accuracy of FNAC for diagnosis of breast carcinoma in Gezira state, central Sudan

Breast cancer is a leading cause of death in many countries worldwide and breast lesions remain a common diagnostic dilemma. Fine-needle aspiration cytology [FNAC] has been suggested as the most important, first line, minimally invasive procedure in the management of patients with breast lesions. The aim of this study is to assess the diagnostic efficacy of breast FNAC in patients with breast lesions compared with that of the definitive histological diagnosis. This is a hospital-based retrospective study of 112 breast FNAC samples were carried out at Cancer Institute in Medani Gezira state. FNAC findings were correlated with data from histopathology records to determine the sensitivity and specificity of FNAC. Age group of the patients ranged from 26 to 80 years with mean of 42 years. Among the study subjects [112 case], ductal carcinoma is the common hitological linding 83/88 [94%]. According to the cytology, 79% were malignant, 4% were benign and 2% were suspicious. Histological correlation was done in 68 cases. The overall diagnostic accuracy of FNAC was 92.3%, with sensitivity and specificity of 89.2% and 66.5% respectively. FNAC of breast is asimple, cost effective and less traumatic method for diagnosing breast cancer. It is highly sensitive and accurate, and can reduce the needs for open biopsies. It is recommended that FNAC should be used as a first line method for determining the nature of breast lumps

unusual presentation of jejunal stenosis: a case report

Late presentation of jejunal atresia or stenosis is very rare. All patients present within the 1[st] to 5[th] day of life. They present with symptoms and signs of intestinal obstruction. Bilious vomiting is one of the most important and diagnostic feature. Other symptoms and signs of intestinal obstruction are very rare. In patients with duodenal stenosis the presentation is usually late and their main presenting symptom is failure to thrive with or without symptoms of intestinal obstruction. Here we present a thirty one month female who was seen with symptoms and signs of chronic intestinal obstruction. Her main symptoms were bilious vomiting, abdominal distension and constipation. The condition started since birth. Pregnancy was uneventful and she was an outcome of spontaneous vaginal delivery with birth weight of 3kg

Management of undescended testis in Gezira national center for pediatric surgery [2009-2011]

Undescended Testis [UDT] or Cryptorchidism is the most common genital problem encountered in paediatrics. Untreated UDT/cryptorchidism clearly has deleterious effects on the testis over time. In Gezira National Center for Pediatrics Surgery [GNCPS] UDT/Cryptorchidism had been treated since early 80s. During this period no study was taken to evaluate this condition. This is a retro-prospective descriptive study done over a 2 year period from Oct 2009 to Oct 2011 including all patients with UDT operated on in the GNCPS. Patients were evaluated regarding the age at presentation, age at surgery, site of the UDT, location of the testes, investigations done and treatment modality. A total of 232 children underwent orchidopexy for UDT in GNCPS, 81.5% of those patients were older than 2 years. Bilateral cases were 16.8%. Nonpalpable testes found in 36.6% of cases. Dartos pouch fixation was used in 79.8% of the cases. the majority of children with UDT presented at an age older than two year which reflect the delay in diagnosis due to lack of adequate neonatal examination

Quality of life of Sudanese patients with benigan prostatic hyperplasia. The oblivious problem

Although the IPSS and QOL index are universally used, they can only quantify the severity of lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive of benign prostate hyperplasia [BPH] and evaluate treatment efficacy, but cannot fully reflect the overall quality of life. Moreover, because QOL scale depends on the culture background, it is necessary to develop a Sudanese version of the scale. To evaluate the impact of BPH on the quality of life by assessing the physical, mental and stress states among patients of BPH. This study was conducted on 424 patients with BPH in Gezira Hospital for Renal Disease and Surgery [GHRDS], Sudan. The study was cross-sectional, prospective small-scale hospital based study using simple random sampling technique. The subjects were limited to the Sudanese patients, who could hear and answer the questions of the questionnaire independently and that was done for accuracy and privacy. Taking the patient's educational level into account, all items were expressed in spoken language. The data collection tool was a questionnaire which was modified to twelve items from the BPH Quality of Life Index. The majority 386 patients, 91% were physically fit. The pattern of urination was bothering to their daily life of around 320 patients/75.5%, 225 patients/53.1% of patients were worried about the outcome of the disease, 259 patients/61.1% were not concerned of having prostate cancer and 332 patients/78.2% were satisfied with their sleep. The sexual life had been affected in 201 patients/47.4%. The physical state was assessed by the ability of the patient to pray Friday Jomaa at the mosque which was 85.8% and also by attending important Sudanese obliging social activities like condolence which was [91.9%] of the patients. The impact of BPH on quality of life was obviously significant in the three domains; physical, mental and stress state among patients of BPH in GHRD and S. There should be a validated scale for the BPH Quality of Life Index addressing the traditional strata for Sudanese patients