Influence of small-group experiential learning of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine on the oral health knowledge, beliefs, and behaviors of elderly patients with diabetes

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: This study aimed at the oral health problems of elderly patients with diabetes. A training course of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine was constructed, helping patients improve their oral health quality of life. METHODS: A randomized controlled prospective experimental study was conducted. A total of 190 elderly patients were divided randomly into an observation group and a control group with 95 cases in each. The control group received regular health education, while the observation group was based on the control group to implement the integrated experiential learning of traditional Chinese and Western medicine in small groups. The oral health knowledge, attitude, behavior, and blood glucose control status along with the oral health quality of life of the two groups were compared before the intervention and at 3-month postintervention. RESULTS: Three months after the intervention, the fasting blood glucose control and the 2-h postprandial blood glucose/glycosylated hemoglobin levels in the observation group were significantly better than in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). The oral health quality of life in the observation group was significantly better than in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The small-group experiential learning model of integrated Chinese and Western medicine can promote the transformation of knowledge-beliefs-behaviors in elderly patients with diabetes, which is conducive to controlling blood sugar levels and improving the quality of oral health.

Mechanism of tanshinone IIA to prevent spontaneous breast cancer in mice / 药学学报

To explore the effect of tanshinone IIA (TanIIA) on the occurrence and development of breast cancer, we employed the mouse mammary tumor virus-polyomavirus middle T antigen (MMTV-PyMT) transgenic mice as a spontaneous breast cancer mouse model. Animal welfare and experimental procedures were in accordance with the regulations of the Animal Ethics Committee of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine. The animals were divided into control group, low-dose TanIIA treatment group (30 mg·kg-1·day-1), and high-dose TanIIA treatment group (60 mg·kg-1·day-1). The treatment was administered orally and daily for 5 weeks. The mice were sacrificed after final treatment. Mammary gland and lung were collected for histopathology studies. We evaluated the chemoprophylaxis effect of TanIIA on breast cancer in mice according to the pathological characteristics of breast cancer at different stages of development. Immunofluorescence staining were employed for blood vessel analysis. The expression levels of E-cadherin, proliferating nuclear antigen (PCNA), and oncogene c-Myc were detected by immunohistochemistry. Flow cytometry was used to analyze cell cycle and Cytoscape was used to construct drug-disease protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. Our results showed that TanIIA inhibits breast tumor progression by delaying malignancy from adenoma to early carcinoma, and inhibits blood vessel formation during tumor development. TanIIA (60 mg·kg-1·day-1) inhibits the expression levels of PCNA and c-Myc, upregulates the expression of E-cadherin. In addition, cell cycle experiments showed that the cell cycle of PyMT primary mammary cells in the high-dose TanIIA group was arrested in the G0/G1 phase. Our study demonstrated that TanIIA can significantly inhibit breast tumor progression in MMTV-PyMT mouse model, which may be related to the inhibition of angiogenic switch and cell cycle arrest.

Research progress of breast cancer driver genes and precision therapy / 中国药理学通报

A large number of genetic mutations occur in the development of tumors, but only driver mutations determine the evolutionary direction of tumors. A variety of algorithmic tools and stationary analysis processes are available to search for driver genes with driver mutations. AS driver genes are different in different times and spaces, they are not the same in different stages of the development of breast cancer, leading to the different sensitivity of breast cancer patients to targeted therapy, which has become a major challenge for targeted therapy of breast cancer. This article reviews the progress and challenges of precision therapy for breast cancer from the perspective of driver genes.

