than by skeletal changes.

Effect of nutlin-3 on the biological behavior of A375 human melanoma cells and its mechanism / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective To estimate the effect of a cis-imidazoline derivative,nutlin-3,on the biological behavior of A375 human melanoma cells,and to investigate its mechanism.Methods Cultured A375 cells were divided into several test groups treated with nutlin-3 at different concentrations (2.5,5,10 μmol/L) for 24,48 and 72 hours,and a control group treated with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) only.Then,methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay was performed to evaluate cellular proliferative activity,Western blot to measure the expression of p53 protein,flow cytometry to estimate cell cycle phase distribution and apoptosis rate,and Transwell assay to evaluate migratory activity,of A375 cells.Statistical analysis was carried out by repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA).Results After treatment with nutlin-3 of 2.5,5 and 10 μmol/L for 24,48 and 72 hours,significant differences were observed among different time points at each concentration and among different concentrations at the same time point in proliferation inhibition rate (F =67.43,135.58,respectively,both P ＜ 0.01),p53 protein expression level (F =1255.00,9196.00,respectively,both P ＜ 0.01),percentage of cells at G2 phase (F =831.38,267.99,respectively,both P ＜ 0.01),apoptosis rate (F =809.45,723.83,respectively,both P ＜ 0.01),migration inhibition rate (F =1100.00,1667.00,respectively,both P ＜ 0.01).The influence of nutlin-3 on cellular proliferative activity increased with the increase in its concentration,and that on percentage of cells at G2 phase,apoptosis rate and migratory activity increased with the increase in its concentration and treatment duration.There was a significant interaction between the treatment duration and concentration of nutlin-3 for p53 protein expression level in (F =826.79,P ＜ 0.01),percentage of cells at G2 phase in (F =21.602,P ＜ 0.01),apoptosis rate in (F =44.48,P ＜ 0.01),migratory activity of (F =313.09,P ＜ 0.01),and cellular proliferative activity of (F =26.95,P ＜ 0.01),A375 cells.Conclusion Nutlin-3 may inhibit the proliferation and migration of,but promote cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in,A375 cells,through accumulation of p53 protein.

Effects of all-trans retinoic ac id on tyrosinase metabolism and Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase mRNA expression in A375 cells irradiated by ultraviolet B / 中华皮肤科杂志

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of all-trans retinoic acid(ATRA) on melanin content,activity and protein expression of tyrosinase,mRNA expression of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase(SOD) in A375 cells irradiated with ultraviolet B(UVB).MethodsCultured A375 cells were classified into 6 groups:ATRA+UVB group treated with ATRA after UVB irradiation,hydroquinone+UVB group treated with hydroquinone after UVB irradiation,UVB group and ATRA group treated with UVB irradiation and ATRA respectively,negative control group receiving no treatment.Melanin content and tyrosinase activity were determined by NaOH solubilization assay and dopa-oxidation assay respectively at 24,48 and 72 hours after the addition of ATRA into medium.Western blot was performed to detect the protein expression of tyrosinase,and real-time quantitative PCR to measure the mRNA expressions of tyrosinase and Cu/Zn SOD in A375 cells after 24-hour culture with ATRA.ResultsThe melanin content and tyrosinase activity decreased in UVB-irradiated cells after being treated with ATRA for 24,48 and 72 hours.The protein (gray scale) and mRNA (2-△△Ct value) expression levels of tyrosinase were 0.72 ± 0.070 and 1.400 ± 0.135 respectively at 24 hours after UVB irradiation,decreased to 0.42 ± 0.056(P ＜0.01) and 0.810 ± 0.062(P ＜ 0.01 ) respectively after additional treatment with ATRA.The mRNA expression level of Cu/Zn SOD was 0.323 ± 0.066 in A375 cells at 24 hours after UVB irradiation,and increased to 0.625 ±0.103 (P ＜ 0.01 ) after additional treatment with ATRA.ConclusionATRA can suppress UVB-induced increase in melanin synthesis and elevate Cu/Zn SOD level in A375 cells,likely through tyrosinase pathway.

