Quantification and purification of C-phycocyanin from cyanobacterial strains Anabaena and Phormidium

The cyanobacteria Anabaena and Phormidium are potential source of phycobiliproteins and C phycocyanin (C-pc). Here, we carried out extraction and purification of phycocyanin (PC) from the above selected cyanobacterial isolates using one-step anion exchange chromatography. Crude C-phycocyanins were extracted and concentrated by ammonium sulfate fractionation at saturation of 35%, then purified on a DEAE-sepharose with Fast Flow chromatography column having continuous pH gradient elution from pH 5.1 to 3.76. The process resulted in recovery of high purity C-pc from above cyanobacteria. The purity ratios (A620/A280) of phycocyanin reached 3.34 for Phormidium and 3.1 for Anabaena, respectively. The purity was further demonstrated and confirmed through fluorescence emission spectroscopy. The total recovery yield of pure C-pc was 14% after completion of the process, and the recovered pigment remained stable over a pH range of 4-9. This purification method for recovery of high purity pigment was fairly efficient compared to the existing methods. . As phycocyanin has higher antioxidant activity and hence, the above cyanobacterial strains Anabaena and Phormidium with considerable amount of C-pc, may serve to be a potential source as food supplement as well as for pharmaceuticals industries.

Influence of light intensity, temperature and CO2 concentration on growth and lipids in green algae and cyanobacteria.

Effects of the environmental variables such as light intensity (µmol photons m-2s-1), temperature (°C) and CO2 concentration (ppm) on chlorophyll, total soluble proteins and lipids were studied in selected microalgal strains from Chlorophyceae (Chlamydomonas sp., Scenedesmus sp., Chlorella sp., Kirchneriella sp.) and cyanobacteria (Nostoc sp.1, Anabaena sp., Nostoc sp. 2, Cylindrospermum sp.). Cultures were grown under controlled conditions at the National Phytotron Facility, Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi. Our results showed that chlorophyll concentration enhanced with increased CO2. Chlorella exhibited the highest chlorophyll at 850 ppm CO2 and 28°C; for Chlamydomonas it was at 78 µmol photons m-2s-1 light intensity. In Cylindrospermum, total soluble proteins decreased with enhanced CO2, and were highest at 18°C. In Anabaena, a light intensity of 65 µmol photons m-2s-1 was best for maximum total soluble proteins. In Chlorella, CO2 @ 850 ppm was most suited for maximum lipid accumulation. In Kirchneriella, increase in temperature, from 18°C up to 37°C, increased total lipids; the highest was at 28°C. In Chlamydomonas, the light intensity of 78 µmol photons m-2s-1 was optimum for lipid accumulation and the maximum total lipids was 30.8 (% dry wt.).