Neuronas sensoriales de fibras pequeñas / Small-fiber sensory neurons

Los avances en los estudios genético moleculares en los ganglios de las raíces dorsales (GRD) y del ganglio de Gasser, han permitido una mayor comprensión del dolor, al observarse cómo se organizan las neuronas sensoriales, especialmente en el direccionamiento periférico, por una señalización marcada por la necesidad de preservarlos tejidos y así preservar la homeostasis.Se puede, comprender a la neurona sensorial de pequeñas fibras desde el punto de vista de la estructura, composición y función en sus diferentes elementos y su influencia en la génesis de un síntoma tan enigmático como el de los piesquemantes y otros componentes como la ataxia y el vegetativo que en muchas ocasiones obligarán a trabajar a fondopara establecer la etiopatogénesis y de paso el manejo sintomático y definitivo de las neuropatías de fibras cortas.

Advances in molecular genetic studies in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and trigeminal ganglion, have allowed further insight into the mechanisms of pain, when observing how they organize sensory neurons, a peripheral organization,marked by the need to preserve tissue integrity and preserve homeostasis.This paper described small fiber sensory neurons from the point of view of its structure, composition function andtheir influence on the genesis of a mysterious symptom as that of burning feet and other components such as ataxia and growing component that often engaged us in efforts to establish its pathogenesis and symptom management.

Neuromielitis óptica: estado del arte / Neuromyelitis optica: sState of the art

Neuromyelitis optica is an idiopathic, severe, demyelinating disease of the central nervous system predominantly affecting optic nerves and spinal cord. Clinical, radiologic, and immunologic features distinguish neuromyelitis optica from other severe cases of multiple sclerosis. A serum immunoglobulin G autoantibody (NMO-IgG) serves as a specific markerfor Neuromyelitis optica. NMO-IgG is the first specific marker for a central nervous system demyelinating disease. The molecular target of NMO-IgG was identified as aquaporin-4 water channel, is the most abundant water channel in the brain and is concentrated in theastrocyte membranes that border. NMO-IgG seropositivity is now incorporated into new diagnostic criteria for neuromyelitis optica. Clinical onset and course is 80–90 percent relapsing course, 10–20 percent monophasic course. Intravenous corticosteroid therapy is commonly the initial treatment for acute attacks of optic neuritis or myelitis. Therapeutic plasmapheresis is an effective rescue treatment for steroid unresponsive NMO attacks. Immunossupressive agents are used for relapse prevention. Immunosuppressive treatment is indicated in patients with a diagnosis of relapsing neuromyelitis optica.