Role of p53 in antioxidative stress in melanocyte exposed to UV or H2O2 / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective To study the effects of UVR or H2O2 on the expression of p53 in human melanocytes,and that of nutlin-3 and PFT-α on the DNA oxidative damage,and to investigate the role of p53 in the antioxidative stress.Methods The effect of UVR,H2O2,nutlin-3 and PFT-α on the expression of p53 of human melanocytes was detected by Western blot analysis,and that of nutlin-3 and PFT-α on UVR or H2O2 DNA damage assessed by single cell electrophoresis (comet assay).Determination of the effect of nutlin-3 on H2O2 DNA damage was detected by γ-H2AX immunofluorescence.Results UVR and H2O2 could induce p53 protein expression,accompanied by increased phosphorylation of p53 on serine 15 residue,and nutlin-3 and PFT-α could induce and inhibit p53 protein in human melanocytes respectively; nutlin-3 decreased the tail moment of DNA oxidative damage of UVR or H2O2 in human melanocytes,but PFT-α increased the tail moment of DNA oxidative damage of UVR or H2O2 in human melanocytes,and there were significant differences among the control and exposed groups; nutlin-3 decreased expression of γ-H2AX.Conclusions p53 plays a very important role in the antioxidative stress in melanocyte exposed to UV or H2O2.

On the relationship between serum total adiponectin and insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome / 生物医学工程学杂志

It is the intent of this investigation to gain an insight into the relationship of serum total adiponectin with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and insulin resistance. Fifty-eight PCOS patients were enrolled (29 with high serum insulin level and 29 without), at the same time, 29 non-PCOS women with normal weight were included as control. The influencing factors of total adiponectin, PCOS and insulin resistance were analyzed. The serum total adiponectin of PCOS patients and all participants were found to be negatively related to waist hip ratio (r = -0.39, r = -0.36) and InHOMA-IR (r = -0.53, r = -0.45), respectively. Adiponectin was not a protective factor of PCOS (P > 0.1), but it was that of PCOS-insulin resistance (OR = 0.81; 95% CI: 0.67-0.97; P = 0.02). LH/FSH (OR = 1.51; 95% CI: 1.16-1.96; P = 0.01) and InHOMA-IR (OR = 1.26; 95% CI: 1.10-1.44; P = 0.01) were risk factors of PCOS, and waist hip ratio was that of PCOS-insulin resistance (OR = 8.57; 95% CI, 2.14-34.30, P = 0.01). Adiponectin might influence fasting insulin and InHOMA-IR (B = -0.22, P = 0.001; B = -0.02, P = 0.002). These data signify that adiponectin is not directly related with PCOS, but it is related with PCOS-HL Adiponectin might participate in the pathophysiologic mechanism of PCOS by influencing insulin sensitivity.

Expression and value of hnRNP B1 in sputum of patients with lung cancer by immunohistochemistry method / 中国肺癌杂志

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>The expression of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) A2/B1 increases significantly in lung cancer tissues. The aim of this study is to investigate the expression of hnRNP B1 in exfoliative cells in the sputum of patients with lung cancer and its sensitivity and specificity in diagnosis of lung cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The expression of hnRNP B1 in sputum was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) using anti-hnRNP B1 monoclonal antibody in 70 patients with lung cancer and 30 normal subjects (control group).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The results of sputum exfoliative cytology were 27 positive in 70 samples diagnosed with lung cancer, whose sensitivity and specificity were 38.6% and 100.0% respectively. The results of sputum immunohistochemistry were 50 positive in 70 samples, with 23 positive in 29 squamous cell carcinoma and 17 positive in 26 adenocarcinoma and 10 positive in 15 small cell lung carcinoma. Sputum IHC of hnRNP B1 gave a sensitivity of 71.4% and specificity of 93.3%. Sputum IHC of hnRNP B1 was more sensitive than sputum exfoliative cytology (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>hnRNP B1 overexpresses in sputum exfoliative cells and its sensitivity is better than sputum exfoliative cytology in diagnosis of lung cancer.</p>

Effect of RGZ on expression of PPAR-? in transplantation tumor of cholangiocarcinoma / 基础医学与临床

0.05);but as comparing with high dose group there is obvious significance(P

Preparation of valaciclovir loaded bovine serum albumin nanoparticles surface-modified with glycyrrhizin and its characteristics of targeting to liver / 生物医学工程学杂志

