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Objective To observe the application of ultrasound-guided femoral nerve block (FNB) and popliteal sciatic nerve block(PSNB) in patients undergoing foot and ankle surgery.Methods From August 2015 to August 2017,60 patients scheduled for foot and ankle surgery undergoing laryngeal mask airway (LMA) general anesthesia in the People's Hospital of Langfang were randomly divided into 3 groups by the random number table,with 20 cases in each group.Before transfer patients from bed to operating table,A group received dezocine 5 mg iv,B group received FNB combined with PSNB (distal to the sciatic nerve bifurcation),C group received FNB combined with PSNB(proximal to the sciatic nerve bifurcation).A total of 40 mL of 0.375％ ropivacaine were injected guided by ultrasound in B group and C group.The time of sufficient sensory block and awake,the dosage of remifentanil and propofol were recorded.Pain was assessed using visual analogue scale (VAS) pre-and post block.The incidence of sleepiness,postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV),agitation,pain and adverse reaction were also recorded.Results The time of sufficient sensory block and awake,the dosage of remifentanil and propofol in A,B and C group:A group (not measured),(21.6 ± 1.6) min,(1183 ± 17) μg,(665.0 ± 6.7) mg;B group (25.5 ± 2.5) min,(15.3 ± 1.4) min,(635 ± 16) μg,(455.0 ±6.5)mg;C group (19.6 ±2.3)min,(14.9 ± 1.5)min,(598 ± 14) μg,(438.0±9.9) mg.The time of awake,the dosage of remifentanil and propofol in B group and C group were significantly lower than those in A group (F =44.07,52.41,62.45,all P ＜0.05).The time of sufficient sensory block in C group was lower than that in B group(t =15.69,P ＜ 0.05).The VAS scores at T2,T3 and T4 in A,B and C group:A group (4.5 ± 0.6) point,(8.4 ± 0.5) point,(6.1 ± 0.9) point;B group (2.6 ± 0.5) point,(3.9 ± 0.3) point,(2.4 ± 0.6) point;C group (2.5 ± 0.4) point,(2.3 ± 0.5) point,(1.1 ± 0.5) point.The VAS scores in B group or C group were significantly lower than those in A group (F =52.36,72.82,75.41,all P ＜ 0.05).The VAS scores at T3 and T4 in C group were significantly lower than those in B group (t =18.42,q =14.55,all P ＜ 0.05).The incidence rates of sleepiness,PONV,agitation and incision pain in A,B and C group:A group (25％,25％,15 ％,15 ％,50％);B group(0％,5％,0％,0％,10％);C group (0％,5％,0％,0％,0％).The number of patients who had adverse reactions in B or C group were significantly lower than those in A group (x2 =8.51,8.73,10.11,10.11,9.69,all P ＜0.05).The incidence rate of incision pain at sober in C group was lower than that in B group(x2 =10.89,P ＜0.05).Conclusion The ultrasound-guided FNB and PSNB (proximal to the sciatic nerve bifurcation) can obviously shorten the onset time,reduce the dosage of general anaesthetic.It has effective analgesia during transfer of patients from bed to operating table and sober.
