Primary investigation of contaminating fungi on Panax notoginseng and Amomum tsaoko in Yunnan / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the potential risks of fungal contaminants on Panax notoginseng and Amomum tsaoko.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The primary investigation was conducted in the P. notoginseng and A. tsaoko major production areas in Yunnan. Samples of P. notoginseng and A. tsaoko were collected from drugstores and markets in 3 cities of Yunnan. Dilution-plate method was applied for the isolation of fungi, the obtained species were identified according to morphological and molecular approaches.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Paecilomyces lilacinus and Penicillium citrinum were dominant on samples of Panax notoginseng. P. lilacinus and Aspergillus flavus were dominant on samples of Amomum tsaoko.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>In Yunnan province, the major fungal contaminants on P. notoginseng are P. lilacinus and P. citrinum and the major fungal contaminants on A. tsaoko are P. lilacinus and Aspergillus flavus. There exists a potential contamination risk of citrinin on P. notoginseng and aflatoxin on A. tsaoko.</p>

Testing methods for seed quality of Amomum villosum / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The aim of this study was to optimize the testing methods for seed quality, and to provide a basis for establishing seed testing criterion and quality standard of Amomum villosum.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Referring to the International Seed Testing Rules made by ISTA and Rules for agricultural seed testing, the seed quality of A. villosum from different collection areas was measured.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The samples weight of A. villosum for purity analysis were at least 500 g and for test were at least 50 g. Verification of genuineness was assayed by seed appearance comparing and weight of per hundred seeds was determined, the moisture content test was carried out by high temperature drying method (3 hours). The seeds were stored in wet sand for 20 days and then dipping in the 100 mg x L(-1) GA3 for 30 days before germination, seeds on filter papers germinated at 30/20 degrees C. The first germination-counting time was the 15th day of the test and the final time was the 50th day. Seed viability was tested by TTC method.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The seed testing methods for quality items of A. villosum, including sampling, purity analysis, verification of genuineness, weight, moisture content, percentage germination and seed viability of A. villosum had been initially established.</p>

Research and investigation in germplasm resource of Dendrobium chrysotoxum / 中国中药杂志

Collected and preserved germplasm resource of Dendrobium chrysotoxum to lay the foundation for screening fine germplasm. Through refering literatures, visiting and field survey to investigate the distribution, botanic characters and apply status of D. chrysotoxum, furthermore to collect the germplasm resource. The result show that wild germplasm resource of D. chrysotoxum has obvious differences in stem characters, leaf shape as well as flower color aspects. In addition, in recent ten years, the reserves of D. chrysotoxum germplasm resource seriously descended. Through this study, we can draw a conclusion that D. chrysotoxum germplasm resource exist diversity in biology. In these germplasm resource, there are high yield and good quality variety.