Efficacy and safety of letrozole in treatment of McCune-Albright syndrome girls with peripheral precocious puberty / 浙江大学学报·医学版

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the third-generation aromatase inhibitor letrozole in the treatment of McCune-Albright syndrome (MAS) girls with peripheral precocious puberty.@*METHODS@#Twenty-one MAS girls with peripheral precocious puberty treated in Pediatrics Department of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from March 2012 to June 2017 were enrolled in the study. Patients presented with repeated vaginal bleeding, premature breast enlargement, café-au-lait spots or dysplasia of bone fibers, and low levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH); and the congenital adrenal hyperplasia, estrogen-producing tumors, and exogenous estrogen intake were excluded. Letrozole were administrated at a dose of 0.5-2 mg·m ·d for 6 to 12 months. The patients were observed for changes in breast staging, vaginal bleeding, sex hormone levels, liver function and bone age changes, and changes in uterine and ovarian volume.@*RESULTS@#After treatment, bone age/chronological age (BA/CA)was decreased from 1.23±0.30 to 1.11±0.18 ( < 0.01); the predicted adult height (PAH) increased from (156.2±5.9)cm to (158.4±2.1)cm after treatment ( < 0.05); the vaginal bleeding was reduced and the estradiol level decreased, while the teststosterone level and the uterus showed no significant increase, and no adverse reactions such as ovarian torsion and abnormal liver function were observed.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Precocious puberty is one of the most common endocrine manifestations in MAS. Our findings suggest that letrozole may be an effective and safe therapy to precocious puberty in girls with McCune-Albright Syndrome.

Clinical Efficacy of Modified Shenling Baizhusan on Stroke-associated Pneumonia with Lung-Qi Deficiency Syndrome / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective::To observe the clinical efficacy of modified Shenling Baizhusan on stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) with lung-Qi deficiency syndrome and its regulatory effect on inflammatory factors and immune function. Method::One hundred and ten patients were randomly divided into control group (55 cases) and observation group (55 cases) by random number table. Patients in control group got piperacillin sodium and tazobactam sodium for slow intravenous injection, 4.5 g/time, 3 times/days, for 7-10 days, and new antibiotic was chose by drug outcomes, ambroxol hydrochloride injection for low intravenous infusion, 30 mg/time, 2 times/days, for 10 days, and nutritional support and symptomatic comprehensive treatment. In addition to the therapy in control group, patients in observation group were added with modified Shenling Baizhusan, 1 dose/day, for 10 days. And scores of pulmonary infection (CPIS), time of CPIS<6 time of disappearance of cough, time of recovery of temperature, time of recovery of leukocyte, and time of disappearance of lung rales were recorded. And before and after treatment, lung-Qi deficiency syndromes were scored, and levels of procalcitonin (PCT), γ-interferon (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), immunoglobulin A (IgA), immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin M (IgM), T Lymphocyte subsets (CD4+, CD8+ and CD4+ /CD8+) were all detected. Result::By rank sum test, the clinical effect in control group was better than that in control group (Z=2.106, P<0.05). Scores of CPIS and lung-Qi deficiency syndromes were lower than those in control group (P<0.01). And time of CPIS<6, time of disappearance of cough, time of recovery of temperature, time of recovery of leukocyte, and time of disappearance of lung moist rales were all shorter than those in control group (P<0.01). And levels of PCT, TNF-α, hs-CRP and CD8+ were lower than those in control group (P<0.01, P<0.05), while levels of IFN-γ, IgA, IgM, CD4+ and CD4+ /CD8+ were all higher than those in control group (P<0.01, P<0.05). Conclusion::In addition to the comprehensive anti-infection therapy, modified Shenling Baizhusan can control the degree of illness, alleviate symptoms, regulate the expressions of inflammatory factors, increase the immune function of the body, and improve the comprehensive efficacy.