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Objective@#To observe the application of ultrasound-guided femoral nerve block(FNB) and popliteal sciatic nerve block(PSNB) in patients undergoing foot and ankle surgery.@*Methods@#From August 2015 to August 2017, 60 patients scheduled for foot and ankle surgery undergoing laryngeal mask airway (LMA) general anesthesia in the People′s Hospital of Langfang were randomly divided into 3 groups by the random number table, with 20 cases in each group.Before transfer patients from bed to operating table, A group received dezocine 5 mg iv, B group received FNB combined with PSNB(distal to the sciatic nerve bifurcation), C group received FNB combined with PSNB(proximal to the sciatic nerve bifurcation). A total of 40 mL of 0.375% ropivacaine were injected guided by ultrasound in B group and C group.The time of sufficient sensory block and awake, the dosage of remifentanil and propofol were recorded.Pain was assessed using visual analogue scale (VAS) pre- and post block.The incidence of sleepiness, postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), agitation, pain and adverse reaction were also recorded.@*Results@#The time of sufficient sensory block and awake, the dosage of remifentanil and propofol in A, B and C group: A group(not measured), (21.6±1.6)min, (1183±17)μg, (665.0±6.7)mg; B group (25.5±2.5)min, (15.3±1.4)min, (635±16)μg, (455.0±6.5)mg; C group (19.6±2.3)min, (14.9±1.5)min, (598±14)μg, (438.0±9.9)mg.The time of awake, the dosage of remifentanil and propofol in B group and C group were significantly lower than those in A group (F=44.07, 52.41, 62.45, all P<0.05). The time of sufficient sensory block in C group was lower than that in B group(t=15.69, P<0.05). The VAS scores at T2, T3 and T4 in A, B and C group: A group (4.5±0.6)point, (8.4±0.5)point, (6.1±0.9)point; B group (2.6±0.5)point, (3.9±0.3)point, (2.4±0.6)point; C group (2.5±0.4)point, (2.3±0.5)point, (1.1±0.5)point.The VAS scores in B group or C group were significantly lower than those in A group (F=52.36, 72.82, 75.41, all P<0.05). The VAS scores at T3 and T4 in C group were significantly lower than those in B group (t=18.42, q=14.55, all P<0.05). The incidence rates of sleepiness, PONV, agitation and incision pain in A, B and C group: A group (25%, 25%, 15%, 15%, 50%); B group(0%, 5%, 0%, 0%, 10%); C group(0%, 5%, 0%, 0%, 0%). The number of patients who had adverse reactions in B or C group were significantly lower than those in A group (χ2=8.51, 8.73, 10.11, 10.11, 9.69, all P<0.05). The incidence rate of incision pain at sober in C group was lower than that in B group(χ2=10.89, P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#The ultrasound-guided FNB and PSNB(proximal to the sciatic nerve bifurcation) can obviously shorten the onset time, reduce the dosage of general anaesthetic.It has effective analgesia during transfer of patients from bed to operating table and sober.
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Objective To observe the application of ultrasound-guided femoral nerve block (FNB) and lateral femoral cutaneous nerve block (LFCNB) for patients undergoing hip fracture surgery.Methods 60 patients scheduled for hip fracture surgery undergoing LMA general anesthesia were randomly divided into 3 groups,20 cases in each group.Before transfer patients from bed to operating table,A group received dezocine 5mg iv,B group received fascia iliaca compartment block(FICB),C group received FNB combined with LFCNB.40mL of 0.375％ ropivacaine was injected guiding by ultrasound in B group and C group.The time of sufficient sensory block and awake,the dosage of propofol and remifentanil,MAP and HR at pre-block (T1),20min after block (T2),transfer bed (T3),LMA insert (T4),skin incision(T5),LMA remove(T6) and sober(T7) were recorded.Pain was assessed using visual analogue scale(VAS) pre-and post block.The incidence of using vasoactive drugs,agitation,pain and adverse reaction were also recorded.Results The time of sufficient sensory block and awake,the dosage of propofol and remifentanil in A,B and C groups were as following:A group (not measured),(20.3 ± 1.3) min,(835 ± 6.7) mg,(1 285 ± 18) μg;B group (i2.2 ±2.7)min,(13.3 ± 1.4)min,(610 ±9.9)mg,(835 ± 15) μg;C group (9.7 ± 2.4)min,(12.8 ± 1.5) min,(555 ± 6.5) mg,(785 ± 16) μg.The time of awake,the dosage of propofol and remifentanil in B group and C group were significantly lower than those in A group(F =2.62,2.41,2.45,all P ＜ 0.05).The time of sufficient sensory block in C group was lower than that in B group (p ＜ 0.05).The MAP and HR at T2,T3,T5 and T7 in A,B and C groups were:A group (115 ± 4) mmHg,(90 ± 8) beats/min,(135 ± 6) mmHg,(98 ± 8) beats/min,(104 ±6) mmHg,(87 ± 4) beats/min,(120 ± 