A Case of Retroperitoneal Extragonadal Germ Cell Tumor with Cryptorchidism / 대한비뇨기과학회지

We experienced one case of extragonadal germ cell tumor of retroperitoneal origin. The patient had orchiopexy of left cryptorchidism twenty years ago. The left testis was atrophied and the right testis was normal on palpation. Retroperitoneal exploratory surgery and complete excision of the mass were performed. The pathologic report identified seminoma. There was no evidence of metastasis computed tomography and bone scan. Then left orchiectomy and right testicular biopsy were performed. The left testis demonstrated hyalinization of seminiferous tubules and right testis demonstrated normal finding, but both specimens showed no malignancy or carcinoma in situ. The patient was treated with BEP(bleomycin, etoposide, cisplatin) combination chemotherapy. With a follow-up of 24 months the patient remains disease free.

Sequential Involvement of Carcinosarcoma in the Ureter, Bladder and Kidney: A Case Report / 대한비뇨기과학회지

We report a case of carcinosarcoma involving the ureter, bladder and kidney in a 63-year-old woman. The diagnosis of carcinosarcoma was confirmed by immunohistochemical stain.

Bladder Mucosal Mast Cell Response in Bladder Tumor / 대한비뇨기과학회지

Mast cells are immune-mediators producing cells and involved in neovascularization of some tumors. Such roast cell is divided into two cell types: mucosal mast cell and connective tissue mast cell. There are controversies about the roles of mast cells in suppression and metastasis of some tumors (including bladder tumor). We performed bladder mucosal biopsies in 28 patients (from September 1994 to July 1996) and observed bladder mucosal mast cell responses in bladder tumor (TCC) under toluidine blue stain (x 400). Patients were divided into 2 groups: group A was consisted of bladder tumor patients (21 cases), whereas group B was the control group (7 cases). Mast cell responses, average mucosal mast cell counts in high power field, in group A and B were 1.75+/-0.25 cells/HPF, 0.29+/-0.20 cel1/HPF respectively. We observed more mast cell responses in bladder tumor patients group. But fundamental researches will be needed to elucidate the causes of mast cell activation in bladder tumor.

Clinical Experience of Ureteroscopic Stone Manipulation / 대한비뇨기과학회지

To define indications of primary treatment in ureteroscopic stone manipulation with comparing the success rates and complications of A(11.5F rigid ureteroscopy from March 1989 to April 1993) and B(7.5F rigid ureteroscopy from May 1993 to February 1995) groups, 216 ureteroscopies were performed for ureteral stone removal between March 1989 and February 1995 in our urologic department. The overall success rates of ureteroscopic stone manipulation were obtained and compared according to stone locations, sizes and anesthesia or not. The overall success rate was 85.6%(80% in group A and 94.2% in group B respectively). The success rates in each group A and B were 60% and 77.8% in the upper ureter, 100% and 66.7% in the middle ureter, 80.0% and 95.9% in the lower ureter. There were the more success rates and the less complication rates in group B than group A. The success rates of stone removal are increased and the complications are decreased remarkably in group B(especially in the lower ureter stone). The rapid relief of ureteral obstruction and colic is possible immediately after ureteroscopic stone manipulation. So, we conclude that ureteroscopic stone manipulation is primarily indicated in the treatment of lower ureteral stones.

A Case of Bilateral Adrenal Masses due to Tuberculosis / 대한비뇨기과학회지

Bilateral adrenal tuberculosis is a rare disease and often occurs bilaterally. We report a case of bilateral adrenal masses due to tuberculosis with adrenal insufficiency. The patient was a 39- year-old man who had complained of intermittent pain of right upper quadrant and general weakness. The plasma levels of cortisol and catecholamine were normal. The levels of 24-hour urinary catecholamine and VMA were also normal. But the levels of 24-hour urinary 17- hydroxycorticosteroids and 17-ketosteroids were reduced. Abdominal CT showed about 6.5 x4.8 x 5.4cm sized left adrenal mass and 4.0 x 2.8 x 3.6cm sized right adrenal mass with calcification. The result of sono-guided percutaneous needle biopsy was adrenal tuberculosis. The patient was treated with antituberculous chemotherapy and hormonal replacement. But the masses are unchanged during 5-months follow-up.