Eye-movement Patterns of Chinese Children with Developmental Dyslexia during the Stroop Test / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the eye-movement patterns of Chinese children with developmental dyslexia (DD children) with those of non-dyslexic children as they perform the Stroop Color and Word Test (SCWT), and to explore the relationship between their eye-movement patterns and interference effect.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>An EyeLink II was used to record the eye-movement parameters of 32 DD children and 37 non-dyslexic children as they performed the SCWT. The independent samples t-test and repeated measures were used to analyze behavioral and eye-movement parameters.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared to the control group, Chinese DD children presented lower accuracy (F = 8.488), slower response time (F = 25.306), and larger interference effect (t = 2.29); Chinese DD children also exhibited lower frequency of fixations (F = 6.069), greater numbers of saccades (F = 7.914) and fixations (F = 5.272), and shorter mean saccade distance (F = 4.03). All behavioral and eye-movement parameters differed significantly among the three tasks in the SCWT. There was significant interaction between groups and tasks in accuracy (F = 5.844), and marginally significant interaction in response time (F = 3.040). Chinese DD children tended to have lower accuracy and longer response time than the control group in the 'color-word naming' task.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compared to non-dyslexic children, Chinese DD children are subject to a stronger interference effect. When performing the SCWT, Chinese DD children exhibit abnormal eye-movement patterns, namely shorter mean saccade distance, lower frequency of fixations, and more fixations and saccades. These abnormal eye movements may be relatively stable oculomotor patterns of DD children performing visual processing, and not influenced by impaired interference effect.</p>

Verbal and visual-spatial memory in Chinese children with developmental dyslexia / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the abilities of verbal and visual-spatial memory in Chinese children with developmental dyslexia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty-two children with developmental dyslexia (aged 8-12 years) and thirty-nine age- and gender-matched normal children were involved in the study. Their verbal short-term and verbal working memories were measured using the digit ordering and the digit span tests, respectively. Their visual-spatial short-term and visual-spatial working memories were examined using the forward and backward block-tapping tests, respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The DD children scored lower in the digit ordering and the digit span tests than the control children (P<0.05). The scores for the forward and backward block-tapping tests did not vary between the two groups (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The children with DD have the deficits in both verbal short-term memory and verbal working memory.</p>

Expression of regenerating gene type IV in human gastric adenocarcinoma tissues and the clinical significance / 第二军医大学学报

Objective: To investigate the role of regenerating gene type IV (Reg IV) in the development and progression of gastric adenocarcinoma. Methods: S-P immunohistochemistry method was used to detect the expression of Reg IV, PI3K, and Akt proteins in 63 gastric adenocarcinoma specimens and the corresponding tumor-adjacent normal tissues. Results: The positive expression rates of Reg IV, PI3K and Akt proteins in 63 gastric adenocarcinoma tissues were 50.7% (32/63), 68.3% (43/63) and 60.3% (38/63), respectively, being significantly higher than those in the tumor-adjacent normal tissues (19.0%[2/63], 20.6%[13/63], and 9.5% [6/63], respectively, P<0.05). Reg IV expression was significantly correlated with the differentiation degree of gastric adenocarcinoma (P<0.05) and PI3K protein expression was significantly correlated with the differentiation degree, infiltrative depth, TNM stage and lymph node metastasis of gastric adenocarcinoma (P<0.05). Akt protein expression was significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). We also found that Reg IV protein expression was positively correlated with PI3K and Akt expression (rs=0.284, 0.305, P<0.05), and PI3K expression was positively correlated with Akt protein expression (rs=0.423, P<0.05). Conclusion: Reg IV overexpression is associated with the progression of gastric adenocarcinoma, which may involve activation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.

Eye-movement study during visual search in Chinese children with developmental dyslexia / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Developmental dyslexia (DD) is a disorder in which children with normal intelligence and sensory abilities show learning deficits in reading. Abnormal eye movements have been found in DD. However, eye-movement abnormalities during visual search among Chinese children with DD remain unknown. We aimed to identify the eyemovement characteristics and search efficiency of Chinese children with DD during visual search for targets of different conceptual categories, under same-category conditions.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We compared 32 Chinese dyslexic children and 39 non-dyslexic children in visual search tasks, which were assessed using EyeLink II High-Speed Eye Tracker (SR Research Ltd., Canada). Letters, single Chinese characters, digits, Chinese phrases, figures and facial expressions were used as stimuli. Targets were similar to distractors in meaning, phonology and/or shape.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A main effect of task on visual search scores and all eye-movement parameters were found. Search scores, average saccade amplitude and saccade distance were significantly smaller in the DD group than in the controls. An interaction between group and task was found for pupil diameter.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Unlike normal readers, children with DD had a reduction in the visual attention span and search accuracy. Besides, children with DD could not increase their mental workload with increase in task difficulty. The conceptual category of the stimulus materials significantly impacts search speed, accuracy and eye-movement parameters.</p>