The valaciclovir was used as the model drug, the bovine serum albumin nanoparticles (BSA-NP) were prepared by desolvation process. Glycyrrhizin (GL) was oxidized by sodium periodate to be conjugated to surface reactive amino groups (SRAG) of the VACV-BSA-NP. Gel filtration method combined with HPLC method verified that GL was covalent coupling to the surface of VACV-BSA-NP with mean 9 GL residues per albumin molecule. The mean diameter of the VACV-BSA-NP-GL was 268 +/- 23 nm, the drug loading was 1.35%, and embedding ratio was 68.76%. The characteristics of release in vitro were in accord with two-phase kinetics. The uptake amount of VACV-BSA-NP-GL by primary cultured rat hepatocytes in vitro was higher, compared to the control-VACV-BSA-NP. 69.89% and 64.82% of the VACV were concentrated in liver at 15 min after i.v. VACV-BSA-NP-GL and VACV-BSA-NP, respectively. There is a significant difference between surface-modified group and control group (P<0.10). VACV-BSA-NP-GL was successfully prepared, which is considered to be a novel drug delivery system for targeting to hepatocytes.

Expression of hnRNP A2/B1 in human lung cancer cell lines / 中国肺癌杂志

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>To explore the mRNA expression of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) A2/B1 in human lung cancer cell lines.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Expression of hnRNP A2/B1 and hnRNP B1 mRNA was detected by RT-PCR using specific primers. Expression of hnRNP B1 protein was examined by immunocytochemistry using specific anti-hnRNP B1 antibody.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>RT-PCR indicated that the hnRNP A2/B2 and hnRNP B1 mRNA existed in the lung adenocarcinoma cell lines SPC-A1 and Y-90, squamous cell carcinoma cell line A431 and small cell lung cancer cell line NCI-H446. According to immunocytochemistry results, the expression of hnRNP B1 was observed in lung cancer cell lines, but the expression in squamous cell carcinoma cell line A431 and small cell lung cancer cell line NCI-H446 was markedly higher than that in adenocarcinoma cell lines SPC-A1 and Y-90.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The results suggest that the human lung cancer cell lines detected have overexpression of hnRNP A2/B1 and hnRNP B1.</p>

Immune responses of dendritic cells after loaded with cytotoxicity T lymphocyte epitope based peptide of human alpha-fetoprotein (hAFP) / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the immune responses of lymphocytes after activated by dendritic cells (DCs) loaded with cytotoxicity T lymphocyte (CTL) epitope based peptide of human alpha-fetoprotein (hAFP, 218-226 LLNQHACAV).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Get high purity DCs by cultured plastic-adherent monocytes isolated from healthy donor of HLA-A2(+) peripheral blood with granulocyte-monocyte colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) for 7 days. Stimulate self-lymphocytes with DCs that loaded with CTL epitope based peptide of hAFP under the culture medium contains interleukin-2 (IL-2) for 7 days. Analyse IL-12 and TNF in culture medium and also the specific lysis activity of lymphocytes against four strains of primary hepatocellular carcinoma cells.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After stimulated by DC loaded with CTL epitope based peptide derived from hAFP, lymphocytes appeared a good characteristics and the culture medium of activated lymphocytes contained a high level Th1 type cytokines of IL-12 and TNF. Activated lymphocytes not only specifically lysed HLA-A2(+) HepG2 line but also had the cytotoxicity against other three primary hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines and T2 target cell loaded with peptide of hAFP.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The results of this research supply the basic materials for the DC based vaccine with HLA-A2 restricted peptide epitope derived from hAFP against AFP positive primary hepatocellular carcinoma.</p>

Preparation of polyclonal antibodies of rabbit-anti-B16 melanocyte and the effect on melanocyte proliferation / 中国免疫学杂志

Objective:To generate rabbit-anti B16 melanocyte polyclonal antibodies and study the effect on melanocyte proliferation.Methods:Rabbits was immunized with B16 melanocytes to produce rabbit anti-B16 melanocyte polyclonal antibody(pAb).The titer of the antiserum was then detected using the tube agglutination assay;The antiserum was purified through the G protein affinity chromatograph,and the molecular weight of the purified Ab was identifed through SDS-PAGE.The effect of purified IgG on B16 melanocytes proliferation was detected using MTT assay.Results:The titer of the antiserum reaches 1∶1 280;SDS-PAGE shows that the heavy chain molecular weight of the purified IgG is 66.2 kD;MTT assay shows that the IgG fraction inhibited the proliferation of B16 melanocytes with signifancent difference when compared to none IgG or no purified antiserum.Conclusion:The rabbit anti-B16 melanocytes pAb with high titer is preparated successfully.The purified IgG can inhibit proliferation of B16 melanocytes.It could be useful in studying the effect of this antibody on melanocyte growth and pigment metabolism,it also be useful in studying the pathogenesis of vitiligo.