Influence of Shengmaiyin Combined with Xuefu Zhuyu Tang on Hypercoagulable State Caused by Non-small Cell Lung Cancer / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To observe influence of dialectical addition and subtraction of Shengmaiyin combined with Xuefu Zhuyu Tang on fibrinolytic activity and coagulation active factor of patients with non-small cell lung cancer at hypercoagulable state. Method:One hundred and eighty patients were randomly divided into control group (58 cases) and observation group (60 cases) by random number table. Patients in control group got low molecular weight heparins calcium injection by subcutaneous injection for 3 weeks, 1.0 mL (5 000 AXa unit)/time, 1 time/day, and oral aspirin enteric-coated tablets, 100 mg/time, 1 time/day. Patients in observation group got dialectical addition and subtraction of Shengmaiyin combined with Xuefu Zhuyu Tang, 1 dose/day. A course of treatment was 8 weeks. And activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), thrombin time (TT), platelet (PLT), fibrinogen (FIB), D-dimer (D-D), plasma tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA), plasminogen activator inhibitor in plasma-1 (PAI-1), von willebrand factor (vWF), P-selectin, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), transforming growth factor (TGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were detected. And before and after treatment, scores of Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome and hemorheological indices were detected. Result:After treatment, APTT, PT and TT in observation group were longer than those in control group. Levels of PLT, D-D and PAI-1 were lower than those in control group (PPPPPPPConclusion:Dialectical addition and subtraction of Shengmaiyin combined with Xuefu Zhuyu Tang can ameliorate hypercoagulable state of NSCLC, relieve clinical symptoms, and can regulate fibrinolytic activity and coagulation activity factors, so it can mitigate dangers caused by deep venous thrombosis of NSCLC.

Mutation detection in the interaction domains of NRF2 and KEAP1 in lung cancer cell lines / 重庆医学

Objective To detect the interaction domains' gene mutations of KEAP1 and NRF2 in non-small-cell lung cancer cell lines,and to analyze the significance of these mutations on the study of lung cancer cell lines.Methods Six non-small-cell lung cancer cell lines were used as the research materials.The 2nd to 6th exons of KEAP1 and the coding sequences of DLG and ETGE motif were amplified by PCR,and the products were used for gene sequencing analysis.Obtained gene sequences were analyzed using NCBI databases to get the base locations of gene mutations,as well as the subsequent amino acid sequence changes.Meanwhile,the relative intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentrations in the tested cell lines were detected and used in the analysis of abnormal NRF2 transcriptional activity in lung cancer cell.Results Four mutations were detected in the 4th exon of KEAP1 gene from all the 6 cancer cell lines,several other missense mutations were also investigated in the 3rd exon of KEAP1 from some cancer cell lines.Multiple genetic variations were found in all the NRF2-ETGE motif-encoding sequences of the 6 cancer cell lines.All 6 cancer cell lines were found to have higher ROS concentration than the lung germ cell line.Conclusion Lung cancer cells generally contain high levels of ROS as well as gene mutations in KEAP1 and NRF2 genes which lead to abnormal transcriptional activity of NRF2 in lung cancer cell lines.

Preparation of colon-targeted pellets of Prunellae Spica effective components and the in vitro drug-release behaviors / 中成药

AIM To prepare colon-targeted pellets of Prunellae Spica effective components and to evaluate the in vitro drug-release behaviors.METHODS Fluidized bed coating method was adopted in the preparation of pellets.With in vitro accumulative release rate as an evaluation index,hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HMPC),polyacrylic resin (Eudragit S100) and triethyl citrate (TEC) amounts as influencing factors,orthogonal test was applied to optimizing the formulation.The in vitro drug-release behaviors were evaluated with rosmarinic acid content as an index.RESULTS The optimal formulation was determined to be 5％ for HPMC amount,70％ for Eudragit S100 amount,and 20％ for TEC amount.The obtained pellets attained an accumulative release rate of more than 90％ in pH 7.6 PBS (transportation for 2 h),while no drug dissolution was found in pH 1.0 HCl (transportation for 2 h) or pH 6.8 PBS (transportation for 3 h).CONCLUSION Colon-targeted pellets of Prunellae Spica effective components can achieve in vitro colon-targeted effect.

