In vitro screening of natural compounds with antitumor activity by trypsin / 生理学报

In order to investigate the feasibility of in vitro screening the antitumor activity of natural compounds by trypsin, porcine trypsin was used to for screening test, which is marked by inhibition of enzyme activity. Four compounds, namely daidzin, genistin, matrine and oxymatrine, were selected as test subjects. The natural antitumor drug camptothecin was used as the control. The inhibitory effect was detected by two experimental methods: direct detection of trypsin activity inhibition and hydrolysis of bovine serum albumin by trypsin. The results showed the inhibitory effects of the four natural compounds on trypsin, and the inhibition rates of the four natural compounds were significantly different. The enzyme activity assay showed that the inhibitory effect of matrine was better than that of oxymatrine, indicating that trypsin had a good screening resolution. The inhibitory effect was significantly increased with the increased ratio of sample to trypsin, suggesting the structure-activity correlation and dose-effect correlation of the screening methods. Altogether, the experimental method of screening antitumor activity of natural compounds by trypsin has good application values. Since porcine trypsin is similar to human trypsin in terms of molecular structure and performance, it is more applicable for screening of antitumor efficacy of natural pharmacodynamic compounds.

Treatment for ipsilateral fractures of the femoral neck and shaft / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the curative effect of different internal fixation for ipsilateral fractures of the femoral neck and shaft.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>By retrospective study of 27 patients who sustained ipsilateral femoral shaft and neck fractures from June 1993 to March 2004. There were 22 male and 5 female, with an average age of 35 years (range in 14 to 65 years). The femoral neck and shaft fractures were stabilized with dynamic hip screw system (DHS) in 3 cases,with dynamic compression plate and cannulated lag screw in 12 cases, with constructive nail in 8 cases, with antegrade intramedullary locking nail and cannulated lag screw in 4 cases. There were 13 cases used of the temporary fixation of Kirschner wire before the pexia of the femoral neck fractures.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All of the patients were followed up for 36 to 75 months, with an average of 44 months. The average healing period of femoral neck fracture was 4.5 months in 25 cases, nonunion of femoral neck fractures in 2. The average healing period of femoral shaft fracture was 6 months in 27 cases. In 14 cases that not using temporary fixation of femoral neck with Kirschner wire, there were nonunion of femoral neck in 2 and slight coxa vara in 3.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There are a wide choice of internal fixation method for treatment of ipsilateral fracture of the femoral neck and shaft, the fixation with dynamic compression plate and cannulated lag screw is a handy method. It would be avoided to the replacement and trauma, emporary fixing the fracture with Kirschner wire before the pexia of the femoral neck fracture.</p>

Effects of Subacute Manganese Exposure through Drinking Water on Blood Indexes in Rats / 环境与健康杂志

Objective To observe the toxic effects of subacute manganese exposure through drinking water on blood system in rats and offer the scientific data for understanding manganese toxicity mechanism.Methods Male SPF SD rats were randomly divided into control group,high-dose and low-dose Mn-exposed group,12 animals in each group.The two Mn-exposed groups were treated with Mn at doses of 0.5,5.0 g/L,through drinking water,for 60 consecutive days.After 60 days of treatment,haemoglobin (Hgb),red blood cells count(RBC),platelet count(PC),white blood cells count(WBC)and differential count(WBC-DC)were examined by blood routine test.The activity of alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),alkaline phosphatase(ALP),cholinestarase(ChE),monoamine oxidase(MAO),superoxide dismutase(SOD),nitric oxide synthase(NOS)and the level of glutathione(GSH),maleicdialdehyde(MDA)were determined.Results No significant differences of body weigh,Hgb, RBC and WBC were found among the 3 groups.PC and neutrophil(N)percent of WBC were higher,eosinophil(E)percent of WBC was significant lower in high dose and low dose Mn-exposed groups compared with the control group.None of basophil(B)and monocyte(M)was found in 3 groups.Compared with the control group,the activity of ALT,AST,ALP,ChE,NOS and MDA level increased,SOD activity and GSH level decreased significantly in high dose and low dose Mn-exposed groups,and significant doseeffect relationships were seen in the above changes.Conclusion Long term manganese exposure may have some adverse effects on the blood system in rats.