A Study On Working Capital Management In Pazhavoor Primary Agriculture Co-Operative Credit Society Ltd, Pazhavoor, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu.

The title of the research article is “A Study on Working Capital Management in Pazhavoor Primary Agriculture Co- operative Credit Society Ltd., Pazhavoor, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu.” Working capital management involves the relationship between a company's short-term assets and its short-term liabilities. The goal of working capital management is to ensure that a company is able to continue its operation and that it has sufficient ability to satisfy both maturing short-term debt and upcoming operational expenses. The management of working capital involves managing inventories, accounts receivable and payable and cash management. Further the study is based on last five years annual reports of Pazhavoor Primary Co-operative Society. The objective of the study is to analyze the working capital position in Pazhavoor Primary Co-operative Society and to analyze the profitability and solvency position of the Pazhavoor Primary Co-operative Society. The study of working capital is based on tools like Ratio analysis, statement of changes in working capital, comparative balance sheet and trend analysis. By analyzing the topic of working capital management in Pazhavoor Primary Co-operative Bank Ltd. It concludes that the bank is having less working capital in the year 2019 but in the year 2020 the working capital is increasing, So the bank maintains the constant working capital which helps perform the day-to-day business by increasing the current asset.

Study of perinatal outcomes in normal and borderline oligamnios

Background: Oligamnios is a common cause of perinatal mortality and morbidity, but the outcome of borderline oligamnios, defined as Amniotic Fluid Index (AFI) between 5 and 8, is less clear. This study aims to find out the effect of borderline oligamnios on perinatal outcomes in pregnancies beyond 37 weeks.Methods: An observational prospective study of 131 antenatal mothers with AFI between 5 and 8, after 37 weeks of gestation was conducted in Sree Gokulam Medical College and Research Foundation from October 2017 to September 2019. These observations were compared with that of 131 antenatal mothers with normal AFI beyond 37 weeks of gestation. The observations according to fetal heart rate abnormalities, meconium staining of amniotic fluid, mode of delivery, low birth weight babies, APGAR score, the need of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admissions due to neonatal complications were statistically analysed.Results: Both groups were comparable with respect to age, parity and gestational age. In those with borderline oligamnios, fetal heart rate abnormality was seen in 21% (28), meconium stained amniotic fluid in 18% (23), 70% (91) delivered vaginally and 30% (40) underwent caesarean section, 31% (41) babies weighed below 2.5 kg and 21% (27) neonates needed NICU admissions. In those with normal AFI, none showed fetal heart rate abnormality, 2% (3) showed meconium staining, 93% (122) delivered vaginally and 7% (9) underwent caesarean section, 11% (14) babies weighed below 2.5 kg and 3% (4) neonates needed NICU admissions.Conclusions: Borderline oligamnios is associated with poor perinatal outcome. AFI can be used as an adjunct to other fetal surveillance methods. It helps to identify those infants at risk of poor perinatal outcome.

Management of nephrolithiasis in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease - a single center experience

To evaluate available options for the management of nephrolithiasis in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease [ADPKD]. Case files of all the patients with ADPKD treated in our hospital in the last 18 years were evaluated. Their demographic details, clinical presentations, investigations, treatments, and outcomes were critically analyzed. There were a total of 19 patients [23 renal units] with nephrolithiasis among 452 consecutive cases of ADPKD. Male-to-female ratio was 3.75:1. The mean age of the patients was 43.3 years [range 23 to 60 years]. The most common presentations were pain and hematuria [27.7% each]. Mean serum creatinine was 7.2 mg/ dl [range 0.8-18.1 mg/dl] at presentation. The mean stone size was 115 mm[2] [range 36 to 980 mm[2]]. The majority of the stones were calyceal [n = 10]. Ten renal units [nine patients] required intervention, while the rest were treated conservatively. Treatment offered included open nephrectomy for non-functioning infected kidney [n = 1], extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy [ESWL, n = 3], ureterorenoscopy [URS, n = 3], and percutaneous nephrolithotomy [PCNL, n = 3]. All patients undergoing URS and PCNL had complete clearance, while those undergoing ESWL had a residual stone. Two failed ESWL patients required an auxiliary procedure [retrograde intrarenal surgery, RIRS] and the other was kept under observation. Mean follow-up after treatment was 4.2 years [one month to six years]. None of the patients had major complications. Careful selection of the endourological procedure can give good results in patients of ADPKD with nephrolithiasis

Spontaneous subcapsular renal hematoma: a case report and review of literature

Spontaneous subcapsular renal hematoma is not a common entity. We report a 38-year-old lady presenting with sudden onset right flank pain with uncontrolled hypertension and she was found to have subcapsular collection in the right kidney on ultrasonography. Finding was confirmed on computed tomography. Except hypertension, no particular cause for the condition could be found. Symptoms and size of the collection decreased on conservative treatment. They completely disappeared on ultrasonography at 6 months follow-up. She was asymptomatic at 18 months follow-up