RESUMO
OBJECTS: The purpose of this study was to examine the reliability and validity of Geriatric Depression Scale(GDS). METHODS: GDS, BDI, SDS, MMPI-D, K-CES-D were administered to 81 depressed elderlies and 75 nondepressed elderlies. Those who obtained the 'definite impairment' score in MMSE-K were excluded in the final analyses. RESULTS: The values of Cronbach's alpha and test-retest correlation coefficient were 0.88 and 0.66(p< .001) respectively, The GDS was highly correlated with BDI(r= .72), SDS(r= .78), K-CES-D(r= .75), and MMPI-D(r= .65). The result of the factor analysis showed that GDS had seven factors. They could be labeled as core depressive feature(factor 1), loss of interest/pleasure(factor 2), feeling of unhappiness(factor 3), agitation(factor 4), cognitive inefficiency (factor 5), social withdrawal tendency(factor 6), and lack of motivation(factor 7), which represent important characteristics (emotional, cognitive, and behavioral aspects) of depression in the elderly. The total percent of variance of 7 factors was 53.4%. finally, the result of discrimination analysis showed that the hit ratio of GDS was 64%. CONCLUSION: Although GDS had the reasonable reliability and validity, it seemed to have some limitations in relation to absolute discrimination power. It is necessary to investigate the cultural differences in geriatric depressive symptoms and to develope a new depression scale for elderly people with consideration of the cultural differences.
Assuntos
Idoso , Humanos , Depressão , Discriminação Psicológica , Reprodutibilidade dos TestesRESUMO
Although the same traumatic stress was experienced, the presenting symptoms and their severity might be different. The difference could be associated with the coping style. Thus we were interested in which coping style is more efficient in dealing with stress. Among the 624 survivors of Sampoong Accident we selected active coping group(n=67) and passive coping group(n=63) using the Ways of Coping Checklist. These two groups were compared on scores in Beck Depression Inventory, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Impact of Event Scale, MMPI, and 16 Personality Factor Questionnaire. The passive coping group reported that they were more anxious and depressive, and they showed more intrusive thought about traumatic stress, denial, and vulnerable factors of personality than active coping group. These results suggest that active coping style such as problem-focused coping and seeking social supports is more efficient and successful in case as Sampoong Accident. Therefore, for the survivors of extremely traumatic accident, training of active coping skills can be helpful for rehabilitation and adaptation in everyday life.