5) mmHg,(88 ± 8) beats/min;B group (102 ± 3) mmHg,(81 ± 6) beats/min,(112 ± 5)mmHg,(82 ± 8)beats/min,(89 ±6) mmHg,(72 ± 3) beats/min,(100 ±6)mmHg,(76 ± 8) beats/min;Cgroup (100 ± 3) mmHg,(80 x 6) beats/min,(109 ± 6) mmHg,(83 ± 5) beats/min,(86 ± 5) mmHg,(70 ± 3) beats/min,(99 ± 5) mmHg,(75 ± 5) beats/min.The levels of MAP and HR in B group and C group were significantly lower thanthose in A group(F =2.25,2.85,2.87,2.91,all P ＜ 0.05).The VAS scores at T2,T3,and T7in A,B and C groupswere:A group (3.9 ± 0.7) points,(8.2 ± 0.3) points,(6.0 ± 0.8) points;B group (2.3 ± 0.4) points,(4.1 ±0.4) points,(2.2 ± 0.7) points;C group (2.1 ± 0.5) points,(2.4 ± 0.4) points,(1.2 ± 0.4) points.The VAS scoresin B group and C group were significantly lower than those in A group (2.36,2.82,2.88,all P ＜ 0.05).The VASscores at transfer bed and sober in C group were significantly lower than those in B group (F =2.32,2.38,all P ＜0.05).The incidence of using ephedrine/atropine,urapidil/esmolol,PONV,agitation,pain and incision pain in A,Band C groups were:A group 30％,30％,25％,25％,40％;B group 10％,10％,0％,0％,10％;C group 10％,5％,0％,0％,0％.The number of patients who required vasoactive drugs and adverse reaction in B group and C group were significantly lower than those in A group(x2 =7.58,8.81,9.11,9.11,8.89,all P ＜0.05).The incidence of incision pain at sober in C group was lower than that in B group(x2 =9.21,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The ultrasound -guided FNB and LFCNB can obviously shorten the onset time,reduce the dosage of general anaesthetic and maintain the stability of henodynamics during the perioperative period.It has effective analgesia during transfer of patients from bed to operating table and sober.
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Objective To investigate the relationship between apolipoprotein E ( ApoE ) gene polymorphism and cerebral infarction patients with different gender and etiological typing. Methods A total of 91 patients with cerebral infarction aged≥60 years ( cerebral infarction group) were enrolled. They were divided into either a large artery atherosclerotic (LAA) stroke group (n=37) or a small artery occlusion (SAO) stroke group (n=54) according to the Trial of Org 10172 in acute stroke treatment (TOAST) classification. A total of 105 age-,sex-,and residence-matched healthy subjects were enrolled as controls. A Nested Allele-Specific Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction Method was used to detect the ApoE gene polymorphism. The ApoE gene polymorphism of cerebral infarction of different gender and etiological typing were compared. Results ( 1 ) ApoE Genotypes of E2/2, E2/3, E2/4, E3/3, and E3/4 were detected,but the ApoE E4/4 was not detected. (2) There were no significant differences in the frequencies of ApoE genotypes and each gene carrier frequency between the cerebral infarction group and the control group (all P>0. 05). There was significant difference in ApoE genotype frequencies and each gene carrier frequency of the males between the cerebral infarction group and the control group (P0. 05). (3) There were no significant differences in the ApoE genotype frequency and gene carrier frequency among the LAA,SAO,and control groups. There was significant difference in the ApoE genotype frequency and gene carrier frequency in males between the LAA group and the control group (P>0. 01);the genotype frequencies of E2/3 and E3/E3 (6. 7% and 46. 7%),ε2,as well as theε3 carrier frequency (3. 3% and 73. 3%) of LAA were lower than those of the control group (13. 2%,79. 2%,6. 6%,and 89. 6%,respectively);the E3/4 genotype frequency andε4 carrier frequency of the LAA subtype were 46. 7% and 23. 3% respectively. They were all higher than 7. 5% and 3. 8% in the control group. However,there were no significant differences in males among the SAO group,the control group,and the 3 groups of females ( the LAA subtype,SAO subtypes,and the control group) (P>0. 05). Conclusion ε4 gene may be a risk factor for LAA in males. The association of ApoE gene polymorphism with cerebral infarction in females is not found.
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Objective:To probe into relation between homocysteinemia and TCM syndrome types in the patient of coronary heart disease (CHD).Methods:60 cases of CHD were divided into following 3 syndromes:Qi-deficiency and blood stasis,stagnation of phlegm in heart vessels,deficiency of both Qi and Yin.Plasma hemotypic cysteine(Hcy)level in the patient of CHD and the normal person were detected with high pressure liquid chromatagraphy and fluorescent detector,and Hcy level of the various syndrome types was compared.Results:Hcy level in the patient of CHD was higher than that in the normal person(P