Study of clinical practical model of urinary system injury / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>In order to improve the clinical treatment level of urinary system injury, it is necessary to build up an animal model of urinary system wound, which is not only analogous to real clinical practice, but also simple and practical.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We have developed the third generation of firearm fragment wound generator based on the first and the second producer. The best explosive charge of the blank cartridge was selected by gradient powder loading experiments. The firearm fragment injuries were made to the bulbous urethra of 10 New Zealand male rabbits. One week preoperatively and 2, 4 and 8 weeks postoperatively, all the animals underwent urethroscopy and urethrography. At 2, 4 and 8 weeks postoperatively, two animals were randomly selected and killed, and the urethra was cut off for pathological examination.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The shooting distance of the third generation of firearm fragment wound generator is 2 cm. The best explosive charge of the blank cartridge is 1 g of nitrocotton. All rabbits survived the procedures and stayed alive until they were killed. Injuries were limited to bulbous urethra and distal urethra. Round damaged areas, 1-1.5 cm in length, on the ventral wall were observed. Ureteroscopy results showed that canal diameter gradually shrank by over 50% in 9 rabbits. The rate of success was 90%. Urethrography result noted that a 1-1.3 cm stricture was formed at the bulbous urethra. Histology results of injured stricture urethra showed that fibrous connective tissue hyperplasia and hyaline degeneration caused further stricture in the canal.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The third generation of firearm fragment wound generator imitates the bullet firing process and is more accurate and repeatable. The corresponding rabbit model of traumatic complex urethral stricture simulates the real complex clinical conditions. This animal model provides a standardized platform for clinical researches on treating traumatic injuries to the urinary system.</p>

Expression and significance of Survivin and PTEN in rectal carcinoma / 重庆医学

Objective To detect the expression of Survivin ,PTEN and to discuss the correlations between them and the clinico-pathological characteristic of rectal carcinoma ,evaluate their effects on the development of rectal carcinoma .Methods SP immuno-histochemical was used to detect the expression level of Survivin and PTEN in 72 rectal carcinoma samples ,and randomly selected 20 cases of normal paraneoplastic tissues as control group .Results The positive rate of Survivin and PTEN in normal paraneoplas-tic tissues were 0 and 85 .0% respectively ;The positive rate in rectal carcinoma samples were 61 .1% and 41 .7% respectively .Posi-tive expressions of Survivin and PTEN did not had no correlation with gender ,age ,but correlated with differentiation ,dukes staging and lymph node metastasis .PTEN expression was negatively correlated with Survivin expression in rectal carcinoma .Conclusion The low expression of Survivin and high expression of PTEN might promote tumor genesis and progression of rectal carcinoma , which could be used to judge the rectal cancer clinical staging and pathologic grading .

The tolerance to 188Re-HEDP treatment in patients with bone pain from osseous metastases / 中华核医学杂志

Objective To study the tolerance to 188Re-1-hydroxy-1 ,1-ethylidene disodium phosphonate(HEDP) in patients with bone pain caused by osseous metastases. Methods Thirty-one patients(10with prostate cancer, 9 with breast cancer, 3 with lung cancer, 5 with liver cancer, 2 with rectal cancer, 1with esophageal cancer and 1 with renal cancer) received a single injection dose of 188Re-HEDP. The patients were divided into four groups according to the injection dose: 20 MBq/kg (6 patients), 30 MBq/kg(6 patients), 40 MBq/kg (9 patients), and 50 MBq/kg (10 patients). Haematological toxicity (WHO grading) of grade Ⅲ- Ⅳ was considered unacceptable. Vital signs and adverse effects after injection were recorded for 8 weeks. Blood counts were measured weekly during a period of 8 weeks. Biochemical parameters and electrocardiogram were assayed at week 4 and 8. Statistical analysis was performed for per-protocol (pp) population (t-test). Results Twenty-seven patients belonged to PP population with 5 in the group of 20 MBq/kg, 5 in the group of 30 MBq/kg, 8 in the group of 40 MBq/kg and 9 in the group of 50 MBq/kg.No obvious adverse effects and no significant change of vital signs, electrocardiogram, liver and renal function were found after injection. Alkaline phosphatase was slightly higher than baseline at week 4 and 8 after therapy, but the difference was not statistically significant. In the 20 MBq/kg group, reversible grade Ⅰ leucopenia was noted in 1 patient. In the 30 MBq/kg group, 2 patients showed reversible grade Ⅰ leucopenia including 1 alone with reversible grade Ⅲ thrombopenia. In the 40 MBq/kg group, reversible grade Ⅰ leucopenia and thrombopenia was observed in 1 patient and reversible grade Ⅱ leucopenia and thrombopenia in another patient. In the .50 MBq/kg group, 3 patients showed reversible grade Ⅱ leucopenia. The lowest level of thrombopenia was at week 4(143.5 × 109/L), leucopenia at week 6 (5.4 × 109/L) and anaemia at week 8(t = 3.1325, 3.3156, 3.4917, all P ＜ 0. 05 compared with baseline). At week 8, the mean level of platelet and leucocyte recovered to baseline. "Bounce pain" was found in 2 of 27 patients (7.41%).Conclusions The dose of 20 MBq/kg, 30 MBq/kg, 40 MBq/kg or 50 MBq/kg of 188Re-HEDP do not cause significant side effects on cancer patients with bone metastases, though there is a tendency that the haematological toxicity may increase as the dose of 188Re-HEDP increases.

