RESUMO
Backround: The patho-physiology of anal fissure is thought to be related to trauma to the anoderm from any cause. A tear in the anoderm causes acute pain, which results in spasm of the internal anal sphincter and decreased blood supply to the anoderm. Aim: To comparative evaluation of topical 0.2% Glyceryl trinitrate ointment and topical 2% Diltiazem ointment in anal fissure and to evaluate the role of topical 0.2% Glyceryl trinitrate ointment and topical 2% Diltiazem ointment in healing of anal fissure as compared to prevalent conservative treatment i.e. topical anaesthetics Material and methods: The study was conducted on the patients of anal fissure reported in outpatient department of General Surgery at Guru Gobind Singh Medical College and Hospital, Faridkot including 60 patients which randomized in 3 groups, group A, group B and group C. the data was statistically analyzed using the SPSS version 16. Results: Improvement in constipation after 8 weeks of treatment were 85%, 85% and 80% in Group A, B and C respectively and p value was non-significant (0.887). Improvement in bleeding after 8 weeks of treatment were 90%, 90% and 85% in Group A, B and C respectively and p value was non- significant (0.851). Healing was 78.57%, 92.31% and 46.15% in Group A, B and C respectively Conclusion: Topical 2% Diltiazem and 0.2% Glyceryl trinitrate ointment are equally effective in healing of chronic anal fissure. However, early pain improvement and fewer side effect profile of Topical 2% Diltiazem ointment; this study suggests it as first line treatment of chronic anal fissure.
RESUMO
Background: Road Traffic Accidents (RTA) are increasing in an alarming ways. Globally, nearly 1.2 million people killed in RTA during the year 2002. Developing and underdeveloped countries accounted for 80% of these deaths. Aim: The aim of the study was to know the morbidity and mortality profile of 500 road trafic accident cases in malwa region of punjab. Material and methods: Total 500 road traffic accident cases admitted at Guru Gobind Singh Hospital, Faridkot, Punjab from May 2013 to December 2013 were selected for the study. Results: The age wise distribution of victims showed that 157 (31.4%) occurred in 21-30 years age group, 215 (43%) victims reached the health facility within one hour and the 242 (48.4%) victims stayed in the hospital for the duration of 1-7 days. Conclusion: When enquired about the probable cause of accident most of the victims complained about the poor lighting condition on the roads at night time. The other major cause was alcohol or influence of others intoxication on the victim or the driver of the hitting vehicle.
RESUMO
Background: Penetrating keratoplasty is the surgical removal of diseased cornea with replacement by full thickness corneal donor tissue. The aim of the study was to know the visual outcome in patients undergoing penetrating keratoplasty. Methods: Thirty patients were selected from department of ophthalmology, Guru Gobind Singh medical college & hospital, Faridkot for penetrating keratoplasty. Results: Visual acuity of 6/12 was seen in 1 case, 6/18 in 4 cases, 6/36 in 5 cases, 6/60 in 5 cases, 3/60 in 4 cases, hand movements in 4 cases, PL+PR+ in 2 cases and no perception of light in 2 cases. Final vision at 6 months of follow up was >6/60 in 10 cases (33.33%). 5 cases (16.67%) had vision between 6/60-4/60. 13 cases (43.33%) had vision of 3/60 or less. While in 2 cases (6.67%) there was no vision at the end of follow up. Conclusion: Penetrating keratoplasty helps patients in regaining vision which makes them able to move independently. Although in our study visual outcome of more than 3/60 was present in only 50% cases.