Chemical constituents from the stems of Gymnema sylvestre / 中国天然药物

AIM@#To study the chemical constituents of stems of Gymnema sylvestre (Retz.) Schult.@*METHODS@#Chromatographic techniques using silica gel, C18 reversed phase silica gel, and prep-HPLC were used. The structures were elucidated on the basis of MS and spectroscopic analysis (1D and 2D NMR), as well as chemical methods.@*RESULTS@#Seven compounds were isolated and their structures were elucidated as conduritol A (1), stigmasterol (2), lupeol (3), stigmasterol-3-O-β-D-glucoside (4), the sodium salt of 22α-hydroxy-longispinogenin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-glu-curono-pyranosyl-28-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (5), oleanolic acid-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside (6), and the sodium salt of 22α-hydroxy-longispinogenin 3-O-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl-28-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (7). The inhibition activities of compounds 1, 5-7 on non-enzymatic glycation of protein in vitro were evaluated.@*CONCLUSION@#Compound 7 is a new triterpenoid saponin. It was shown that compounds 1, 5-7 have weak inhibition activities for non-enzymatic glycation of protein in vitro.

Analysis of the test results of HBV serum markers and HBV DNA of the neonates born to HBsAg-positive mothers / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the HBV serum markers and HBV DNA expressions of the neonates born to the HBsAg-positive mothers.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>By detecting serum immunity markers of hepatitis B virus (5 items) and serum HBV DNA of 283 neonates (a pair of twins) born to 282 HBsAg-positive mothers.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>12 patterns emerge from the study of the hepatitis B serum markers of 283 neonates. Topping the list is the combination of HBeAg and anti-HBc positive accounting for 48.41% (137/283), followed by the combination of anti-HBe and anti-HBc positive accounting for 22.26% (62/283). The third highest combination is that of HBsAg, HBeAg and anti-HBc positive accounting for 12.37% (35/283). There are five combinations accounting for 16.61% (47/283), each with HBsAg-positive. No case is found of the five items all negative or only HBsAb positive. Five cases are detected of serum HBV DNA > or = 1 x 103 IU/ml accounting for 1.77%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Neonates born to HBsAg-positive mothers display complex patterns of serum hepatitis B markers, the dominant pattern being the combination of HBeAg and anti-HBc positive. Cases of serum HBV DNA > or = 1 x 10(3) IU/ml are rare.</p>

Research on the behavior of fruit and vegetable intake in adolescents with Transtheoretical Model / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the current situation and factors influencing the behavior of fruit and vegetable intake in adolescents, and to discuss health education strategy related to the behavior.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>1677 students were selected from primary school and middle school in urban area of Hangzhou by a multistage sampling method. The behavior of fruit and vegetable intake was surveyed by questionnaires of the patient-centered assessment and counseling for exercise plus nutrition project (PACE+) for adolescent-scale of fruit and vegetable consumption, and analyzed by Transtheoretical Model on the servings of intake, the stage of change, process of change, decisional balance and the current status of self-efficacy.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The average intake of fruit and vegetable in adolescents was (3.21 +/- 1.50) servings per day ("one serving" means 100 g cooked vegetable or 100 g fruit). The behavior of consuming fruit and vegetable in most of the adolescents was in the contemplation stage, accounting for 36.91% (619/1677). The process of behavior change, decisional balance (Pros) and self-efficacy existed a positive correlation with the process of stage (r(process) = 0.38, r(decisional balance (Pros)) = 0.26, r(self-efficacy) = 0.33, t values were 16.78, 11.02 and 14.31, P < 0.05). The servings of fruit and vegetable intake existed a positive correlation with stage transition and self-efficacy (beta(stage transition) = 0.665, t = 35.07, P < 0.05; beta(self-efficacy) = 0.050, t = 2.63, P < 0.05), and existed a negative correlation with decisional balance (Cons) (beta(decisional balance (Cons)) = -0.051, t = -2.84, P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Fruit and vegetable intake of these adolescents are under the recommended dietary intake. Along with behavior stage development and self-efficacy improvement, the intake of fruit and vegetable also increased correspondingly. Intervention strategies should aim at improving the awareness of adolescents on the health benefits of fruit and vegetable intake and promoting their confidence to reach the recommended servings.</p>

Effects of the extracts from decoction for resuscitation and its component herbs on PGI2, TXA2 and NO release from rat vascular endothelial cells under hypoxia in vitro / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the effect of the extracts from Decoction for resuscitation (DRE) and its component herbs on prostacyclin (PGI2), thromboxane A2 (TXA2) and nitric oxide (NO) release from rat vascular endothelial cells under hypoxia.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>After treatment with the extracts from DRE and its component herbs, the contents of 6-keto-prostaglandin F1alpha(6-keto-PGF1alpha), thromboxane B2 (TXB2) as well as nitrite (NO), which were degradation products of PGI2, TXA2 and NO respectively, in culture medium of rat vascular endothelial cells under hypoxia were measured with radioimmunoassay and Griess Reaction.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Compared with the control group, the results indicated that DRE, prepared licorice root extract (LE), dried ginger extract (GE), aconite root extract (AE), extracts of aconite root and prepared licorice root (ALE), extracts of aconite root and dried ginger (AGE) increased significantly the content of 6-keto-PGF1alpha and the ratio of 6-keto-PGF1alpha/TXB2, but had no effect on the content of TXB2 in culture medium of rat vascular endothelial cells under hypoxia. The content of 6-keto-PGF1alpha in the DRE group was higher than that in the groups of LE, GE, AE, ALE, AGE. The ratio of 6-keto-PGF1alpha/TXB2 in the DRE group was higher than that of the groups of GE, AE, ALE. Compared with the control group, DRE, LE, GE, AE, ALE, AGE increased significantly the content of NO2- in culture medium of rat vascular endothelial cells under hypoxia. Moreover, the content of NO2- in the DRE group was higher than that of the groups of GE, AE, ALE.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The results suggested that DRE increased significantly the content of PGI2 and the ratio of PGI2/TXA2 as well as the content of NO. The effect of DRE on the parameters in culture medium of rat vascular endothelial cells under hypoxia was better than that of the extracts from its component herbs.</p>

Studeis on the constituents of alkaloids and saponins of ginseng sini tang / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the chemical constituents of Ginseng Sini Tang.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The constituents were identified by physico-chemical properties and spectral analysis.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The 12 compounds were identified as ginsenoside-Rb1,-Rb2,-Rb3,-Rc,-Rd,-Re,-Rg1,Rg2,Rg3,Rf,Ra1,Ra2. The 10 compounds were identified as benzoylmesaconitine(BM), benzoylaconitine(BA), benzoylhypaconitine(BH), neoline (NL), fuziline (FL), 14-ethyl-talatisamine14-acetyl-talatisamine (AT), 14-benzoylhypaconine-8-linoleate (HAL),14-benzoyldeoxyaconine-8-oleate(HAO), 14-benzoylhypaconine-8-palmitate(HAP), talatisamine(TS).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>All these compounds were obtained from Ginseng Sini Tang for first times.</p>