Effect of antiarrhythmic peptide on ventricular arrhythmia induced by lysophosphatidic acid / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect and potential mechanism of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and antiarrhythmic peptide (AAP10) on rabbit ventricular arrhythmia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-four rabbits were randomly divided into three groups (n = 8 each): control group, LPA group and AAP10 + LPA group. Using arterially perfused rabbit ventricular wedge preparations, transmural ECG and action potentials from both endocardium and epicardium were simultaneously recorded in the whole process of all experiments with two separate floating microeletrodes. The incidence of ventricular arrhythmia post S1S2 stimulation was recorded. Protein levels of nonphosphorylated Cx43 and total Cx43 were evaluated by Western blot. The distribution of nonphosphorylated Cx43 was observed by confocal immunofluorescence microscopy.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the control group, the QT interval, endocardial action potential duration, transmural repolarization dispersion (TDR) and incidence of ventricular arrhythmia were significantly increased and nonphosphorylated Cx43 expression was significantly upregulated in the LPA group. Compared with the LPA group, cotreatment with AAP10 can reduce the QT interval, endocardial action potential duration, TDR and incidence of ventricular arrhythmia (25.0% vs 62.5%, P < 0.01) and downregulate nonphosphorylated Cx43.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>LPA could promote the arrhythmia possibly by upregulating nonphosphorylated Cx43 and subsequent gap junction transmission inhibition. Gap junction enhancer AAP10 could attenuate the pro-arrhythmic effect of LPA probably by downregulating myocardial nonphosphorylated Cx43 expression.</p>

The change of periphery and central lymphocyte subsets at the crest-time of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mice / 中国免疫学杂志

Objective:To observe the change of periphery and centra lymphocyte subsets at the crest-time of MOG_(35-55) induced EAE disease in mice,and to explore the alteration of cellular immunity and humoral immunity in the invasion process in EAE.Methods:MOG_(35-55) was used to establish EAE model in femina C57BL/6 mice.The behavioral changes and the histological scores were recorded after the mice were immuned .The changes of CD3~+CD4~+,CD3~+CD8~+,CD4~+CD25~+ and B220~+ on periphery and centra lymphocytes in spleen,brain and spinal cord were analyzed by flow cytometry.Results:The CD3~+CD4~+,CD3~+CD8~+,CD4~+CD25~+ and B220~+ lymphocytes were detected in the brain and spinal cord of EAE group mice,but they were not detected in CFA control group.The CD3~+CD4~+ and CD3+CD8+lymphocytes in the spleen of EAE crest-time group were lower than those in CFA control group(P＜0.05).The B220~+ lymphocytes were obviously higher than in the CFA control group (P＜0.01).And CD4~+CD25~+ lymphocytes were slight higher than the CFA control group.Conclusion:At the crest-time during EAE,the CD3~+CD4~+,CD3~+CD8~+lymphocytes of spleen reduced obviously,B220~+ lymphocytes increased markedly,and the CD4~+CD25~+ lymphocytes just have the increasing trend.It indicates that cellular immunity and humoral immunity coregulated the patho-process at the crest-time of EAE,T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes all played important roles in the pathogenesy of EAE.

