Effect of ACC oxidase gene AhACOs on salt tolerance of peanut / 生物工程学报

ACC oxidase (ACO) is one of the key enzymes that catalyze the synthesis of ethylene. Ethylene is involved in salt stress response in plants, and salt stress seriously affects the yield of peanut. In this study, AhACO genes were cloned and their functions were investigated with the aim to explore the biological function of AhACOs in salt stress response, and to provide genetic resources for the breeding of salt-tolerant varieties of peanut. AhACO1 and AhACO2 were amplified from the cDNA of salt-tolerant peanut mutant M29, respectively, and cloned into the plant expression vector pCAMBIA super1300. The recombinant plasmid was transformed into Huayu22 by pollen tube injection mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens. After harvest, the small slice cotyledon was separated from the kernel, and the positive seeds were screened by PCR. The expression of AhACO genes was analyzed by qRT-PCR, and the ethylene release was detected by capillary column gas chromatography. Transgenic seeds were sowed and then irrigated with NaCl solution, and the phenotypic changes of 21-day-seedings were recorded. The results showed that the growth of transgenic plants were better than that of the control group Huayu 22 upon salt stress, and the relative content of chlorophyll SPAD value and net photosynthetic rate (Pn) of transgenic peanuts were higher than those of the control group. In addition, the ethylene production of AhACO1 and AhACO2 transgenic plants were 2.79 and 1.87 times higher than that of control peanut, respectively. These results showed that AhACO1 and AhACO2 could significantly improve the salt stress tolerance of transgenic peanut.

Correlation between changes of brain microbleed and worsening of chronic kidney disease in patients with lacunar infarction / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective To investigate the correlation between the progression of cerebral microbleed (CMB) and their distribution patterns in patients with lacunar infarction (LI) and the worsening of chronic kidney disease (CKD).Methods A prospective cohort study was used.Two hundred and fourteen patients with LI from June 2014 to June 2016 in Siyang People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province were consecutively selected.The clinical,laboratory and imaging-related data of patients were recorded in detail.The chronic kidney disease epidemiology collaboration (CKD-EPI) formula was used to estimate the estimation glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).After admission and 1-year'follow-up,head MRI (including gradient echo sequences) was performed,and the CMB distribution pattern was evaluated using the microbleed anatomical rating scale (MARS).Results Among the 214 patients with LI,90 patients were in CMB-positive group,of which simple lobe of brain CMB was in 16 cases,and deep/subtentorial CMB was in 74 cases,and 124 patients were in CMB-negative group.The baseline eGFR and eGFR classifications in CMB-negative group were significantly better than those in CMB-positive group,and there were statistical differences (P＜0.01 or ＜0.05).After 1 year'follow-up,worsening of CMB was in 45 cases,and worsening of CKD was in 22 cases.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis result showed that age and stroke history were independent risk factors for worsening of CMB in LI patients with simple lobe of brain CMB (OR =1.14 and 2.91,95％ CI 1.06 to 1.23 and 1.14 to 7.42,P＜0.01 or ＜0.05),and baseline eGFR and worsening of CKD were independent risk factors for worsening of CMB in LI patients with deep/subtentorial CMB (OR =0.90 and 4.11,95％ CI 0.87 to 0.94 and 1.04 to 16.21,P＜0.01 or ＜0.05).Conclusions Renal function in LI patients with CMB negative is significantly better than that in LI patients with CMB positive.In LI patients with deep/subtentorial CMB,the worsening of CMB is associated with worsening of CKD;in LI patients with simple lobe of brain CMB,the worsening of CMB is not associated with worsening of CKD.

Breeding peanut variety Yuhua 7 by fast neutron irradiation and tissue culture / 生物工程学报

Creating new germplasms and breeding new cultivars in peanut by radiation mutagenesis and tissue culture were conducted in this study, aiming to develop new breeding method of peanut. Mature seeds from Luhua 11, the most commonly grown peanut cultivar in Northern China, were treated by fast neutron irradiation. Then the embryo leaflets were separated from the irradiated seeds and inoculated on the media, and the regenerated seedlings were obtained through somatic embryogenesis pathway. The regenerated seedlings were grafted, acclimated and then transplanted into field and the selfed pods were harvested from 83 regenerated plants. The progenies were selected by the pedigree method, and 107 mutants were obtained from the progenies of the 83 regenerated plants. Different mutants showed obvious variation in many agronomic traits, including main stem height, branch number, pod shape and size, seed coat color, inner seed coat color, oil content and protein content etc. Yuhua 7, a new peanut variety with low oil content, early maturity and waterlogging tolerance was obtained. The yield of Yuhua 7 was over 14% higher than that of the mutagenic parent Luhua 11, and the oil content of kernels was 47.0%, lower than that of parent Luhua 11 with 52.1% oil content. Yuhua 7 had passed peanut variety regional multi-location trials in Liaoning Province in 2016 and its average yield was 13.8% higher than that of the control variety Baisha 1017. It had also passed national peanut variety registration, and the registration ID is "GPD peanut (2018) 370105". The results show that irradiation mutagenesis combined with tissue culture is an effective method for creating new germplasm and breeding new varieties of peanut.