Leukocyte adhesion deficiency type 1 with low expression of CD 11b

Leukocyte adhesion deficiency type 1 [LAD-1] is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the gene that codes for CD18, the beta chain of beta-2 integrins, located on the long arm of chromosome 21. This defect results in failure of leukocyte migration to the site of infection due to the absence of surface integrins. Leukocyte adhesion deficiency should be suspected in any patient with recurrent infections, impaired wound healing, history of delayed umbilical cord separation, periodontitis, leukocytosis, recurrent soft tissue and oral infections. Diagnosis is based on the analysis of neutrophils for the surface expression of CD18, CD11a, CD11b and CD11c by flow cytometry. Here, we present a 55-day male infant with umbilical cord separation on the 10th day of life and no history of infection, who was identified with LAD-1 with low expression of CD11b. The purpose of performing LAD flow cytometric analysis in this patient was to screen him for LAD-1 as his elder brother had LAD-1 and one elder sister died undiagnosed with recurrent skin and chest infections at 8 months of age

Antimicrobial activity of different solvent extracted samples from the flowers of medicinally important Plumeria obstusa

The present research work was carried out to investigate the antimicrobial [eight bacteria and one fungus] activities of different solvent [ethanol, petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and isobutanol] extracted samples from flowers of P. obstusa by disc diffusion method. Analysis of the data revealed that all the five extracts from flowers of P. obstusa showed different ranges of antimicrobial activities. Petroleum ether fractions showed inhibitory activities against all the nine microbial species except Klebsiella pneumonia. Ethyl acetate and isobutanol fractions showed inhibitory effects against all the tested microbial species except Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Chloroform and ethanol extracts had varying levels of inhibitions against all of the tested microorganisms. The most susceptible gram positive bacterium was Bacillus subtilis which was inhibited by all the five extracts while the most resistant gram positive bacterium was Staphylococcus aureus. Erwinia carotovora was the most susceptible gram negative bacterium while Pseudomonas aeruginosa was highly resistant among the gram negative bacteria

Outcome of dynamic compression plating in fracture shaft of humerus

Background: Fracture shaft of humerus is a common orthopedic problem and represents roughly 3% of all fractures, usually managed non-operatively. The usual operative modalities used for fixation of humerus fractures are the kuntscher nails, dynamic compression plate [DCP], external fixator and intramedullary nail [IMN]. Plating of fracture shaft of humerus is the more common surgical treatment option. There is a higher rate of excellent and good results and tendency for earlier union with the plating of fracture shaft of humerus

Methods: This study was conducted at Orthopedic Department of Allied and DHQ Hospital Faisalabad from November 2011 to November 2012. All patients with fracture shaft of humerus were included and treated with dynamic compression plating

Results: 91 patients with mean age of 37.24 including 70 [76.9%] males and 21 [23.1%] females falling in inclusion criteria were operated by same orthopaedic surgeons team with same implant i.e. DCP. At 1ST postoperative day, 87 patients [95.60%] had no neurological deficit while 4 patients [4.40%] had neurological deficit. At 12th postoperative day only 9 patients [9.9%] had superficial wound infection while 82 patients [90.1%] have no wound infection

Conclusion: Humeral shaft fracture is one of the commonest fractures among the working community and elderly. Fixation of fracture with Dynamic Compression Plate is the treatment of choice. Postoperative radial nerve injury is an important complication and few patients in this study developed neurological deficit

Laboratory evidence of autoimmunity in HCV infected patients after interferon treatment

To determine the significance of interferon alpha therapy in emergence of autoantibodies in HCV infected patients in a local population Quasi experimental study Department of Immunology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology [AFIP] Rawalpindi from Mar 2007 to Oct 2007. A total of 106 HCV infected individuals [not on any antiviral therapy], were screened for laboratory evidence of autoimmunity [ANA, SMA, AMA, Anti LKM, Anti GPC, Anti Thyroid microsomal and RA factor]. HCV infected patients without any laboratory evidence of autoimmunity were included in the study and this population was divided in to a test group [36] who were treated with interferon alpha and a control group [32] who did not receive anti viral treatment during this period. All were retested for the same autoantibodies after a period of 3 months. All autoantibodies were tested by indirect immunofluorescence except RA factor which was tested by agglutination method. Out of 106 patients scarred, 32 showed autoimmunity that were excluded from study. Six denied to participate in study. After 3 months, 61% of the patients showed autoimmunity in study group and frequencies of ASMA, anti-TPO [p 0.036], ANA [p 0.14] and RA were 36%, 25%, 25% and 33% respectively. Control group showed autoimmunity in 37.5% of the patients with frequency of 28%, 15.6%, 6.3% and 3% for ASMA, RA, TPO and ANA respectively. AMA anti-LKM antibodies were not found in both groups. ANA and anti thyroid antibodies emerge in increased frequency in HCV infected patients after treatment with IFN-alpha