Reference Data of the Main Physiological Parameters in Control Sprague-Dawley Rats from Pre-clinical Toxicity Studies / 한국실험동물학회지

The purpose of this paper is to provide reference data related to the body weight, food & water consumptions, urinalysis, hematology and serum biochemistry parameters and absolute & relative organ weights obtained from control Sprague-Dawley rats, used in the 4-week and 13-week repeated-dose toxicity studies conducted in our laboratory between 2005 and 2008. The mean, standard deviation, minimum and maximum range values for hematology and serum biochemistry parameters, data of absolute & relative organ weights, and the difference between sexes and study duration of week 4 versus 13 week are presented. The studies were conducted according to "the standards of Toxicity Study for Medicinal Products" (2005) and The KFDA Notification No. 2000-63 'Good Laboratory Practice (GLP)' (2000) issued by KFDA. These data could be used as reference material of Sprague-Dawley rats by conducting the studies to evaluate the toxicological profile of pre-clinical toxicity studies.

Relationship between breast cancer molecular subtypes with clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVES</b>This study try to subclassify breast cancer into different prognostic subgroups according to immunohistochemical algorithm and discuss the relationship between subtypes and biological and clinical behavior and prognosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and twenty-eight cases of infiltrative ductal carcinoma were studied using immunohistochemical staining with an antibody panel of ER, PR, HER2 and CK5/6 and subclassified referring to previous reports, and the 9 cases of HER2 positive subtype were tested using FISH.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expression of ER, PR, HER2, and CK5/6 was detected in 67%, 45%, 27% and 27% cases, respectively. All cases were subclassified into five subgroups, with luminal A (55%), luminal B (20%), HER2 positive (7%), basal-like (10%) and unclassified cases (8%). Nine HER2 positive cases all showed amplification of HER2 gene. It was demonstrated that the luminal A group was associated with the best prognosis but the basal-like group worst by univariate analysis. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that both the clinical stage and immunohistochemical subtypes of tumor were related to overall survival. Menses status were different among these subtypes.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>According to the expression of ER, PR, HER2 and CK5/6, infiltrative ductal carcinoma could be subclassified into five subgroups with different biological features and outcome, having a role in evaluating the prognosis and guiding the clinical treatment.</p>

Kv1.3 potassium channel expression changes after CD4(+) and subsets CD28(null)/CD28(+)T cells activation in peripheral blood of patients with acute coronary syndrome / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the Kv1.3 channel expression changes after CD4(+) and subsets CD28(null)/CD28(+)T cells activation in peripheral blood of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>CD4(+)T cell in 27 ACS patients and CD4(+)CD28(null)/CD4(+)CD28(+)T cells in 12 out of these 27 ACS patients were isolated from peripheral blood with magnetic cell sorting. The whole-cell Kv1.3 currents for three T cells were recorded with patch-clamp technique before and 72 hours after activation by purified anti-human CD3 Interferon gamma, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), granzyme B mRNA expression were determined by reverse transcription-PCR before and 72 hours after activation by purified anti-human CD3 in the presence or absence of recombinant Margatoxin (rMgTX, 0.1, 1, 10 nmol/L), a specific Kv1.3 channel blocker.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Peak Kv1.3 channel currents of CD4(+), CD4(+)CD28(null), CD4(+)CD28(+)T cells were significantly increased and the mean Kv1.3 channel numbers per cell of these cells were increased by about 90%, 60%, 80% (402 +/- 88 vs. 752 +/- 275, 553 +/- 328 vs. 874 +/- 400, 392 +/- 133 vs. 716 +/- 251, all P < 0.05) after activation compared to baseline values. Baseline CD4(+)CD28(null)T cell numbers were about 40% more than those of CD4(+)CD28(+)T cell (P < 0.05) and were similar after activation (P = 0.102). The mRNA expression of interferon gamma, TNF-alpha and granzyme B were dose-dependently down-regulated by rMgTX.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Kv1.3 channels of peripheral CD4(+)T cell and CD28(null)/CD28(+)T cells from ACS patients significantly increased after activation and Kv1.3-specific channel blocker rMgTX could effectively abolish this effect suggesting a potential role of Kv1.3 channel blocker on plaque stabilization in ACS patients.</p>

