Amblyopia and Sensory Fusional Anomaly in Intermittent Exotropia

This study is designed to determine the frequency of amblyopia and sensory fusional anomaly in intermittent exotropia and the relationship between amblyopia and sensory fusional anomaly. Ninety eight intermittent exotropic patients were selected and using full corrected visual acuity, the selected patients were divided into amblyopia group and non-amblyopia group. Then, refractive errors, Bagolini lens test, Worth 4 dot test and stereoacuity test were measured and these values were statistically analyzed. The frequency of amblyopia among intermittent exotropia group was 14 patients[14.3%]. Anisometropia among amblyopia group was 6 patients[43.9%] and among non-amblyopia group was 6 patients [7.1%]. Anisometropia was statistically meaningful in amblyopia group compared with non-amblyopia group[p0.064]. In stereoacuity, it decreased statistically meaningful when amblyopia[p<0.003] or sensory fusional anomaly[p<0.019]were present.

Ret robulbar Optic Neuritis Associated with Multiple Sclerosis: Two Cases

Optic neuritis is one of the most important clinical manifestations of multiple sclerosis. We experienced 2 cases of retrobulbar optic neuritis associated with multiple sclerosis. One was a 14-year-old female patient who presented with decreased visual acuity and visual field defect in right eye followed by paralysis of both lower extremities and the other was a 39-year-old female patient who presented with repeated paresthesia and motor weakness of upper and lower extremities then rapid decrease in visual acuity in both eyes. Both patients had relative afferent pupillary defect, color perception abnormality, variable visual field defect and abnormality in VEP. In fundus exam and fluorescene angiography, there was no specific abnormal finding. T2 weighted MRI showed multiple high signals corresponding to plaques. These two patients were diagnosed as multiple sclerosis. We should keep in mind that retrobulbar optic neuritis could be associated with multiple sclerosis as a presenting sign or as a manifestation during its clinical course.