Study on the application of laparoscopy-assisted radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer in the elderly / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of laparoscopy-assisted D2 radical gastrectomy for elderly patients with gastric cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From October 2007 to October 2012, 233 gastric cancer patients over 65 years underwent D2 lymph node dissection. Among them, 109 patients underwent laparoscopy-assisted radical gastrectomy(LAG group), while 124 patients underwent conventional open gastrectomy(OG group).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared to the OG group, LAG group was associated with less bleeding [(102.5±34.3) ml vs. (181.7±73.8) ml, P<0.05], quicker postoperative recovery of bowel function[(2.8±0.6) d vs. (4.0±1.2) d, P<0.05], shorter postoperative length of hospital stay[(10.7±7.5) d vs.(14.2±6.5) d, P<0.05], longer operative time [(231.2±51.4) min vs. (208.5±53.6) min, P<0.05]. The postoperative complication rate of LAG group and OG group was 10.1%(11/109) and 21.0%(26/124) respectively(P<0.05). Short-term quality of life of LAG group was better than that of OG group(P<0.05). The 5-year survival rates were 54.5% and 59.2% in LAG and OG groups respectively, and there was no significant difference(P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Efficacy of laparoscopy-assisted D2 radical gastrectomy is similar to open gastrectomy in elderly gastric cancer patients with less invasiveness.</p>

A meta-analysis for the efficacy and safety of tourniquet in total knee arthroplasty / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the efficacy and safety of tourniquet in total knee arthroplasty.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Studies on comparison between with and without tourniquet in total knee arthroplasty were identified from Medline, PubMed, EMASE, Cochrane Library, CBM, Highwire, CNKI, VIP, Articles Digital Periodicals.All the randomized controlled trials were included for meta-analysis with RevMan 4.2.2 software.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Nineteen studies involving 15 in foreign languages, 4 in Chinese were identified. There were 1159 cases of knee replacement patients. The results of meta-analysis indicated that there were statistical difference between two groups on intraoperative blood loss (P = 0.000), the number of deep venous thrombosis (P = 0.020), thigh pain (P = 0.000), knee hematoma (P = 0.030), wound infection (P = 0.040), skin ecchymosis area (P = 0.000), and the increasing rate of knee circumference of 3 days after the operation (P = 0.000), while there were no statistical differences with respect to the total blood loss (P = 0.100), the number of blood transfusions (P = 0.150), operation time (P = 0.120), length of hospital stay (P = 0.350), the number of pulmonary embolism (P = 0.310), and skin blisters (P = 0.170).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The tourniquet for total knee arthroplasty can reduce intraoperative blood loss, but can not reduce total blood loss and the number of blood transfusions transfusion, can not improve operative efficiency, can not shorten the hospitalization time and promote the knee joint functional recovery. Furthermore the tourniquet increases the probability of occurrence on deep vein thrombosis, wound infection, hematoma and ecchymosis knee, it also causes knee swelling and thigh pain. It suggests minimize to use tourniquet in total knee arthroplasty.</p>

Perform analyse on the predictive model of ischemic cardiovascular diseases in Qingdao / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the clinical usage of the methods and tools of the 10-year's risk estimation of ischemic cardiovascular disease (ICVD) in Chinese.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The risk of ICVD in 2287 middle-aged Qingdao people was evaluated by the methods and tools of the 10-year's risk estimation of ICVD in Chinese, which was developed by Cardiovascular Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) 98.16% of male and 99.39% of female had a 10-year absolute risk of ICVD less than 10%. 0.19% of male and 0.15% of female had a 10-year absolute risk of ICVD higher than 20%. (2) In the low risk group (absolute risk < 10%) detection rate of abnormal SBP, FBG, TC, BMI was 100%, 20.8%, 75%, 87.5% respectively. While in the high risk group (absolute risk > or = 20%) detection rate of abnormal SBP, FBG, TC, BMI was 7.31%, 3.4%, 37.74%, 59.26% respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The prediction models and simplified tools for estimating 10-year-risk of ICVD in Chinese can predict satisfactorily the occurrence of cardiovascular disease in Qingdao area.</p>