Key parameters and formulas for approximate average height and weight of normal Chinese children under 7 years of age / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>In order to understand the normal physical growth of Chinese children, data of children aged from 0 to 7 years from urban and rural areas of nine Chinese cities in 2005 were analyzed.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The original data of height and weight were drawn into growth curves charts by Graphpad Prism 5.0 software according to the different age groups. The children were classified into five age groups: 0-3 months, 4-6 months, 7-12 months, 13-24 months, and 2-7 years.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The average birth weight was 3.3 kg and the height averaged 50 cm. The average monthly weight gain was 1.0-1.2 kg and the average monthly increase of height was 4 cm in the 0-3 months group. By 3 months of age, the weight and height averaged 6.6 kg and 62 cm, respectively. In the 4-6 months group, the growth rate was reduced to a half of the 0-3 months group, with an average monthly weight and height gain was 0.5-0.6 kg and 2 cm respectively. The growth rate in the 7-2 months group was a half of the 4-6 months group. By 12 months of age, the weight and height average 9.9 kg and 75 cm, respectively. The average monthly weight and height gain in the 13-24 months group was 0.2 kg and 1 cm respectively, with an average weight and height of 12 kg and 87 cm respectively by 24 months of age. A steady growth was found in the 2-7 years group, with a yearly average weight and height increment of about 2 kg and 7 cm respectively. The formulas for approximate average weight and height in children between 2 and 7 years were as follows: age (yr)*2+8 (kg) (weight); age (yr)*7+75 (cm) (height).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The approximate weight and height of normal Chinese children under 7 years of age can be evaluated by the key parameters and formulas above mentioned.</p>

Immunosuppression induced by measles virus in adult patients is not related to CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T cell induction / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate of the relationship of the immunosuppression induced by Measles virus in adult patients and CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T cell.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty-four patients with measles and 27 healthy control subjects were included in this study. The whole blood was collected and CD4+ CD25+ cell and FoxP3+ cell were analyzed by flow cytometry, and CD4+ CD25- and CD4+ CD25+ T lymphocytes were isolated from PBMCs of patients with measles or healthy donors, CD4+ CD25- T cells were cultured in absence or presence of anti-CD3, or BCG, or live attenuated MV. The cell culture supernatant was collected after 72 hours and the concentration of IFN-gamma and IL-10 was determined.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared to healthy donors, we observed a reduction of the number of white blood cells and lymphocytes in patients with measles, but there was not significantly different in the frequency of CD4+ CD25+ T cells and CD4+ CD25high T cells within the total CD4+ population in the blood. Treg from both measles patients and healthy controls significantly inhibited IFN-gamma production by CD4+ CD25- T cells in response to anti-CD3 stimulation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Induction and expansion of Treg may not represent a mechanism involved in the establishment of immune suppression by MV.</p>

CD147 and matrix metallo-proteinase (MMP) 2 and MMP9 expression in multidrug resistant breast cancer cells treated with P-glycoprotein substrate drugs / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate effects of P-glycoprotein (gp) substrate drugs on the expression of CD147 and MMP2 and 9 in multidrug resistant breast cancer cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>MDR human breast cancer cell line, MCF7/AdrR, and its sensitive parental line, MCF7, were treated with various concentrations of P-gp substrate drugs, including paclitoxel and vincristine, and P-gp nonsubstrate drugs, bleomycin, in serum-free media. At the end of the treatment, expressions of CD147 and MMP2 and 9 were determined by real-time PCR and western blot.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Increased expressions of CD147 and MMP2 and 9 were observed in multidrug resistant cancer cells compared with their parental MCF7 cells. After treatment with bleomycin, the expression of CD147 and MMP2 and 9 in both MCF7 and MCF7/AdrR cells remained unchanged (P > 0.05). However, treatment with paclitoxel and vincristine resulted in a remarkable over-expression of CD147 and MMP2 and 9 at both transcription and protein levels in MCF7/AdrR cell line (P < 0.05), while MCF7 cells failed to show similar response.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>P-gp substrate drugs can greatly upregulate the expression of CD147 and MMP2 and 9 in multidrug resistant breast cancer cells, therefore enhancing the tumor metastatic capability.</p>