Research advances of urinary cell-free DNA in the detection and therapy of bladder cancer / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Bladder cancer is a common malignancy in the genitourinary system and the current therapeutic approaches are unsatisfactory. Urinary cell-free DNA (ucf DNA) has the ability to give comprehensive and crucial information on cancer as it carries genetic messages from cells shedding directly into urine as well as transporting from circulation. The ucf DNA of patients with bladder cancer carries disease information, suggesting that ucf DNA may have the ability to detect, monitor, and prognosticate patients with bladder cancer. The ucf DNA analysis bridges the gap between current techniques and enhances diagnostic and detection capabilities, and has a very promising future in term of translation into clinical practice. This article reviewed the progress of clinical applications of ucf DNA in bladder cancer.

Effects of garcinia acid on proliferation and invasion of human bladder cancer cell line / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective To investigate the impacts of garcinia acid on the proliferation and invasion abilities of human bladder cancer cell line(BIU-87), and to study the possible molecular mechanisms. Methods The BIU-87 cells were cultured in vitro, and then the cells were divided into control group, low-dose, middle-dose, and high-dose garcinia acid groups. The cells in the drug groups were treated with 20, 40, 80μmol/L of garcinia acid for 24, 48, and 72 h, and control group were incubated by normal medium. The inhibition of proliferation of BIU-87 cells was performed using CCK8 assay. The abilities of BIU-87 cell invasion were assessed using Transwell chambers, and the expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) were analyzed using Western Blot technology.Results Compared with control group, the proliferation inhibitory rates of cells after treatment with low-, middle-, and high-dose garcinia acid for 24, 48, and 72 h were significantly decreased(P<0.05). Moreover, the proliferation inhibitory rates in different drug groups were greatly increased with the time extension. Compared with control group, the number of cells passing through the membrane(26 ± 4, 41 ± 4, 53 ± 5vs.119 ± 7) in low-, middle-, and high-dose garcinia acid group significantly decreased(P<0.05), the expression levels of VEGF (41.2 ± 6.2, 23.8 ± 5.2, 17.9 ± 4.7 vs. 14.8 ± 4.2) in low-, middle-, and high-dose garcinia acid group significantly decreased(P<0.05).Conclusions The Garcinia acid can inhibit the proliferation and invasion of BIU-87 cells via the down-regulation of VEGF expression.

Inhibition of Garcinia Acid to Kidney Cancer Cell Lines via Wnt3α/β-catenin Signal Pathway / 中国药师

Objective:To investigate the mechanism in growth inhibition of garcinia acid to kidney cancer cell lines ( RC-2 ) . Methods:RC-2 cells were cultured in vitro, and garcinia acid at various concentrations was co-cultured with RC-2 cells. The antipro-liferative activities were determined by CCK-8 assay, the percentage of apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry analysis, and the expression levels of Survivin and related proteins in Wnt3α/β-catenin signal pathway were measured using Western Blot analysis. Re-sults:After the treatment with garcinia acid for 24h and 48h, the proliferation of RC-2 cells was significantly suppressed by garcinia acid in a dose-dependent manner, and all garcinia acid groups had significantly higher apoptosis percentage of RC-2 cells than the con-trol group. In G0/G1 period, RC-2 cells reduced while increased in G2/M period, and in S period, the cells remained the same a-mount. The expression levels of Survivin, Wnt3α and β-catenin decreased in RC-2 cells after the treatment with garcinia acid. Con-clusion:Garcinia acid can inhibit the proliferation and promote the apoptosis of RC-2 cells, and the mechanism may be related with the inhibition of Wnt3α/β-catenin signal pathway and further decreasing the expression levels of Survivin.

PCR-microarray analysis of fibrosis-associate gene expression in extensive fibrotic renal tissue resulting from hydronephrosis / 国际外科学杂志

Objective To investigate the fibrosis-associated genes, especially those transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β) associated, expression in the tissue of extensive fibrotic kidney resulting from severe by-dronephrosis. Methods Compared 12 extensive fibrotic kidneys resulting from severe hydronephrosis with 6 normal renal tissues using PCR array. All samples were collected from our hospital from Aug. 2005 to Dec. 2006. The data were treated with △△Ct method. When 2△△Ct≤<0.5 or≥2, the difference was considered sig-nificant. Results A total of 49 differential genes expressed in the fibrotic renal tissues were screened out, of which, 25 were up-regulated and 24 were down-regulated. The differential genes included members and receptors of TGF-β super family and bone morphogenetic protein(BMP) family, target molecule of TGF-β or BMP signal pathway and several regulators. Conclusions Through investigating with PCR array, we certifi-cated the positive effect of Nodal, GSC and IGFI to renal fibrosis. And we suppose that TGF-β play a sec-ondary role in renal fibrosis, while BMP family and Leftyl work in a functional genome in the regulating of renal fibrosis.

Nuclide renal dynamic imaging for evaluating renal function in hydronephrotic kidneys with no image on intravenous urography and its significance / 中华全科医师杂志

d be used to evaluate the function of severely obstructive hydronephrotic kidneys with no image on IVU, which can reflect its objective function, especially one to two weeks after nephrostomy in hypertonic hydronephrostic kidneys, and is better than IVU.